This reverts commit ae678317.

Revert the patch that removes the deprecated use of PG_private_2 in
netfslib for the moment as Ceph is actually still using this to track
data copied to the cache.

Fixes: ae678317 ("netfs: Remove deprecated use of PG_private_2 as a second writeback flag")
Reported-by: Max Kellermann <max.kellermann@ionos.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
cc: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
cc: netfs@lists.linux.dev
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
https: //lore.kernel.org/r/3575457.1722355300@warthog.procyon.org.uk
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

The explanatory comment above take_fd() contains a typo, fix that to not
confuse readers.
Signed-off-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@grsecurity.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240809135035.748109-1-minipli@grsecurity.netSigned-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

It's currently possible to create pidfds for kthreads but it is unclear
what that is supposed to mean. Until we have use-cases for it and we
figured out what behavior we want block the creation of pidfds for
kthreads.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240731-gleis-mehreinnahmen-6bbadd128383@brauner
Fixes: 32fcb426 ("pid: add pidfd_open()")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

Commit 6b8e61472529 ("netfs: Rename CONFIG_FSCACHE_DEBUG to
CONFIG_NETFS_DEBUG") renames the config, but introduces two issues: First,
NETFS_DEBUG mistakenly depends on the non-existing config NETFS, whereas
the actual intended config is called NETFS_SUPPORT. Second, the config
renaming misses to adjust the documentation of the functionality of this
config.

Clean up those two points.
Signed-off-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240731073902.69262-1-lukas.bulwahn@redhat.comSigned-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

After we switch tmpfs dir operations from simple_dir_operations to
simple_offset_dir_operations, every rename happened will fill new dentry
to dest dir's maple tree(&SHMEM_I(inode)->dir_offsets->mt) with a free
key starting with octx->newx_offset, and then set newx_offset equals to
free key + 1. This will lead to infinite readdir combine with rename
happened at the same time, which fail generic/736 in xfstests(detail show
as below).

1. create 5000 files(1 2 3...) under one dir
2. call readdir(man 3 readdir) once, and get one entry
3. rename(entry, "TEMPFILE"), then rename("TEMPFILE", entry)
4. loop 2~3, until readdir return nothing or we loop too many
   times(tmpfs break test with the second condition)

We choose the same logic what commit 9b378f6a ("btrfs: fix infinite
directory reads") to fix it, record the last_index when we open dir, and
do not emit the entry which index >= last_index. The file->private_data
now used in offset dir can use directly to do this, and we also update
the last_index when we llseek the dir file.

Fixes: a2e45955 ("shmem: stable directory offsets")
Signed-off-by: yangerkun <yangerkun@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240731043835.1828697-1-yangerkun@huawei.comReviewed-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
[brauner: only update last_index after seek when offset is zero like Jan suggested]
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

The kernel is writing an object of type __u64, so the ioctl has to be
defined to _IOR(NSIO, 0x5, __u64) instead of _IO(NSIO, 0x5).
Reported-by: Dmitry V. Levin <ldv@strace.io>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240730164554.GA18486@altlinux.orgSigned-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

This fixes a NULL pointer dereference bug due to a data race which
looks like this:

  BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000008
  #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI
  CPU: 33 PID: 16573 Comm: kworker/u97:799 Not tainted 6.8.7-cm4all1-hp+ #43
  Hardware name: HP ProLiant DL380 Gen9/ProLiant DL380 Gen9, BIOS P89 10/17/2018
  Workqueue: events_unbound netfs_rreq_write_to_cache_work
  RIP: 0010:cachefiles_prepare_write+0x30/0xa0
  Code: 57 41 56 45 89 ce 41 55 49 89 cd 41 54 49 89 d4 55 53 48 89 fb 48 83 ec 08 48 8b 47 08 48 83 7f 10 00 48 89 34 24 48 8b 68 20 <48> 8b 45 08 4c 8b 38 74 45 49 8b 7f 50 e8 4e a9 b0 ff 48 8b 73 10
  RSP: 0018:ffffb4e78113bde0 EFLAGS: 00010286
  RAX: ffff976126be6d10 RBX: ffff97615cdb8438 RCX: 0000000000020000
  RDX: ffff97605e6c4c68 RSI: ffff97605e6c4c60 RDI: ffff97615cdb8438
  RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000278333 R09: 0000000000000001
  R10: ffff97605e6c4600 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff97605e6c4c68
  R13: 0000000000020000 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: ffff976064fe2c00
  FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff9776dfd40000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
  CR2: 0000000000000008 CR3: 000000005942c002 CR4: 00000000001706f0
  Call Trace:
   <TASK>
   ? __die+0x1f/0x70
   ? page_fault_oops+0x15d/0x440
   ? search_module_extables+0xe/0x40
   ? fixup_exception+0x22/0x2f0
   ? exc_page_fault+0x5f/0x100
   ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30
   ? cachefiles_prepare_write+0x30/0xa0
   netfs_rreq_write_to_cache_work+0x135/0x2e0
   process_one_work+0x137/0x2c0
   worker_thread+0x2e9/0x400
   ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10
   kthread+0xcc/0x100
   ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
   ret_from_fork+0x30/0x50
   ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
   ret_from_fork_asm+0x1b/0x30
   </TASK>
  Modules linked in:
  CR2: 0000000000000008
  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---

This happened because fscache_cookie_state_machine() was slow and was
still running while another process invoked fscache_unuse_cookie();
this led to a fscache_cookie_lru_do_one() call, setting the
FSCACHE_COOKIE_DO_LRU_DISCARD flag, which was picked up by
fscache_cookie_state_machine(), withdrawing the cookie via
cachefiles_withdraw_cookie(), clearing cookie->cache_priv.

At the same time, yet another process invoked
cachefiles_prepare_write(), which found a NULL pointer in this code
line:

  struct cachefiles_object *object = cachefiles_cres_object(cres);

The next line crashes, obviously:

  struct cachefiles_cache *cache = object->volume->cache;

During cachefiles_prepare_write(), the "n_accesses" counter is
non-zero (via fscache_begin_operation()).  The cookie must not be
withdrawn until it drops to zero.

The counter is checked by fscache_cookie_state_machine() before
switching to FSCACHE_COOKIE_STATE_RELINQUISHING and
FSCACHE_COOKIE_STATE_WITHDRAWING (in "case
FSCACHE_COOKIE_STATE_FAILED"), but not for
FSCACHE_COOKIE_STATE_LRU_DISCARDING ("case
FSCACHE_COOKIE_STATE_ACTIVE").

This patch adds the missing check.  With a non-zero access counter,
the function returns and the next fscache_end_cookie_access() call
will queue another fscache_cookie_state_machine() call to handle the
still-pending FSCACHE_COOKIE_DO_LRU_DISCARD.

Fixes: 12bb21a2 ("fscache: Implement cookie user counting and resource pinning")
Signed-off-by: Max Kellermann <max.kellermann@ionos.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240729162002.3436763-2-dhowells@redhat.com
cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: netfs@lists.linux.dev
cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

When struct file_lease was split out from struct file_lock, the name of
the file_lock slab cache was copied to the new slab cache for
file_lease. This name conflict causes confusion in /proc/slabinfo and
/sys/kernel/slab. In particular, it caused failures in drgn's test case
for slab cache merging.

Link: https://github.com/osandov/drgn/blob/9ad29fd86499eb32847473e928b6540872d3d59a/tests/linux_kernel/helpers/test_slab.py#L81
Fixes: c69ff407 ("filelock: split leases out of struct file_lock")
Signed-off-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2d1d053da1cafb3e7940c4f25952da4f0af34e38.1722293276.git.osandov@fb.comReviewed-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

As in commit 4e527d58 ("iomap: fault in smaller chunks for non-large
folio mappings"), we can see a performance loss for filesystems
which have not yet been converted to large folios.

Fixes: c38f4e96 ("netfs: Provide func to copy data to pagecache for buffered write")
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240527201735.1898381-1-willy@infradead.orgReviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>

Merge tag 'kbuild-fixes-v6.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild

Pull Kbuild fixes from Masahiro Yamada:

 - Fix RPM package build error caused by an incorrect locale setup

 - Mark modules.weakdep as ghost in RPM package

 - Fix the odd combination of -S and -c in stack protector scripts,
   which is an error with the latest Clang

* tag 'kbuild-fixes-v6.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild:
  kbuild: Fix '-S -c' in x86 stack protector scripts
  kbuild: rpm-pkg: ghost modules.weakdep file
  kbuild: rpm-pkg: Fix C locale setup

This simplifies the min_t() and max_t() macros by no longer making them
work in the context of a C constant expression.

That means that you can no longer use them for static initializers or
for array sizes in type definitions, but there were only a couple of
such uses, and all of them were converted (famous last words) to use
MIN_T/MAX_T instead.

Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@aculab.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Commit 3a7e02c0 ("minmax: avoid overly complicated constant
expressions in VM code") added the simpler MIN_T/MAX_T macros in order
to avoid some excessive expansion from the rather complicated regular
min/max macros.

The complexity of those macros stems from two issues:

 (a) trying to use them in situations that require a C constant
     expression (in static initializers and for array sizes)

 (b) the type sanity checking

and MIN_T/MAX_T avoids both of these issues.

Now, in the whole (long) discussion about all this, it was pointed out
that the whole type sanity checking is entirely unnecessary for
min_t/max_t which get a fixed type that the comparison is done in.

But that still leaves min_t/max_t unnecessarily complicated due to
worries about the C constant expression case.

However, it turns out that there really aren't very many cases that use
min_t/max_t for this, and we can just force-convert those.

This does exactly that.

Which in turn will then allow for much simpler implementations of
min_t()/max_t().  All the usual "macros in all upper case will evaluate
the arguments multiple times" rules apply.

We should do all the same things for the regular min/max() vs MIN/MAX()
cases, but that has the added complexity of various drivers defining
their own local versions of MIN/MAX, so that needs another level of
fixes first.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/b47fad1d0cf8449886ad148f8c013dae@AcuMS.aculab.com/
Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@aculab.com>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Merge tag 'ubifs-for-linus-6.11-rc1-take2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rw/ubifs

Pull UBI and UBIFS updates from Richard Weinberger:

 - Many fixes for power-cut issues by Zhihao Cheng

 - Another ubiblock error path fix

 - ubiblock section mismatch fix

 - Misc fixes all over the place

* tag 'ubifs-for-linus-6.11-rc1-take2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rw/ubifs:
  ubi: Fix ubi_init() ubiblock_exit() section mismatch
  ubifs: add check for crypto_shash_tfm_digest
  ubifs: Fix inconsistent inode size when powercut happens during appendant writing
  ubi: block: fix null-pointer-dereference in ubiblock_create()
  ubifs: fix kernel-doc warnings
  ubifs: correct UBIFS_DFS_DIR_LEN macro definition and improve code clarity
  mtd: ubi: Restore missing cleanup on ubi_init() failure path
  ubifs: dbg_orphan_check: Fix missed key type checking
  ubifs: Fix unattached inode when powercut happens in creating
  ubifs: Fix space leak when powercut happens in linking tmpfile
  ubifs: Move ui->data initialization after initializing security
  ubifs: Fix adding orphan entry twice for the same inode
  ubifs: Remove insert_dead_orphan from replaying orphan process
  Revert "ubifs: ubifs_symlink: Fix memleak of inode->i_link in error path"
  ubifs: Don't add xattr inode into orphan area
  ubifs: Fix unattached xattr inode if powercut happens after deleting
  mtd: ubi: avoid expensive do_div() on 32-bit machines
  mtd: ubi: make ubi_class constant
  ubi: eba: properly rollback inside self_check_eba

After a recent change in clang to stop consuming all instances of '-S'
and '-c' [1], the stack protector scripts break due to the kernel's use
of -Werror=unused-command-line-argument to catch cases where flags are
not being properly consumed by the compiler driver:

  $ echo | clang -o - -x c - -S -c -Werror=unused-command-line-argument
  clang: error: argument unused during compilation: '-c' [-Werror,-Wunused-command-line-argument]

This results in CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR getting disabled because
CONFIG_CC_HAS_SANE_STACKPROTECTOR is no longer set.

'-c' and '-S' both instruct the compiler to stop at different stages of
the pipeline ('-S' after compiling, '-c' after assembling), so having
them present together in the same command makes little sense. In this
case, the test wants to stop before assembling because it is looking at
the textual assembly output of the compiler for either '%fs' or '%gs',
so remove '-c' from the list of arguments to resolve the error.

All versions of GCC continue to work after this change, along with
versions of clang that do or do not contain the change mentioned above.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 4f7fd4d7 ("[PATCH] Add the -fstack-protector option to the CFLAGS")
Fixes: 60a5317f ("x86: implement x86_32 stack protector")
Link: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/6461e537815f7fa68cef06842505353cf5600e9c [1]
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

Since ubiblock_exit() is now called from an init function,
the __exit section no longer makes sense.

Cc: Ben Hutchings <bwh@kernel.org>
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202407131403.wZJpd8n2-lkp@intel.com/Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Reviewed-by: Zhihao Cheng <chengzhihao1@huawei.com>

Pull turbostat updates from Len Brown:

 - Enable turbostat extensions to add both perf and PMT (Intel
   Platform Monitoring Technology) counters via the cmdline

 - Demonstrate PMT access with built-in support for Meteor Lake's
   Die C6 counter

* tag 'v6.11-merge' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lenb/linux:
  tools/power turbostat: version 2024.07.26
  tools/power turbostat: Include umask=%x in perf counter's config
  tools/power turbostat: Document PMT in turbostat.8
  tools/power turbostat: Add MTL's PMT DC6 builtin counter
  tools/power turbostat: Add early support for PMT counters
  tools/power turbostat: Add selftests for added perf counters
  tools/power turbostat: Add selftests for SMI, APERF and MPERF counters
  tools/power turbostat: Move verbose counter messages to level 2
  tools/power turbostat: Move debug prints from stdout to stderr
  tools/power turbostat: Fix typo in turbostat.8
  tools/power turbostat: Add perf added counter example to turbostat.8
  tools/power turbostat: Fix formatting in turbostat.8
  tools/power turbostat: Extend --add option with perf counters
  tools/power turbostat: Group SMI counter with APERF and MPERF
  tools/power turbostat: Add ZERO_ARRAY for zero initializing builtin array
  tools/power turbostat: Replace enum rapl_source and cstate_source with counter_source
  tools/power turbostat: Remove anonymous union from rapl_counter_info_t
  tools/power/turbostat: Switch to new Intel CPU model defines

Pull CXL updates from Dave Jiang:
 "Core:

   - A CXL maturity map has been added to the documentation to detail
     the current state of CXL enabling.

     It provides the status of the current state of various CXL features
     to inform current and future contributors of where things are and
     which areas need contribution.

   - A notifier handler has been added in order for a newly created CXL
     memory region to trigger the abstract distance metrics calculation.

     This should bring parity for CXL memory to the same level vs
     hotplugged DRAM for NUMA abstract distance calculation. The
     abstract distance reflects relative performance used for memory
     tiering handling.

   - An addition for XOR math has been added to address the CXL DPA to
     SPA translation.

     CXL address translation did not support address interleave math
     with XOR prior to this change.

  Fixes:

   - Fix to address race condition in the CXL memory hotplug notifier

   - Add missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() for CXL modules

   - Fix incorrect vendor debug UUID define

  Misc:

   - A warning has been added to inform users of an unsupported
     configuration when mixing CXL VH and RCH/RCD hierarchies

   - The ENXIO error code has been replaced with EBUSY for inject poison
     limit reached via debugfs and cxl-test support

   - Moving the PCI config read in cxl_dvsec_rr_decode() to avoid
     unnecessary PCI config reads

   - A refactor to a common struct for DRAM and general media CXL
     events"

* tag 'cxl-for-6.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/cxl/cxl:
  cxl/core/pci: Move reading of control register to immediately before usage
  cxl: Remove defunct code calculating host bridge target positions
  cxl/region: Verify target positions using the ordered target list
  cxl: Restore XOR'd position bits during address translation
  cxl/core: Fold cxl_trace_hpa() into cxl_dpa_to_hpa()
  cxl/test: Replace ENXIO with EBUSY for inject poison limit reached
  cxl/memdev: Replace ENXIO with EBUSY for inject poison limit reached
  cxl/acpi: Warn on mixed CXL VH and RCH/RCD Hierarchy
  cxl/core: Fix incorrect vendor debug UUID define
  Documentation: CXL Maturity Map
  cxl/region: Simplify cxl_region_nid()
  cxl/region: Support to calculate memory tier abstract distance
  cxl/region: Fix a race condition in memory hotplug notifier
  cxl: add missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macros
  cxl/events: Use a common struct for DRAM and General Media events

Pull unicode update from Gabriel Krisman Bertazi:
 "Two small fixes to silence the compiler and static analyzers tools
  from Ben Dooks and Jeff Johnson"

* tag 'unicode-next-6.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/krisman/unicode:
  unicode: add MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macros
  unicode: make utf8 test count static

In the same way as for other similar files, mark as ghost the new file
generated by depmod for configured weak dependencies for modules,
modules.weakdep, so that although it is not included in the package,
claim the ownership on it.
Signed-off-by: Jose Ignacio Tornos Martinez <jtornosm@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>

Pull more smb client updates from Steve French:

 - fix for potential null pointer use in init cifs

 - additional dynamic trace points to improve debugging of some common
   scenarios

 - two SMB1 fixes (one addressing reconnect with POSIX extensions, one a
   mount parsing error)

* tag '6.11-rc-smb-client-fixes-part2' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
  smb3: add dynamic trace point for session setup key expired failures
  smb3: add four dynamic tracepoints for copy_file_range and reflink
  smb3: add dynamic tracepoint for reflink errors
  cifs: mount with "unix" mount option for SMB1 incorrectly handled
  cifs: fix reconnect with SMB1 UNIX Extensions
  cifs: fix potential null pointer use in destroy_workqueue in init_cifs error path

Pull block fixes from Jens Axboe:

 - NVMe pull request via Keith:
     - Fix request without payloads cleanup  (Leon)
     - Use new protection information format (Francis)
     - Improved debug message for lost pci link (Bart)
     - Another apst quirk (Wang)
     - Use appropriate sysfs api for printing chars (Markus)

 - ublk async device deletion fix (Ming)

 - drbd kerneldoc fixups (Simon)

 - Fix deadlock between sd removal and release (Yang)

* tag 'block-6.11-20240726' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux:
  nvme-pci: add missing condition check for existence of mapped data
  ublk: fix UBLK_CMD_DEL_DEV_ASYNC handling
  block: fix deadlock between sd_remove & sd_release
  drbd: Add peer_device to Kernel doc
  nvme-core: choose PIF from QPIF if QPIFS supports and PIF is QTYPE
  nvme-pci: Fix the instructions for disabling power management
  nvme: remove redundant bdev local variable
  nvme-fabrics: Use seq_putc() in __nvmf_concat_opt_tokens()
  nvme/pci: Add APST quirk for Lenovo N60z laptop

Pull io_uring fixes from Jens Axboe:

 - Fix a syzbot issue for the msg ring cache added in this release. No
   ill effects from this one, but it did make KMSAN unhappy (me)

 - Sanitize the NAPI timeout handling, by unifying the value handling
   into all ktime_t rather than converting back and forth (Pavel)

 - Fail NAPI registration for IOPOLL rings, it's not supported (Pavel)

 - Fix a theoretical issue with ring polling and cancelations (Pavel)

 - Various little cleanups and fixes (Pavel)

* tag 'io_uring-6.11-20240726' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux:
  io_uring/napi: pass ktime to io_napi_adjust_timeout
  io_uring/napi: use ktime in busy polling
  io_uring/msg_ring: fix uninitialized use of target_req->flags
  io_uring: align iowq and task request error handling
  io_uring: kill REQ_F_CANCEL_SEQ
  io_uring: simplify io_uring_cmd return
  io_uring: fix io_match_task must_hold
  io_uring: don't allow netpolling with SETUP_IOPOLL
  io_uring: tighten task exit cancellations

Pull vfs fixes from Christian Brauner:
 "This contains two fixes for this merge window:

  VFS:

   - I noticed that it is possible for a privileged user to mount most
     filesystems with a non-initial user namespace in sb->s_user_ns.

     When fsopen() is called in a non-init namespace the caller's
     namespace is recorded in fs_context->user_ns. If the returned file
     descriptor is then passed to a process privileged in init_user_ns,
     that process can call fsconfig(fd_fs, FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE*),
     creating a new superblock with sb->s_user_ns set to the namespace
     of the process which called fsopen().

     This is problematic as only filesystems that raise FS_USERNS_MOUNT
     are known to be able to support a non-initial s_user_ns. Others may
     suffer security issues, on-disk corruption or outright crash the
     kernel. Prevent that by restricting such delegation to filesystems
     that allow FS_USERNS_MOUNT.

     Note, that this delegation requires a privileged process to
     actually create the superblock so either the privileged process is
     cooperaing or someone must have tricked a privileged process into
     operating on a fscontext file descriptor whose origin it doesn't
     know (a stupid idea).

     The bug dates back to about 5 years afaict.

  Misc:

   - Fix hostfs parsing when the mount request comes in via the legacy
     mount api.

     In the legacy mount api hostfs allows to specify the host directory
     mount without any key.

     Restore that behavior"

* tag 'vfs-6.11-rc1.fixes.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs:
  hostfs: fix the host directory parse when mounting.
  fs: don't allow non-init s_user_ns for filesystems without FS_USERNS_MOUNT

Pull Rust updates from Miguel Ojeda:
 "The highlight is the establishment of a minimum version for the Rust
  toolchain, including 'rustc' (and bundled tools) and 'bindgen'.

  The initial minimum will be the pinned version we currently have, i.e.
  we are just widening the allowed versions. That covers three stable
  Rust releases: 1.78.0, 1.79.0, 1.80.0 (getting released tomorrow),
  plus beta, plus nightly.

  This should already be enough for kernel developers in distributions
  that provide recent Rust compiler versions routinely, such as Arch
  Linux, Debian Unstable (outside the freeze period), Fedora Linux,
  Gentoo Linux (especially the testing channel), Nix (unstable) and
  openSUSE Slowroll and Tumbleweed.

  In addition, the kernel is now being built-tested by Rust's pre-merge
  CI. That is, every change that is attempting to land into the Rust
  compiler is tested against the kernel, and it is merged only if it
  passes. Similarly, the bindgen tool has agreed to build the kernel in
  their CI too.

  Thus, with the pre-merge CI in place, both projects hope to avoid
  unintentional changes to Rust that break the kernel. This means that,
  in general, apart from intentional changes on their side (that we will
  need to workaround conditionally on our side), the upcoming Rust
  compiler versions should generally work.

  In addition, the Rust project has proposed getting the kernel into
  stable Rust (at least solving the main blockers) as one of its three
  flagship goals for 2024H2 [1].

  I would like to thank Niko, Sid, Emilio et al. for their help
  promoting the collaboration between Rust and the kernel.

  Toolchain and infrastructure:

   - Support several Rust toolchain versions.

   - Support several bindgen versions.

   - Remove 'cargo' requirement and simplify 'rusttest', thanks to
     'alloc' having been dropped last cycle.

   - Provide proper error reporting for the 'rust-analyzer' target.

  'kernel' crate:

   - Add 'uaccess' module with a safe userspace pointers abstraction.

   - Add 'page' module with a 'struct page' abstraction.

   - Support more complex generics in workqueue's 'impl_has_work!'
     macro.

  'macros' crate:

   - Add 'firmware' field support to the 'module!' macro.

   - Improve 'module!' macro documentation.

  Documentation:

   - Provide instructions on what packages should be installed to build
     the kernel in some popular Linux distributions.

   - Introduce the new kernel.org LLVM+Rust toolchains.

   - Explain '#[no_std]'.

  And a few other small bits"

Link: https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-project-goals/2024h2/index.html#flagship-goals [1]

* tag 'rust-6.11' of https://github.com/Rust-for-Linux/linux: (26 commits)
  docs: rust: quick-start: add section on Linux distributions
  rust: warn about `bindgen` versions 0.66.0 and 0.66.1
  rust: start supporting several `bindgen` versions
  rust: work around `bindgen` 0.69.0 issue
  rust: avoid assuming a particular `bindgen` build
  rust: start supporting several compiler versions
  rust: simplify Clippy warning flags set
  rust: relax most deny-level lints to warnings
  rust: allow `dead_code` for never constructed bindings
  rust: init: simplify from `map_err` to `inspect_err`
  rust: macros: indent list item in `paste!`'s docs
  rust: add abstraction for `struct page`
  rust: uaccess: add typed accessors for userspace pointers
  uaccess: always export _copy_[from|to]_user with CONFIG_RUST
  rust: uaccess: add userspace pointers
  kbuild: rust-analyzer: improve comment documentation
  kbuild: rust-analyzer: better error handling
  docs: rust: no_std is used
  rust: alloc: add __GFP_HIGHMEM flag
  rust: alloc: fix typo in docs for GFP_NOWAIT
  ...

Merge tag 'apparmor-pr-2024-07-25' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jj/linux-apparmor

Pull apparmor updates from John Johansen:
 "Cleanups
   - optimization: try to avoid refing the label in apparmor_file_open
   - remove useless static inline function is_deleted
   - use kvfree_sensitive to free data->data
   - fix typo in kernel doc

  Bug fixes:
   - unpack transition table if dfa is not present
   - test: add MODULE_DESCRIPTION()
   - take nosymfollow flag into account
   - fix possible NULL pointer dereference
   - fix null pointer deref when receiving skb during sock creation"

* tag 'apparmor-pr-2024-07-25' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jj/linux-apparmor:
  apparmor: unpack transition table if dfa is not present
  apparmor: try to avoid refing the label in apparmor_file_open
  apparmor: test: add MODULE_DESCRIPTION()
  apparmor: take nosymfollow flag into account
  apparmor: fix possible NULL pointer dereference
  apparmor: fix typo in kernel doc
  apparmor: remove useless static inline function is_deleted
  apparmor: use kvfree_sensitive to free data->data
  apparmor: Fix null pointer deref when receiving skb during sock creation

Merge tag 'landlock-6.11-rc1-houdini-fix' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mic/linux

Pull landlock fix from Mickaël Salaün:
 "Jann Horn reported a sandbox bypass for Landlock. This includes the
  fix and new tests. This should be backported"

* tag 'landlock-6.11-rc1-houdini-fix' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mic/linux:
  selftests/landlock: Add cred_transfer test
  landlock: Don't lose track of restrictions on cred_transfer

Pull gpio fix from Bartosz Golaszewski:

 - don't use sprintf() with non-constant format string

* tag 'gpio-fixes-for-v6.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brgl/linux:
  gpio: virtuser: avoid non-constant format string

Pull more devicetree updates from Rob Herring:
 "Most of this is a treewide change to of_property_for_each_u32() which
  was small enough to do in one go before rc1 and avoids the need to
  create of_property_for_each_u32_some_new_name().

   - Treewide conversion of of_property_for_each_u32() to drop internal
     arguments making struct property opaque

   - Add binding for Amlogic A4 SoC watchdog

   - Fix constraints for AD7192 'single-channel' property"

* tag 'devicetree-fixes-for-6.11-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/robh/linux:
  dt-bindings: iio: adc: ad7192: Fix 'single-channel' constraints
  of: remove internal arguments from of_property_for_each_u32()
  dt-bindings: watchdog: add support for Amlogic A4 SoCs

Pull iommu fixes from Will Deacon:
 "We're still resolving a regression with the handling of unexpected
  page faults on SMMUv3, but we're not quite there with a fix yet.

   - Fix NULL dereference when freeing domain in Unisoc SPRD driver

   - Separate assignment statements with semicolons in AMD page-table
     code

   - Fix Tegra erratum workaround when the CPU is using 16KiB pages"

* tag 'iommu-fixes-v6.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/iommu/linux:
  iommu: arm-smmu: Fix Tegra workaround for PAGE_SIZE mappings
  iommu/amd: Convert comma to semicolon
  iommu: sprd: Avoid NULL deref in sprd_iommu_hw_en

Merge tag 'firewire-fixes-6.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ieee1394/linux1394

Pull firewire fixes from Takashi Sakamoto:
 "The recent integration of compiler collections introduced the
  technology to check flexible array length at runtime by providing
  proper annotations. In v6.10 kernel, a patch was merged into firewire
  subsystem to utilize it, however the annotation was inadequate.

  There is also the related change for the flexible array in sound
  subsystem, but it causes a regression where the data in the payload of
  isochronous packet is incorrect for some devices. These bugs are now
  fixed"

* tag 'firewire-fixes-6.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ieee1394/linux1394:
  ALSA: firewire-lib: fix wrong value as length of header for CIP_NO_HEADER case
  Revert "firewire: Annotate struct fw_iso_packet with __counted_by()"

Pull spi fixes from Mark Brown:
 "The bulk of this is a series of fixes for the microchip-core driver
  mostly originating from one of their customers, I also applied an
  additional patch adding support for controlling the word size which
  came along with it since it's still the merge window and clearly had a
  bunch of fairly thorough testing.

  We also have a fix for the compatible used to bind spidev to the
  BH2228FV"

* tag 'spi-fix-v6.11-merge-window' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/spi:
  spi: spidev: add correct compatible for Rohm BH2228FV
  dt-bindings: trivial-devices: fix Rohm BH2228FV compatible string
  spi: microchip-core: add support for word sizes of 1 to 32 bits
  spi: microchip-core: ensure TX and RX FIFOs are empty at start of a transfer
  spi: microchip-core: fix init function not setting the master and motorola modes
  spi: microchip-core: only disable SPI controller when register value change requires it
  spi: microchip-core: defer asserting chip select until just before write to TX FIFO
  spi: microchip-core: fix the issues in the isr

Merge tag 'regulator-fix-v6.11-merge-window' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/regulator

Pull regulator fixes from Mark Brown:
 "These two commits clean up the excessively loose dependencies for the
  RZG2L USB VBCTRL regulator driver, ensuring it shouldn't prompt for
  people who can't use it"

* tag 'regulator-fix-v6.11-merge-window' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/regulator:
  regulator: Further restrict RZG2L USB VBCTRL regulator dependencies
  regulator: renesas-usb-vbus-regulator: Update the default

Merge tag 'regmap-fix-v6.11-merge-window' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/regmap

Pull regmap fix from Mark Brown:
 "Arnd sent a workaround for a false positive warning which was showing
  up with GCC 14.1"

* tag 'regmap-fix-v6.11-merge-window' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/broonie/regmap:
  regmap: maple: work around gcc-14.1 false-positive warning

Pull clk fixes from Stephen Boyd:
 "A few clk driver fixes for the merge window to fix the build and boot
  on some SoCs.

   - Initialize struct clk_init_data in the TI da8xx-cfgchip driver so
     that stack contents aren't used for things like clk flags leading
     to unexpected behavior

   - Don't leak stack contents in a debug print in the new Sophgo clk
     driver

   - Disable the new T-Head clk driver on 32-bit targets to fix the
     build due to a division

   - Fix Samsung Exynos4 fin_pll wreckage from the clkdev rework done
     last cycle by using a struct clk_hw directly instead of a struct
     clk consumer"

* tag 'clk-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/clk/linux:
  clk: samsung: fix getting Exynos4 fin_pll rate from external clocks
  clk: T-Head: Disable on 32-bit Targets
  clk: sophgo: clk-sg2042-pll: Fix uninitialized variable in debug output
  clk: davinci: da8xx-cfgchip: Initialize clk_init_data before use

Pull i3c updates from Alexandre Belloni:
 "This cycle, there are new features for the Designware controller and
  fixes for the other IPs:

   - dw: optional apb clock and power management support, IBI handling
     fixes

   - mipi-i3c-hci: IBI handling fixes

   - svc: a few fixes"

* tag 'i3c/for-6.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/i3c/linux:
  dt-bindings: i3c: add header for generic I3C flags
  i3c: master: svc: Fix error code in svc_i3c_master_do_daa_locked()
  i3c: master: Enhance i3c_bus_type visibility for device searching & event monitoring
  i3c: dw: Add power management support
  i3c: dw: Add some functions for reusability
  i3c: dw: Save timing registers and other values
  i3c: master: svc: Improve DAA STOP handle code logic
  i3c: dw: Add optional apb clock
  i3c: dw: Use new *_enabled clk API
  dt-bindings: i3c: dw: Add apb clock binding
  i3c: master: svc: Convert comma to semicolon
  i3c: mipi-i3c-hci: Round IBI data chunk size to HW supported value
  i3c: mipi-i3c-hci: Error out instead on BUG_ON() in IBI DMA setup
  i3c: mipi-i3c-hci: Set IBI Status and Data Ring base addresses
  i3c: mipi-i3c-hci: Switch to lower_32_bits()/upper_32_bits() helpers
  i3c: dw: Remove ibi_capable property
  i3c: dw: Fix IBI intr programming
  i3c: dw: Fix clearing queue thld
  i3c: mipi-i3c-hci: Fix number of DAT/DCT entries for HCI versions < 1.1
  i3c: master: svc: resend target address when get NACK

Pull thermal control fix from Rafael Wysocki:
 "Prevent the thermal core from flooding the kernel log with useless
  messages if thermal zone temperature can never be determined (or its
  sensor has failed permanently) and make it finally give up and disable
  defective thermal zones (Rafael Wysocki)"

* tag 'thermal-6.11-rc1-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/linux-pm:
  thermal: core: Back off when polling thermal zones on errors
  thermal: trip: Split thermal_zone_device_set_mode()

Merge tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2024-07-26-14-33' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

Pull misc hotfixes from Andrew Morton:
 "11 hotfixes, 7 of which are cc:stable.  7 are MM, 4 are other"

* tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2024-07-26-14-33' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm:
  nilfs2: handle inconsistent state in nilfs_btnode_create_block()
  selftests/mm: skip test for non-LPA2 and non-LVA systems
  mm/page_alloc: fix pcp->count race between drain_pages_zone() vs __rmqueue_pcplist()
  mm: memcg: add cacheline padding after lruvec in mem_cgroup_per_node
  alloc_tag: outline and export free_reserved_page()
  decompress_bunzip2: fix rare decompression failure
  mm/huge_memory: avoid PMD-size page cache if needed
  mm: huge_memory: use !CONFIG_64BIT to relax huge page alignment on 32 bit machines
  mm: fix old/young bit handling in the faulting path
  dt-bindings: arm: update James Clark's email address
  MAINTAINERS: mailmap: update James Clark's email address

Pull timer migration updates from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Fixes and minor updates for the timer migration code:

   - Stop testing the group->parent pointer as it is not guaranteed to
     be stable over a chain of operations by design.

     This includes a warning which would be nice to have but it produces
     false positives due to the racy nature of the check.

   - Plug a race between CPUs going in and out of idle and a CPU hotplug
     operation. The latter can create and connect a new hierarchy level
     which is missed in the concurrent updates of CPUs which go into
     idle. As a result the events of such a CPU might not be processed
     and timers go stale.

     Cure it by splitting the hotplug operation into a prepare and
     online callback. The prepare callback is guaranteed to run on an
     online and therefore active CPU. This CPU updates the hierarchy and
     being online ensures that there is always at least one migrator
     active which handles the modified hierarchy correctly when going
     idle. The online callback which runs on the incoming CPU then just
     marks the CPU active and brings it into operation.

   - Improve tracing and polish the code further so it is more obvious
     what's going on"

* tag 'timers-urgent-2024-07-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  timers/migration: Fix grammar in comment
  timers/migration: Spare write when nothing changed
  timers/migration: Rename childmask by groupmask to make naming more obvious
  timers/migration: Read childmask and parent pointer in a single place
  timers/migration: Use a single struct for hierarchy walk data
  timers/migration: Improve tracing
  timers/migration: Move hierarchy setup into cpuhotplug prepare callback
  timers/migration: Do not rely always on group->parent

Pull more RISC-V updates from Palmer Dabbelt:

 - Support for NUMA (via SRAT and SLIT), console output (via SPCR), and
   cache info (via PPTT) on ACPI-based systems.

 - The trap entry/exit code no longer breaks the return address stack
   predictor on many systems, which results in an improvement to trap
   latency.

 - Support for HAVE_ARCH_STACKLEAK.

 - The sv39 linear map has been extended to support 128GiB mappings.

 - The frequency of the mtime CSR is now visible via hwprobe.

* tag 'riscv-for-linus-6.11-mw2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux: (21 commits)
  RISC-V: Provide the frequency of time CSR via hwprobe
  riscv: Extend sv39 linear mapping max size to 128G
  riscv: enable HAVE_ARCH_STACKLEAK
  riscv: signal: Remove unlikely() from WARN_ON() condition
  riscv: Improve exception and system call latency
  RISC-V: Select ACPI PPTT drivers
  riscv: cacheinfo: initialize cacheinfo's level and type from ACPI PPTT
  riscv: cacheinfo: remove the useless input parameter (node) of ci_leaf_init()
  RISC-V: ACPI: Enable SPCR table for console output on RISC-V
  riscv: boot: remove duplicated targets line
  trace: riscv: Remove deprecated kprobe on ftrace support
  riscv: cpufeature: Extract common elements from extension checking
  riscv: Introduce vendor variants of extension helpers
  riscv: Add vendor extensions to /proc/cpuinfo
  riscv: Extend cpufeature.c to detect vendor extensions
  RISC-V: run savedefconfig for defconfig
  RISC-V: hwprobe: sort EXT_KEY()s in hwprobe_isa_ext0() alphabetically
  ACPI: NUMA: replace pr_info with pr_debug in arch_acpi_numa_init
  ACPI: NUMA: change the ACPI_NUMA to a hidden option
  ACPI: NUMA: Add handler for SRAT RINTC affinity structure
  ...