Tests are supposed to help spot errors, and caucased access traces help
with this too.

So that stdout may be more reliably used for scripting.

Not all programs support having multiple CA certificates per file, so add
support for creating and maintaining certificate directories containing
a single certificate each.

Reference machine: Raspberry Pi 1 B+.
caucased can take around 40s to start (CA generation, ...).

So caucase.sh gets some regular exercise.

Avoid repeating function name in these.

Get an auto-issued user certificate and use it to exercise an authenticated
action.

Should have been part of:
  commit 17325dc0
  Author: Vincent Pelletier <plr.vincent@gmail.com>
  Date:   Sat Jul 14 18:40:41 2018 +0900

      all: Make caucased https certificate independent from CAS.

Also, remove CURL, PUT and PUTNoOut aliases. They are replaced with
private function with a naming consistent with the rest of this script.

Is no value is provided to a return statement, the status of the last
command ran is returned, making "$?" superfluous.

If there is no return statement, shell functions return the status of the
last command they ran. So "return $?" as last function statement is
superfluous.

Simplify code a bit.
Change directory when starting caucased, so all files are stored inside
test's temporary directory (and not just the database).
Tolerate caucased not immediately starting.
Fix CA presence tests (well this is embarrassing).
List test directory content when failing, as it will get deleted shortly
after.

In shell/caucase.sh line 1134:
    trap "kill \"$caucased_pid\"; wait; rm -rf \"$tmp_dir\"" EXIT
                 ^-----------^ SC2064: Use single quotes, otherwise this expands now rather than when signalled.
                                                 ^------^ SC2064: Use single quotes, otherwise this expands now rather than when signalled.

These variables are local, so immediate expantion is expected.

Rerun with updated nxd-relicense. This actually changes license text in
every file.

Before:

	W: caucase/__init__.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/_version.py: no copyright
	W: caucase/ca.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/cli.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/client.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/exceptions.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/http.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/http_wsgibase.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/storage.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/test.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/utils.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/version.py: cannot find license start
	W: caucase/wsgi.py: cannot find license start
	W: setup.py: cannot find license start
	W: shell/caucase.sh: cannot find license start
	W: versioneer.py: no copyright

After:

	W: caucase/_version.py: no copyright
	W: versioneer.py: no copyright

Add FOSS licence exception.
Fix copyright holder name.

Reduces backslash-doubling crazyness.

More consistent with address extraction.

Also, remove irrelevant key usage extension, as during certificate renewal
the extensions of the existing certificate are used, not the ones of the
certificate signing request.

Found by shellcheck.

Do not rely on test's -a & -o.
Escape backslashes which are intended as literals.
Avoid one useless "cat".
Avoid testing $?.
Simplify "is integer ?" test.
Quote a few variable expansions.
Arithmetic expression does not need explicit expansion.
Split declaration and assignment to unmask status.
Disable shellcheck warning about "local" being undefined in POSIX.

For python-hostile and python-deprived audiences.