Some investigation of a transaction processing workload showed that a
major consumer of cycles in __blockdev_direct_IO is the cache miss while
accessing the block size.  This is because it has to walk the chain from
block_dev to gendisk to queue.

The block size is needed early on to check alignment and sizes.  It's only
done if the check for the inode block size fails.  But the costly block
device state is unconditionally fetched.

- Reorganize the code to only fetch block dev state when actually
  needed.

Then do a prefetch on the block dev early on in the direct IO path.  This
is worth it, because there is substantial code run before we actually
touch the block dev now.

- I also added some unlikelies to make it clear the compiler that block
  device fetch code is not normally executed.

This gave a small, but measurable improvement on a large database
benchmark (about 0.3%)

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: using prefetch requires including prefetch.h]
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>