Cleanup code/data sections definitions
accordingly to include/linux/init.h.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Kiper <dkiper@net-space.pl>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Cleanup code/data sections definitions
accordingly to include/linux/init.h.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Kiper <dkiper@net-space.pl>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Cleanup code/data sections definitions
accordingly to include/linux/init.h.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Kiper <dkiper@net-space.pl>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Various merges over time have led to rather a mish-mash of indentation.
Signed-off-by: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@citrix.com>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
Cc: xen-devel@lists.xensource.com
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

* 'stable/bug-fixes-for-rc7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/konrad/xen:
  x86/mm: Fix section mismatch derived from native_pagetable_reserve()
  x86,xen: introduce x86_init.mapping.pagetable_reserve
  Revert "xen/mmu: Add workaround "x86-64, mm: Put early page table high""

This reverts commit 49183b28.

Quoth Franz Melchior:

  "This patch introduces a bug on my infamous "Acer Travelmate
   5735Z-452G32Mnss": when KMS takes over, the frame buffer contents get
   completely garbled up on screen, with colored stripes and unreadable
   text (photo on request).  Only when X11 is started, the screen gets
   restored again.  Closing and re-opening the lid partly cures the
   mess, too: it makes the font readable, though horizontally stretched."
Acked-by: Keith Packard <keithp@keithp.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

* fbmem:
  fbmem: make read/write/ioctl use the frame buffer at open time
  fbcon: add lifetime refcount to opened frame buffers

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dtor/input:
  Input: ads7846 - remove unused variable from struct ads7845_ser_req
  Input: ads7846 - make transfer buffers DMA safe

With CONFIG_DEBUG_SECTION_MISMATCH=y I see these warnings in next-20110415:

  LD      vmlinux.o
  MODPOST vmlinux.o
WARNING: vmlinux.o(.text+0x1ba48): Section mismatch in reference from the function native_pagetable_reserve() to the function .init.text:memblock_x86_reserve_range()
The function native_pagetable_reserve() references
the function __init memblock_x86_reserve_range().
This is often because native_pagetable_reserve lacks a __init
annotation or the annotation of memblock_x86_reserve_range is wrong.

This patch fixes the issue.
Thanks to pipacs from PaX project for help on IRC.
Acked-by: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

Introduce a new x86_init hook called pagetable_reserve that at the end
of init_memory_mapping is used to reserve a range of memory addresses for
the kernel pagetable pages we used and free the other ones.

On native it just calls memblock_x86_reserve_range while on xen it also
takes care of setting the spare memory previously allocated
for kernel pagetable pages from RO to RW, so that it can be used for
other purposes.

A detailed explanation of the reason why this hook is needed follows.

As a consequence of the commit:

commit 4b239f45
Author: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Date:   Fri Dec 17 16:58:28 2010 -0800

    x86-64, mm: Put early page table high

at some point init_memory_mapping is going to reach the pagetable pages
area and map those pages too (mapping them as normal memory that falls
in the range of addresses passed to init_memory_mapping as argument).
Some of those pages are already pagetable pages (they are in the range
pgt_buf_start-pgt_buf_end) therefore they are going to be mapped RO and
everything is fine.
Some of these pages are not pagetable pages yet (they fall in the range
pgt_buf_end-pgt_buf_top; for example the page at pgt_buf_end) so they
are going to be mapped RW.  When these pages become pagetable pages and
are hooked into the pagetable, xen will find that the guest has already
a RW mapping of them somewhere and fail the operation.
The reason Xen requires pagetables to be RO is that the hypervisor needs
to verify that the pagetables are valid before using them. The validation
operations are called "pinning" (more details in arch/x86/xen/mmu.c).

In order to fix the issue we mark all the pages in the entire range
pgt_buf_start-pgt_buf_top as RO, however when the pagetable allocation
is completed only the range pgt_buf_start-pgt_buf_end is reserved by
init_memory_mapping. Hence the kernel is going to crash as soon as one
of the pages in the range pgt_buf_end-pgt_buf_top is reused (b/c those
ranges are RO).

For this reason we need a hook to reserve the kernel pagetable pages we
used and free the other ones so that they can be reused for other
purposes.
On native it just means calling memblock_x86_reserve_range, on Xen it
also means marking RW the pagetable pages that we allocated before but
that haven't been used before.

Another way to fix this is without using the hook is by adding a 'if
(xen_pv_domain)' in the 'init_memory_mapping' code and calling the Xen
counterpart, but that is just nasty.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Stabellini <stefano.stabellini@eu.citrix.com>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

This reverts commit a3864783.

It does not work with certain AMD machines.

last_pfn = 0x100000 max_arch_pfn = 0x400000000
initial memory mapped : 0 - 02c3a000
Base memory trampoline at [ffff88000009b000] 9b000 size 20480
init_memory_mapping: 0000000000000000-0000000100000000
 0000000000 - 0100000000 page 4k
kernel direct mapping tables up to 100000000 @ ff7fb000-100000000
init_memory_mapping: 0000000100000000-00000001e0800000
 0100000000 - 01e0800000 page 4k
kernel direct mapping tables up to 1e0800000 @ 1df0f3000-1e0000000
xen: setting RW the range fffdc000 - 100000000
RAMDISK: 0203b000 - 02c3a000
No NUMA configuration found
Faking a node at 0000000000000000-00000001e0800000
NUMA: Using 63 for the hash shift.
Initmem setup node 0 0000000000000000-00000001e0800000
  NODE_DATA [00000001dfffb000 - 00000001dfffffff]
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at           (null)
IP: [<ffffffff81cf6a75>] setup_node_bootmem+0x18a/0x1ea
PGD 0
Oops: 0003 [#1] SMP
last sysfs file:
CPU 0
Modules linked in:

Pid: 0, comm: swapper Not tainted 2.6.39-0-virtual #6~smb1
RIP: e030:[<ffffffff81cf6a75>]  [<ffffffff81cf6a75>] setup_node_bootmem+0x18a/0x1ea
RSP: e02b:ffffffff81c01e38  EFLAGS: 00010046
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 00000001e0800000 RCX: 0000000000001040
RDX: 0000000000004100 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff8801dfffb000
RBP: ffffffff81c01e58 R08: 0000000000000020 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000bfe400
FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffffffff81cca000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  e033 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 0000000001c03000 CR4: 0000000000000660
DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
Process swapper (pid: 0, threadinfo ffffffff81c00000, task ffffffff81c0b020)
Stack:
 0000000000000040 0000000000000001 0000000000000000 ffffffffffffffff
 ffffffff81c01e88 ffffffff81cf6c25 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
 ffffffff81cf687f 0000000000000000 ffffffff81c01ea8 ffffffff81cf6e45
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff81cf6c25>] numa_register_memblks.constprop.3+0x150/0x181
 [<ffffffff81cf687f>] ? numa_add_memblk+0x7c/0x7c
 [<ffffffff81cf6e45>] numa_init.part.2+0x1c/0x7c
 [<ffffffff81cf687f>] ? numa_add_memblk+0x7c/0x7c
 [<ffffffff81cf6f67>] numa_init+0x6c/0x70
 [<ffffffff81cf7057>] initmem_init+0x39/0x3b
 [<ffffffff81ce5865>] setup_arch+0x64e/0x769
 [<ffffffff815e43c1>] ? printk+0x51/0x53
 [<ffffffff81cdf92b>] start_kernel+0xd4/0x3f3
 [<ffffffff81cdf388>] x86_64_start_reservations+0x132/0x136
 [<ffffffff81ce2ed4>] xen_start_kernel+0x588/0x58f
Code: 41 00 00 48 8b 3c c5 a0 24 cc 81 31 c0 40 f6 c7 01 74 05 aa 66 ba ff 40 40 f6 c7 02 74 05 66 ab 83 ea 02 89 d1 c1 e9 02 f6 c2 02 <f3> ab 74 02 66 ab 80 e2 01 74 01 aa 49 63 c4 48 c1 eb 0c 44 89
RIP  [<ffffffff81cf6a75>] setup_node_bootmem+0x18a/0x1ea
 RSP <ffffffff81c01e38>
CR2: 0000000000000000
---[ end trace a7919e7f17c0a725 ]---
Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill the idle task!
Pid: 0, comm: swapper Tainted: G      D     2.6.39-0-virtual #6~smb1
Reported-by: Stefan Bader <stefan.bader@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/fuse:
  fuse: fix oops in revalidate when called with NULL nameidata

* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/sparc-2.6:
  sparc32: Fixed unaligned memory copying in function __csum_partial_copy_sparc_generic
  sparc32: fix sparcstation 5 boot
  sparc32: fix section mismatch warnings in apc, pmc and time_32

* 'fixes' of master.kernel.org:/home/rmk/linux-2.6-arm:
  ARM: 6870/1: The mandatory barrier rmb() must be a dsb() in for device accesses
  ARM: 6892/1: handle ptrace requests to change PC during interrupted system calls
  ARM: 6890/1: memmap: only free allocated memmap entries when using SPARSEMEM
  ARM: zImage: the page table memory must be considered before relocation
  ARM: zImage: make sure not to relocate on top of the relocation code
  ARM: zImage: Fix bad SP address after relocating kernel
  ARM: zImage: make sure the stack is 64-bit aligned
  ARM: RiscPC: acornfb: fix section mismatches
  ARM: RiscPC: etherh: fix section mismatches

read/write/ioctl on a fbcon file descriptor has traditionally used the
fbcon not when it was opened, but as it was at the time of the call.
That makes no sense, but the lack of sense is much more obvious now that
we properly ref-count the usage - it means that the ref-counting doesn't
actually protect operations we do on the frame buffer.

This changes it to look at the fb_info that we got at open time, but in
order to avoid using a frame buffer long after it has been unregistered,
we do verify that it is still current, and return -ENODEV if not.
Acked-by: Tim Gardner <tim.gardner@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Daniel J Blueman <daniel.blueman@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Anca Emanuel <anca.emanuel@gmail.com>
Cc: Bruno Prémont <bonbons@linux-vserver.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <andy.whitcroft@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This just adds the refcount and the new registration lock logic.  It
does not (for example) actually change the read/write/ioctl routines to
actually use the frame buffer that was opened: those function still end
up alway susing whatever the current frame buffer is at the time of the
call.

Without this, if something holds the frame buffer open over a
framebuffer switch, the close() operation after the switch will access a
fb_info that has been free'd by the unregistering of the old frame
buffer.

(The read/write/ioctl operations will normally not cause problems,
because they will - illogically - pick up the new fbcon instead.  But a
switch that happens just as one of those is going on might see problems
too, the window is just much smaller: one individual op rather than the
whole open-close sequence.)

This use-after-free is apparently fairly easily triggered by the Ubuntu
11.04 boot sequence.
Acked-by: Tim Gardner <tim.gardner@canonical.com>
Tested-by: Daniel J Blueman <daniel.blueman@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Anca Emanuel <anca.emanuel@gmail.com>
Cc: Bruno Prémont <bonbons@linux-vserver.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <andy.whitcroft@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Since mandatory barriers may be used (explicitly or implicitly via readl
etc.) to ensure the ordering between Device and Normal memory accesses,
a DMB is not enough. This patch converts it to a DSB.

Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>

GDB's interrupt.exp test cases currenly fail on ARM.  The problem is how do_signal
handled restarting interrupted system calls:

The entry.S assembler code determines that we come from a system call; and that
information is passed as "syscall" parameter to do_signal.  That routine then
calls get_signal_to_deliver [*] and if a signal is to be delivered, calls into
handle_signal.  If a system call is to be restarted either after the signal
handler returns, or if no handler is to be called in the first place, the PC
is updated after the get_signal_to_deliver call, either in handle_signal (if
we have a handler) or at the end of do_signal (otherwise).

Now the problem is that during [*], the call to get_signal_to_deliver, a ptrace
intercept may happen.  During this intercept, the debugger may change registers,
including the PC.  This is done by GDB if it wants to execute an "inferior call",
i.e. the execution of some code in the debugged program triggered by GDB.

To this purpose, GDB will save all registers, allocate a stack frame, set up
PC and arguments as appropriate for the call, and point the link register to
a dummy breakpoint instruction.  Once the process is restarted, it will execute
the call and then trap back to the debugger, at which point GDB will restore
all registers and continue original execution.

This generally works fine.  However, now consider what happens when GDB attempts
to do exactly that while the process was interrupted during execution of a to-be-
restarted system call:  do_signal is called with the syscall flag set; it calls
get_signal_to_deliver, at which point the debugger takes over and changes the PC
to point to a completely different place.  Now get_signal_to_deliver returns
without a signal to deliver; but now do_signal decides it should be restarting
a system call, and decrements the PC by 2 or 4 -- so it now points to 2 or 4
bytes before the function GDB wants to call -- which leads to a subsequent crash.

To fix this problem, two things need to be supported:
- do_signal must be able to recognize that get_signal_to_deliver changed the PC
  to a different location, and skip the restart-syscall sequence
- once the debugger has restored all registers at the end of the inferior call
  sequence, do_signal must recognize that *now* it needs to restart the pending
  system call, even though it was now entered from a breakpoint instead of an
  actual svc instruction

This set of issues is solved on other platforms, usually by one of two
mechanisms:

- The status information "do_signal is handling a system call that may need
  restarting" is itself carried in some register that can be accessed via
  ptrace.  This is e.g. on Intel the "orig_eax" register; on Sparc the kernel
  defines a magic extra bit in the flags register for this purpose.
  This allows GDB to manage that state: reset it when doing an inferior call,
  and restore it after the call is finished.

- On s390, do_signal transparently handles this problem without requiring
  GDB interaction, by performing system call restarting in the following
  way: first, adjust the PC as necessary for restarting the call.  Then,
  call get_signal_to_deliver; and finally just continue execution at the
  PC.  This way, if GDB does not change the PC, everything is as before.
  If GDB *does* change the PC, execution will simply continue there --
  and once GDB restores the PC it saved at that point, it will automatically
  point to the *restarted* system call.  (There is the minor twist how to
  handle system calls that do *not* need restarting -- do_signal will undo
  the PC change in this case, after get_signal_to_deliver has returned, and
  only if ptrace did not change the PC during that call.)

Because there does not appear to be any obvious register to carry the
syscall-restart information on ARM, we'd either have to introduce a new
artificial ptrace register just for that purpose, or else handle the issue
transparently like on s390.  The patch below implements the second option;
using this patch makes the interrupt.exp test cases pass on ARM, with no
regression in the GDB test suite otherwise.

Cc: patches@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Weigand <ulrich.weigand@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd.bergmann@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>

The SPARSEMEM code allocates memmap entries only for sections which are
present (i.e. those which contain some valid memory). The membank checks
in free_unused_memmap do not take this into account and can incorrectly
attempt to free memory which is not allocated, resulting in a BUG() in
the bootmem code.

However, if memory is configured as follows:

    |<----section---->|<----hole---->|<----section---->|
    +--------+--------+--------------+--------+--------+
    | bank 0 | unused |              | bank 1 | unused |
    +--------+--------+--------------+--------+--------+

where a bank only occupies part of a section, the memmap allocated for
the remainder of the section *can* be freed.

This patch modifies the checks in free_unused_memmap so that only valid
memmap entries are considered for removal.
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>

When we are in the label cc_dword_align, registers %o0 and %o1 have the same last 2 bits,
but it's not guaranteed one of them is zero. So we can get unaligned memory access
in label ccte. Example of parameters which lead to this:
%o0=0x7ff183e9, %o1=0x8e709e7d, %g1=3

With the parameters I had a memory corruption, when the additional 5 bytes were rewritten.
This patch corrects the error.

One comment to the patch. We don't care about the third bit in %o1, because cc_end_cruft
stores word or less.
Signed-off-by: Tkhai Kirill <tkhai@yandex.ru>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sage/ceph-client:
  ceph: do not use i_wrbuffer_ref as refcount for Fb cap
  ceph: fix list_add in ceph_put_snap_realm
  ceph: print debug message before put mds session

* 'drm-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/airlied/drm-2.6:
  drm/radeon/nouveau: fix build regression on alpha due to Xen changes.
  drm/radeon/kms: fix cayman acceleration
  drm/radeon: fix cayman struct accessors.

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sameo/mfd-2.6:
  mfd: Fix for the TWL4030 PM sleep/wakeup sequence
  mfd: Fix asic3 build error
  mfd: Fixed gpio polarity of omap-usb gpio USB-phy reset

* 'for-linus' of git://git390.marist.edu/pub/scm/linux-2.6:
  [S390] fix alloc_pgste check in init_new_context
  [S390] oprofile: fix min/max interval query checks
  [S390] replace diag10() with diag10_range() function
  [S390] disassembler: handle b280/spp instruction
  [S390] kernel: Initialize register 14 when starting new CPU
  [S390] dasd: prevent IO error during reserve/release loop
  [S390] sclp/memory hotplug: fix initial usecount of increments

This reverts commit f21ca5ff.

Quoth Gustavo F. Padovan:
  "Commit f21ca5ff can cause a NULL
   dereference if we call shutdown in a bluetooth SCO socket and doesn't
   wait the shutdown completion to call close().  Please revert it.  I
   may have a fix for it soon, but we don't have time anymore, so revert
   is the way to go.  ;)"
Requested-by: Gustavo F. Padovan <padovan@profusion.mobi>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

* 'pm-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rafael/suspend-2.6:
  PM / Hibernate: Fix ioctl SNAPSHOT_S2RAM
  PM / Hibernate: Make snapshot_release() restore GFP mask
  PM: Fix warning in pm_restrict_gfp_mask() during SNAPSHOT_S2RAM ioctl

include/linux/gfp.h and include/trace/events/gfpflags.h are out of sync.
When tracing is enabled, certain flags are not recognised and the text
output is less useful as a result.  Add the missing flags.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Testing the shmem_swaplist replacements for igrab() revealed another bug:
writes to /dev/loop0 on a tmpfs file which fills its filesystem were
sometimes failing with "Buffer I/O error"s.

These came from ENOSPC failures of shmem_getpage(), when racing with
swapoff: the same could happen when racing with another shmem_getpage(),
pulling the page in from swap in between our find_lock_page() and our
taking the info->lock (though not in the single-threaded loop case).

This is unacceptable, and surprising that I've not noticed it before:
it dates back many years, but (presumably) was made a lot easier to
reproduce in 2.6.36, which sited a page preallocation in the race window.

Fix it by rechecking the page cache before settling on an ENOSPC error.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The use of igrab() in swapoff's shmem_unuse_inode() is just as vulnerable
to umount as that in shmem_writepage().

Fix this instance by extending the protection of shmem_swaplist_mutex
right across shmem_unuse_inode(): while it's on the list, the inode cannot
be evicted (and the filesystem cannot be unmounted) without
shmem_evict_inode() taking that mutex to remove it from the list.

But since shmem_writepage() might take that mutex, we should avoid making
memory allocations or memcg charges while holding it: prepare them at the
outer level in shmem_unuse().  When mem_cgroup_cache_charge() was
originally placed, we didn't know until that point that the page from swap
was actually a shmem page; but nowadays it's noted in the swap_map, so
we're safe to charge upfront.  For the radix_tree, do as is done in
shmem_getpage(): preload upfront, but don't pin to the cpu; so we make a
habit of refreshing the node pool, but might dip into GFP_NOWAIT reserves
on occasion if subsequently preempted.

With the allocation and charge moved out from shmem_unuse_inode(),
we can also hold index map and info->lock over from finding the entry.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Konstanin Khlebnikov reports that a dangerous race between umount and
shmem_writepage can be reproduced by this script:

  for i in {1..300} ; do
	mkdir $i
	while true ; do
		mount -t tmpfs none $i
		dd if=/dev/zero of=$i/test bs=1M count=$(($RANDOM % 100))
		umount $i
	done &
  done

on a 6xCPU node with 8Gb RAM: kernel very unstable after this accident. =)

Kernel log:

  VFS: Busy inodes after unmount of tmpfs.
                 Self-destruct in 5 seconds.  Have a nice day...

  WARNING: at lib/list_debug.c:53 __list_del_entry+0x8d/0x98()
  list_del corruption. prev->next should be ffff880222fdaac8, but was (null)
  Pid: 11222, comm: mount.tmpfs Not tainted 2.6.39-rc2+ #4
  Call Trace:
   warn_slowpath_common+0x80/0x98
   warn_slowpath_fmt+0x41/0x43
   __list_del_entry+0x8d/0x98
   evict+0x50/0x113
   iput+0x138/0x141
  ...
  BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at ffffffffffffffff
  IP: shmem_free_blocks+0x18/0x4c
  Pid: 10422, comm: dd Tainted: G        W   2.6.39-rc2+ #4
  Call Trace:
   shmem_recalc_inode+0x61/0x66
   shmem_writepage+0xba/0x1dc
   pageout+0x13c/0x24c
   shrink_page_list+0x28e/0x4be
   shrink_inactive_list+0x21f/0x382
  ...

shmem_writepage() calls igrab() on the inode for the page which came from
page reclaim, to add it later into shmem_swaplist for swapoff operation.

This igrab() can race with super-block deactivating process:

  shrink_inactive_list()          deactivate_super()
  pageout()                       tmpfs_fs_type->kill_sb()
  shmem_writepage()               kill_litter_super()
                                  generic_shutdown_super()
                                   evict_inodes()
   igrab()
                                    atomic_read(&inode->i_count)
                                     skip-inode
   iput()
                                   if (!list_empty(&sb->s_inodes))
                                          printk("VFS: Busy inodes after...

This igrap-iput pair was added in commit 1b1b32f2 "tmpfs: fix
shmem_swaplist races" based on incorrect assumptions: igrab() protects the
inode from concurrent eviction by deletion, but it does nothing to protect
it from concurrent unmounting, which goes ahead despite the raised
i_count.

So this use of igrab() was wrong all along, but the race made much worse
in 2.6.37 when commit 63997e98 "split invalidate_inodes()" replaced
two attempts at invalidate_inodes() by a single evict_inodes().

Konstantin posted a plausible patch, raising sb->s_active too: I'm unsure
whether it was correct or not; but burnt once by igrab(), I am sure that
we don't want to rely more deeply upon externals here.

Fix it by adding the inode to shmem_swaplist earlier, while the page lock
on page in page cache still secures the inode against eviction, without
artifically raising i_count.  It was originally added later because
shmem_unuse_inode() is liable to remove an inode from the list while it's
unswapped; but we can guard against that by taking spinlock before
dropping mutex.
Reported-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Tested-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Commit dde79e00 ("page_cgroup: reduce allocation overhead for
page_cgroup array for CONFIG_SPARSEMEM") added a regression that the
memory cgroup data structures all end up in node 0 because the first
attempt at allocating them would not pass in a node hint.  Since the
initialization runs on CPU #0 it would all end up node 0.  This is a
problem on large memory systems, where node 0 would lose a lot of
memory.

Change the alloc_pages_exact() to alloc_pages_exact_nid().  This will
still fall back to other nodes if not enough memory is available.

 [ RED-PEN: right now it would fall back first before trying
   vmalloc_node.  Probably not the best strategy ...  But I left it like
   that for now. ]
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Doug Nelson
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add a alloc_pages_exact_nid() that allocates on a specific node.

The naming is quite broken, but fixing that would need a larger renaming
action.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak comment]
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Take alphabetical orders for MAINTAINERS file.
Signed-off-by: Harry Wei <harryxiyou@gmail.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Stefan found nobootmem does not work on his system that has only 8M of
RAM.  This causes an early panic:

  BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
   BIOS-88: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009f000 (usable)
   BIOS-88: 0000000000100000 - 0000000000840000 (usable)
  bootconsole [earlyser0] enabled
  Notice: NX (Execute Disable) protection missing in CPU or disabled in BIOS!
  DMI not present or invalid.
  last_pfn = 0x840 max_arch_pfn = 0x100000
  init_memory_mapping: 0000000000000000-0000000000840000
  8MB LOWMEM available.
    mapped low ram: 0 - 00840000
    low ram: 0 - 00840000
  Zone PFN ranges:
    DMA      0x00000001 -> 0x00001000
    Normal   empty
  Movable zone start PFN for each node
  early_node_map[2] active PFN ranges
      0: 0x00000001 -> 0x0000009f
      0: 0x00000100 -> 0x00000840
  BUG: Int 6: CR2 (null)
       EDI c034663c  ESI (null)  EBP c0329f38  ESP c0329ef4
       EBX c0346380  EDX 00000006  ECX ffffffff  EAX fffffff4
       err (null)  EIP c0353191   CS c0320060  flg 00010082
  Stack: (null) c030c533 000007cd (null) c030c533 00000001 (null) (null)
         00000003 0000083f 00000018 00000002 00000002 c0329f6c c03534d6 (null)
         (null) 00000100 00000840 (null) c0329f64 00000001 00001000 (null)
  Pid: 0, comm: swapper Not tainted 2.6.36 #5
  Call Trace:
   [<c02e3707>] ? 0xc02e3707
   [<c035e6e5>] 0xc035e6e5
   [<c0353191>] ? 0xc0353191
   [<c03534d6>] 0xc03534d6
   [<c034f1cd>] 0xc034f1cd
   [<c034a824>] 0xc034a824
   [<c03513cb>] ? 0xc03513cb
   [<c0349432>] 0xc0349432
   [<c0349066>] 0xc0349066

It turns out that we should ignore the low limit of 16M.

Use alloc_bootmem_node_nopanic() in this case.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: less mess]
Signed-off-by: Yinghai LU <yinghai@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Stefan Hellermann <stefan@the2masters.de>
Tested-by: Stefan Hellermann <stefan@the2masters.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>		[2.6.34+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The lru_deactivate_fn should not move page which in on unevictable lru
into inactive list.  Otherwise, we can meet BUG when we use
isolate_lru_pages as __isolate_lru_page could return -EINVAL.
Reported-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Tested-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel<riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The driver is not balancing set_irq and disable_irq_wake() calls, so
ensure that it keeps track of whether the wake is enabled.

The fixes the following error on S3C6410 devices:

  WARNING: at kernel/irq/manage.c:382 set_irq_wake+0x84/0xec()
  Unbalanced IRQ 92 wake disable
Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben-linux@fluff.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
Cc: Alessandro Zummo <a.zummo@towertech.it>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The SNAPSHOT_S2RAM ioctl used for implementing the feature allowing
one to suspend to RAM after creating a hibernation image is currently
broken, because it doesn't clear the "ready" flag in the struct
snapshot_data object handled by it.  As a result, the
SNAPSHOT_UNFREEZE doesn't work correctly after SNAPSHOT_S2RAM has
returned and the user space hibernate task cannot thaw the other
processes as appropriate.  Make SNAPSHOT_S2RAM clear data->ready
to fix this problem.
Tested-by: Alexandre Felipe Muller de Souza <alexandrefm@mandriva.com.br>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: stable@kernel.org

If the process using the hibernate user space interface closes
/dev/snapshot after creating a hibernation image without thawing
tasks, snapshot_release() should call pm_restore_gfp_mask() to
restore the GFP mask used before the creation of the image.  Make
that happen.
Tested-by: Alexandre Felipe Muller de Souza <alexandrefm@mandriva.com.br>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: stable@kernel.org

A warning is printed by pm_restrict_gfp_mask() while the
SNAPSHOT_S2RAM ioctl is being executed after creating a hibernation
image, because pm_restrict_gfp_mask() has been called once already
before the image creation and suspend_devices_and_enter() calls it
once again.  This happens after commit 452aa699
(mm/pm: force GFP_NOIO during suspend/hibernation and resume).

To avoid this issue, move pm_restrict_gfp_mask() and
pm_restore_gfp_mask() from suspend_devices_and_enter() to its caller
in kernel/power/suspend.c.
Reported-by: Alexandre Felipe Muller de Souza <alexandrefm@mandriva.com.br>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: stable@kernel.org

We increments i_wrbuffer_ref when taking the Fb cap. This breaks
the dirty page accounting and causes looping in
__ceph_do_pending_vmtruncate, and ceph client hangs.

This bug can be reproduced occasionally by running blogbench.

Add a new field i_wb_ref to inode and dedicate it to Fb reference
counting.
Signed-off-by: Henry C Chang <henry.cy.chang@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@newdream.net>