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Todos.ts
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// Todos.js
// https://github.com/documentcloud/backbone/blob/master/examples/todos/todos.js

// An example Backbone application contributed by
// [Jérôme Gravel-Niquet](http://jgn.me/). This demo uses a simple
// [LocalStorage adapter](backbone-localstorage.js)
// to persist Backbone models within your browser.

declare var $: any;
declare module Backbone {
	export class Model {
		constructor (attr? , opts? );
		get(name: string): any;
		set(name: string, val: any): void;
		set(obj: any): void;
		save(attr? , opts? ): void;
		destroy(): void;
		bind(ev: string, f: Function, ctx?: any): void;
		toJSON(): any;
	}
	export class Collection {
		constructor (models? , opts? );
		bind(ev: string, f: Function, ctx?: any): void;
		collection: Model;
		length: number;
		create(attrs, opts? ): Collection;
		each(f: (elem: any) => void ): void;
		fetch(opts?: any): void;
		last(): any;
		last(n: number): any[];
		filter(f: (elem: any) => any): Collection;
		without(...values: any[]): Collection;
	}
	export class View {
		constructor (options? );
		$(selector: string): any;
		el: HTMLElement;
		$el: any;
		model: Model;
		remove(): void;
		delegateEvents: any;
		make(tagName: string, attrs? , opts? ): View;
		setElement(element: HTMLElement, delegate?: bool): void;
		tagName: string;
		events: any;

		static extend: any;
	}
}
declare var _: any;
declare var Store: any;


// Todo Model
// ----------

// Our basic **Todo** model has `content`, `order`, and `done` attributes.
class Todo extends Backbone.Model {

	// Default attributes for the todo.
	defaults() {
		return {
			content: '',
			done: false
		}
	};

	// Ensure that each todo created has `content`.
	initialize() {
		if (!this.get('content')) {
			this.set({ 'content': this.defaults().content });
		}
	}

	// Toggle the `done` state of this todo item.
	toggle() {
		this.save({ done: !this.get('done') });
	}

	// Remove this Todo from *localStorage* and delete its view.
	clear() {
		this.destroy();
	}

}

// Todo Collection
// ---------------

// The collection of todos is backed by *localStorage* instead of a remote
// server.
class TodoList extends Backbone.Collection {

	// Reference to this collection's model.
	model = Todo;

	// Save all of the todo items under the `'todos'` namespace.
	localStorage = new Store('todos-typescript-backbone');

	// Filter down the list of all todo items that are finished.
	done() {
		return this.filter((todo: Todo) => todo.get('done'));
	}

	// Filter down the list to only todo items that are still not finished.
	remaining() {
		return this.without(this.done());
	}

	// We keep the Todos in sequential order, despite being saved by unordered
	// GUID in the database. This generates the next order number for new items.
	nextOrder() {
		if (!length) return 1;
		return this.last().get('order') + 1;
	}

	// Todos are sorted by their original insertion order.
	comparator(todo: Todo) {
		return todo.get('order');
	}

}

// Create our global collection of **Todos**.
var Todos = new TodoList();

// Todo Item View
// --------------

// The DOM element for a todo item...
class TodoView extends Backbone.View {

	// The TodoView listens for changes to its model, re-rendering. Since there's
	// a one-to-one correspondence between a **Todo** and a **TodoView** in this
	// app, we set a direct reference on the model for convenience.
	template: (data: any) => string;

	// A TodoView model must be a Todo, redeclare with specific type
	model: Todo;
	input: any;

	constructor (options? ) {
		//... is a list tag.
		this.tagName = 'li';

		// The DOM events specific to an item.
		this.events = {
			'click .check': 'toggleDone',
			'dblclick label.todo-content': 'edit',
			'click button.destroy': 'clear',
			'keypress .todo-input': 'updateOnEnter',
			'blur .todo-input': 'close'
		};

		super(options);

		// Cache the template function for a single item.
		this.template = _.template($('#item-template').html());

		_.bindAll(this, 'render', 'close', 'remove');
		this.model.bind('change', this.render);
		this.model.bind('destroy', this.remove);
	}
w
	// Re-render the contents of the todo item.
	render() {
		this.$el.html(this.template(this.model.toJSON()));
		this.input = this.$('.todo-input');
		return this;
	}

	// Toggle the `'done'` state of the model.
	toggleDone() {
		this.model.toggle();
	}

	// Switch this view into `'editing'` mode, displaying the input field.
	edit() {
		this.$el.addClass('editing');
		this.input.focus();
	}

	// Close the `'editing'` mode, saving changes to the todo.
	close() {
		this.model.save({ content: this.input.val() });
		this.$el.removeClass('editing');
	}

	// If you hit `enter`, we're through editing the item.
	updateOnEnter(e) {
		if (e.keyCode == 13) close();
	}

	// Remove the item, destroy the model.
	clear() {
		this.model.clear();
	}

}

// The Application
// ---------------

// Our overall **AppView** is the top-level piece of UI.
class AppView extends Backbone.View {

	// Delegated events for creating new items, and clearing completed ones.
	events = {
		'keypress #new-todo': 'createOnEnter',
		'click .todo-clear button': 'clearCompleted',
		'click .mark-all-done': 'toggleAllComplete'
	};

	input: any;
	allCheckbox: HTMLInputElement;
	statsTemplate: (params: any) => string;

	constructor () {
		super();
		// Instead of generating a new element, bind to the existing skeleton of
		// the App already present in the HTML.
		this.setElement($('#todoapp'), true);

		// At initialization we bind to the relevant events on the `Todos`
		// collection, when items are added or changed. Kick things off by
		// loading any preexisting todos that might be saved in *localStorage*.
		_.bindAll(this, 'addOne', 'addAll', 'render', 'toggleAllComplete');

		this.input = this.$('#new-todo');
		this.allCheckbox = this.$('.mark-all-done')[0];
		this.statsTemplate = _.template($('#stats-template').html());

		Todos.bind('add', this.addOne);
		Todos.bind('reset', this.addAll);
		Todos.bind('all', this.render);

		Todos.fetch();
	}

	// Re-rendering the App just means refreshing the statistics -- the rest
	// of the app doesn't change.
	render() {
		var done = Todos.done().length;
		var remaining = Todos.remaining().length;

		this.$('#todo-stats').html(this.statsTemplate({
			total: Todos.length,
			done: done,
			remaining: remaining
		}));

		this.allCheckbox.checked = !remaining;
	}

	// Add a single todo item to the list by creating a view for it, and
	// appending its element to the `<ul>`.
	addOne(todo) {
		var view = new TodoView({ model: todo });
		this.$('#todo-list').append(view.render().el);
	}

	// Add all items in the **Todos** collection at once.
	addAll() {
		Todos.each(this.addOne);
	}

	// Generate the attributes for a new Todo item.
	newAttributes() {
		return {
			content: this.input.val(),
			order: Todos.nextOrder(),
			done: false
		};
	}

	// If you hit return in the main input field, create new **Todo** model,
	// persisting it to *localStorage*.
	createOnEnter(e) {
		if (e.keyCode != 13) return;
		Todos.create(this.newAttributes());
		this.input.val('');
	}

	// Clear all done todo items, destroying their models.
	clearCompleted() {
		_.each(Todos.done(), (todo: Todo) => todo.clear());
		return false;
	}

	toggleAllComplete() {
		var done = this.allCheckbox.checked;
		Todos.each((todo: Todo) => todo.save({ 'done': done }));
	}

}

// Load the application once the DOM is ready, using `jQuery.ready`:
$(() => {
	// Finally, we kick things off by creating the **App**.
	new AppView();
});
