<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js"> <!--<![endif]--> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <title>无数据中心：”后云“闻见录</title> <meta name="description" content=""> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,300,600,700,800&subset=latin,cyrillic-ext' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/normalize.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/main.css"> <script src="js/vendor/modernizr-2.6.2-respond-1.1.0.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <!--[if lt IE 7]> <p class="chromeframe">You are using an <strong>outdated</strong> browser. Please <a href="http://browsehappy.com/">upgrade your browser</a> or <a href="http://www.google.com/chromeframe/?redirect=true">activate Google Chrome Frame</a> to improve your experience.</p> <![endif]--> <div class="main-container"> <div class="main wrapper clearfix"> <article > <h1 class="page_title">无数据中心：”后云“闻见录</h1> <p>Version: 001</p> <p>这个闻见录介绍了一个最终将会取代云计算的技术。 </p> <p>我是一个软件开发师. 朋友们都叫我”四眼哥“。 我从1989年开始使用因特网，并从1993年开始使用互联网。 我于1981年开发了我的第一个商务软件， 现在我在上海有一家小的软件公司。</p> <p>现如今因特网已成为商务竞争的一个重要工具，云计算通过使商务软件调配自动化来削减成本。 但是， 现代网络和云计算却经历着新的灾难: <a href="http://iwgcr.org/availability-ranking-of-world-cloud-computing-2012-update/">缺少弹性力</a>, <a href="http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/etudes/join/1999/168184/DG-4-JOIN_ET%281999%29168184_EN.pdf">缺少交易私密性</a>, <a href="http://www.infoworld.com/d/cloud-computing/the-danger-the-coming-big-cloud-monopolies-114">缺少竞争</a> and <a href="http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2011/04/greenpeace-report-cloud-and-internet-use-sucks-energy-emits-co2.html">高二氧化碳排放量</a>.</p> <p>所有的灾难都来源于一个地方：数据中心。</p> <p>近几年兴起了许多尝试修补数据中心灾难的项目。 所有的项目都失败了，或者将会失败。</p> <p>数据中心产生了无可修复的裂缝因为它们为抵制商务竞争的实际运用制造了一个“没有弹性”的诱因，并将最终促成它的短命。<a href="XXX">Richard Stallman是正确的</a> 归根结底, 经济还是我们的首要动力。 </p> <p>这个见闻录将从经济方面长远的利益出发，关注理论，商务模型及能够引导消除数据中心的技术。 感谢HTML5技术及中国开发的低成本移动科技, 这个目标将不再是学术人员的一个梦想. </p> <p>非常重要: 如果你开发了或者发现了一个可以取代云计算的新技术，请告诉我，我来为你发表。</p> <p>四眼哥<br/>上海, 11月19日, 2013<br/> nodatacenter@suomi24.fi </p> <h2>第一章: 分散化理论</h2> <p>我们需要知道一个成功的分散式制造系统中哪一项因素是引向成功的关键。目前为止，我们可以鉴别出四个要素：智能终端（因特网）, 零边际成本（自由/开源软件）, 零知识 (弹性云) 以及零排放（应用商店）。</p> <p><b>智能终端</b>. 将网络智能放置在终端的主意促成了 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Internet">因特网</a> 弹性。终端比网络本身</i>更需要对<i>可靠的数据传送负责。</p> <p><b>零边际成本</b>. 能够使小公司在不需要很多资本的情况下和大公司竞争的就是他能够用零边际成本向成千上万的用户输送产品和服务的能力。<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source">开源软件</a> 和 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux">Linux</a> 是使用零边际成本商务模式在十年内击败大型企业的典型案例。</p> <p><b>零知识</b>. 能够使一个电脑系统保护交易秘密的方法就是密码术和系统架构的结合，从而可以不保存用户是如何进入交易的。</p> <p><b>零排放</b>. 能够消除二氧化碳排放的要么是关掉计算机设备，要么是重复使用所有的热能来给室内加热。</p> <p>以下的表格比较了传统云，理想后云以及两种”云代替云“的技术：弹性计算和离线HTML5。</p> <p> <table border="1" align="center"> <tr> <th> </th> <th>传统云 </th> <th>后云 </th> <th>弹性计算 </th> <th>离线HTML5 </th> </tr> <tr> <td>智能终端 </td> <td>不能 </td> <td>能 </td> <td>能 </td> <td>能 </td> </tr> <tr> <td>零边际成本 </td> <td>不能 </td> <td>能 </td> <td>可能 </td> <td>能 </td> </tr> <tr> <td>零知识 </td> <td>有难度 </td> <td>能 </td> <td>能 </td> <td>能 </td> <tr> <td>零排放 </td> <td>不能 </td> <td>能 </td> <td>可能 </td> <td>能 </td> </tr> </table> </p> <h2>第二章: 弹性计算</h2> <p>通过分散服务器到家庭或办公室，弹性计算解决了云计算缺乏弹性的问题。 它使用和云计算相同的技术来处理准备金提取，开账单等操作。弹性计算和许多现存的应用都能兼容(Linux, Windows等). 它的运用对迁移程序或者重新开发没有要求。</p> <p>弹性计算同时也能解决云计算中许多其他的问题。但是, 目前还缺乏这个领域足够的支持 (消费者电子设备，电信设备), 零边际成本还不能被实现。这目前局限了它在利基市场的运用: 重要任务应用, 政府安全, 高性能计算。</p> <p>弹性计算需要现代路由技术帮助回避电信公司之间经常发生的由操作错误或漏洞引起的连接问题。又被称作可以在网络之上创造一个虚拟网络提供完整的网络弹性和有独立服务协议的供应商的 <b>覆盖</b> 网络。</p> <h3>时间轴:</h3> <ul> <li>2010 - <a href="http://www.cio.com/article/596689/ViFiB_Wants_You_to_Host_Cloud_Computing_At_Home">VIFIB</a> 将弹性计算作为云计算中一个更安全，更便宜的选择来介绍，并且它还可以给室内加热。VIFIB依赖于<a href="http://community.slapos.org">SlapOS</a> 开源技术. VIFIB现在用于实施为<a href="http://www.cio-online.com/actualites/lire-bipetgo-lance-sa-vente-en-ligne-avec-un-module-dedie-dans-le-cloud-5422-page-1.html">法国高速</a>工作的ERP系统的关键使命。 </li> <li>2010 - <a href="http://www.qarnot-computing.com/">Qarnot Computing</a> introduces servers that act as electric heaters for households. Qarnot provides a platform to allocate high performance computing tasks on its servers. </li> <li>2011 - <a href="http://research.microsoft.com/apps/pubs/default.aspx?id=150265">Microsoft Research</a> publishes a research paper by Jie Liu. This paper explains how by placing data centers in buildings, buildings could be heated by the heat of servers. </li> <li>2012 - <a href="http://git.erp5.org/gitweb/re6stnet.git?js=1">re6st overaly network</a>). re6st provides stable connectivity between servers located in different homes, offices or datacenters. IPv6 routing and service level agreement (SLA) is handled by a peer-to-peer public mesh of end points. It was adopted by <a href="http://community.slapos.org">SlapOS</a>. </li> </ul> <p><i>to be completed...</i></p> <h2>Chapter 3: Offline HTML5</h2> <p><a href="http://diveintohtml5.info/offline.html">Offline HTML5</a> eliminates data centers by eliminating servers. This approach requires to redevelop all applications in a quite different way. Redevelopment effort can be costly even though migration tools exist. </p> <p>Offline HTML5 is compatible with Zero Marginal Cost business model. This is a huge advantage over Resilient Computing in order to accelerate adoption. Considering the growing importance of HTML5 in mobile device (phones, tablets) and the growing importance of Javascript in enteprise computing, Offline HTML5 is probably the appropriate approach for the long term whereas resilient computing satisfies short term needs and niche markets (ex. big data).</p> <h3>Timeline:</h3> <ul> <li>2008 - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5">HTML5 first proposal</a> introduces key concepts that will lead to offline apps. </li> <li>2010 - <a href="http://www.ung-project.org/project/ungdoc">UNG is Not Google</a> proves that it is possible to develop a clone of Google Docs as a pure client side application that no longer requires an application server. </li> <li>2011 - <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebRTC">WebRTC</a> provides the bases for browser-to-browser networking. </li> <li>2011 - <a href="http://bellard.org/jslinux/">LinuxJS</a> proves that Javascript is fast enough to emulate a PC. This opens in theory the way to Resilient Computing based on HTML5 that uses web browsers as servers. </li> <li>2011 - <a href="http://j-io.org/">JIO</a> provides an abstraction to access local and remote content in offline HTML5 apps. </li> <li>2013 - <a href="">???</a>. Chrome Web browser is able to act as a generic server that can listen on a socket. </li> <li>2013 - <a href="http://ozan.io/p/">P</a> provides a resilient overlay network based on WebRTC. This opens in theory the way to Resilient Computing based on HTML5 that WebRTC based overlay networks. </li> <li>2013 - <a href="http://www.benjamincburns.com/2013/11/10/jor1k-ethmac-support.html">jor1k ethmac</a> network virtualization in Javascript opens the possibility to implement IP stack in Javascript and increase network security of HTML5 beyond the limitations of proprietary operating systems. </li> <li>2013 - <a href="http://www.officejs.com">OfficeJS</a> introduced at Tech Crunch Shanghai is the first platform independent appstore of Offline HTML5 apps. </li> </ul> <h2>Chapter 4: Cookbook</h2> <h3>Recipe 1: JQM + JIO</h3> <p><i>coming soon</i></p> <h3>Recipe 2: Emscripten</h3> <p><i>coming soon</i></p> <h2>References</h2> <ul> <li><a href="http://iwgcr.org/availability-ranking-of-world-cloud-computing-2012-update">Availability Ranking of World Cloud Computing – June 2013 Update</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/john-glaser/america-as-economic-spy-n_b_4190948.html">America as Economic Spy: NSA's Mission Is Self-Aggrandizement, Not Fighting Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/etudes/join/1999/168184/DG-4-JOIN_ET%281999%29168184_EN.pdf">DEVELOPMENT OF SURVEILLANCE TECHNOLOGY AND RISK OF ABUSE OF ECONOMIC INFORMATION</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.infoworld.com/d/cloud-computing/the-danger-the-coming-big-cloud-monopolies-114">The danger of the coming 'big cloud' monopolies</a></li> <li><a href="http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2011/04/greenpeace-report-cloud-and-internet-use-sucks-energy-emits-co2.html">Cloud computing and Internet use suck energy, emit CO2, says Greenpeace</a></li> <li><a href="https://github.com/redecentralize/alternative-internet">Alternative Internet</a></li> <li><a href=""></a></li> <li><a href=""></a></li> <li><a href=""></a></li> <li><a href=""></a></li> </ul> <h2>About this page</h2> <p>This page is hosted in a private home using a micro-server. Content is brought to you by a proxy cache hosted by <a href="http://aliyun.com/">Aliyun</a> in China.</p> </article> </div> <!-- #main --> </div> </body> </html>