# Triggering jobs through the API

> **Note**:
- [Introduced][ci-229] in GitLab CE 7.14.
- GitLab 8.12 has a completely redesigned job permissions system. Read all
  about the [new model and its implications](../../user/project/new_ci_build_permissions_model.md#job-triggers).

Triggers can be used to force a rebuild of a specific `ref` (branch or tag)
with an API call.

## Add a trigger

You can add a new trigger by going to your project's
**Settings ➔ CI/CD Pipelines ➔ Triggers**. The **Add trigger** button will
create a new token which you can then use to trigger a rerun of this
particular project's pipeline.

Every new trigger you create, gets assigned a different token which you can
then use inside your scripts or `.gitlab-ci.yml`. You also have a nice
overview of the time the triggers were last used.

![Triggers page overview](img/triggers_page.png)

## Revoke a trigger

You can revoke a trigger any time by going at your project's
**Settings > Triggers** and hitting the **Revoke** button. The action is
irreversible.

## Trigger a job

> **Note**:
Valid refs are only the branches and tags. If you pass a commit SHA as a ref,
it will not trigger a job.

To trigger a job you need to send a `POST` request to GitLab's API endpoint:

```
POST /projects/:id/trigger/pipeline
```

The required parameters are the trigger's `token` and the Git `ref` on which
the trigger will be performed. Valid refs are the branch and the tag. The `:id`
of a project can be found by [querying the API](../../api/projects.md)
or by visiting the **CI/CD Pipelines** settings page which provides
self-explanatory examples.

When a rerun of a pipeline is triggered, the information is exposed in GitLab's
UI under the **Jobs** page and the jobs are marked as triggered 'by API'.

![Marked rebuilds as  on jobs page](img/builds_page.png)

---

You can see which trigger caused the rebuild by visiting the single job page.
A part of the trigger's token is exposed in the UI as you can see from the image
below.

![Marked rebuilds as triggered on a single job page](img/trigger_single_build.png)

---

See the [Examples](#examples) section for more details on how to actually
trigger a rebuild.

## Trigger a job from webhook

> Introduced in GitLab 8.14.

To trigger a job from webhook of another project you need to add the following
webhook url for Push and Tag push events:

```
https://gitlab.example.com/api/v4/projects/:id/ref/:ref/trigger/pipeline?token=TOKEN
```

> **Note**:
- `ref` should be passed as part of url in order to take precedence over `ref`
  from webhook body that designates the branchref that fired the trigger in the source repository.
- `ref` should be url encoded if contains slashes.

## Pass job variables to a trigger

You can pass any number of arbitrary variables in the trigger API call and they
will be available in GitLab CI so that they can be used in your `.gitlab-ci.yml`
file. The parameter is of the form:

```
variables[key]=value
```

This information is also exposed in the UI.

![Job variables in UI](img/trigger_variables.png)

---

See the [Examples](#examples) section below for more details.

## Examples

Using cURL you can trigger a rebuild with minimal effort, for example:

```bash
curl --request POST \
     --form token=TOKEN \
     --form ref=master \
     https://gitlab.example.com/api/v4/projects/9/trigger/pipeline
```

In this case, the project with ID `9` will get rebuilt on `master` branch.

Alternatively, you can pass the `token` and `ref` arguments in the query string:

```bash
curl --request POST \
    "https://gitlab.example.com/api/v4/projects/9/trigger/pipeline?token=TOKEN&ref=master"
```

### Triggering a job within `.gitlab-ci.yml`

You can also benefit by using triggers in your `.gitlab-ci.yml`. Let's say that
you have two projects, A and B, and you want to trigger a rebuild on the `master`
branch of project B whenever a tag on project A is created. This is the job you
need to add in project's A `.gitlab-ci.yml`:

```yaml
build_docs:
  stage: deploy
  script:
  - "curl --request POST --form token=TOKEN --form ref=master https://gitlab.example.com/api/v4/projects/9/trigger/pipeline"
  only:
  - tags
```

Now, whenever a new tag is pushed on project A, the job will run and the
`build_docs` job will be executed, triggering a rebuild of project B. The
`stage: deploy` ensures that this job will run only after all jobs with
`stage: test` complete successfully.

_**Note:** If your project is public, passing the token in plain text is
probably not the wisest idea, so you might want to use a
[secure variable](../variables/README.md#user-defined-variables-secure-variables)
for that purpose._

### Making use of trigger variables

Using trigger variables can be proven useful for a variety of reasons.

* Identifiable jobs. Since the variable is exposed in the UI you can know
  why the rebuild was triggered if you pass a variable that explains the
  purpose.
* Conditional job processing. You can have conditional jobs that run whenever
  a certain variable is present.

Consider the following `.gitlab-ci.yml` where we set three
[stages](../yaml/README.md#stages) and the `upload_package` job is run only
when all jobs from the test and build stages pass. When the `UPLOAD_TO_S3`
variable is non-zero, `make upload` is run.

```yaml
stages:
- test
- build
- package

run_tests:
  script:
  - make test

build_package:
  stage: build
  script:
  - make build

upload_package:
  stage: package
  script:
  - if [ -n "${UPLOAD_TO_S3}" ]; then make upload; fi
```

You can then trigger a rebuild while you pass the `UPLOAD_TO_S3` variable
and the script of the `upload_package` job will run:

```bash
curl --request POST \
  --form token=TOKEN \
  --form ref=master \
  --form "variables[UPLOAD_TO_S3]=true" \
  https://gitlab.example.com/api/v4/projects/9/trigger/pipeline
```

### Using webhook to trigger job

You can add the following webhook to another project in order to trigger a job:

```
https://gitlab.example.com/api/v4/projects/9/ref/master/trigger/pipeline?token=TOKEN&variables[UPLOAD_TO_S3]=true
```

### Using cron to trigger nightly jobs

Whether you craft a script or just run cURL directly, you can trigger jobs
in conjunction with cron. The example below triggers a job on the `master`
branch of project with ID `9` every night at `00:30`:

```bash
30 0 * * * curl --request POST --form token=TOKEN --form ref=master https://gitlab.example.com/api/v4/projects/9/trigger/pipeline
```

[ci-229]: https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ci/merge_requests/229
