"Server trunking" is a fancy named for a multi-homed NFS server.
Trunking might occur if a client sends NFS requests for a single
workload to multiple network interfaces on the same server.  There
are some implications for NFSv4 state management that make it useful
for a client to know if a single NFSv4 server instance is
multi-homed.  (Note this is only a consideration for NFSv4, not for
legacy versions of NFS, which are stateless).

If a client cares about server trunking, no NFSv4 operations can
proceed until that client determines who it is talking to.  Thus
server IP trunking discovery must be done when the client first
encounters an unfamiliar server IP address.

The nfs_get_client() function walks the nfs_client_list and matches
on server IP address.  The outcome of that walk tells us immediately
if we have an unfamiliar server IP address.  It invokes
nfs_init_client() in this case.  Thus, nfs4_init_client() is a good
spot to perform trunking discovery.

Discovery requires a client to establish a fresh client ID, so our
client will now send SETCLIENTID or EXCHANGE_ID as the first NFS
operation after a successful ping, rather than waiting for an
application to perform an operation that requires NFSv4 state.

The exact process for detecting trunking is different for NFSv4.0 and
NFSv4.1, so a minorversion-specific init_client callout method is
introduced.

CLID_INUSE recovery is important for the trunking discovery process.
CLID_INUSE is a sign the server recognizes the client's nfs_client_id4
id string, but the client is using the wrong principal this time for
the SETCLIENTID operation.  The SETCLIENTID must be retried with a
series of different principals until one works, and then the rest of
trunking discovery can proceed.
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>