Merged revisions 78959,79170,79175,79177,79180,79183,79186,79193,79581 via svnmerge from

svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k

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  r78959 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-14 11:56:14 +0100 (So, 14 Mär 2010) | 33 lines

  Merged revisions 78760,78771-78773,78802,78922,78952 via svnmerge from
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    r78760 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-07 16:23:59 +0100 (So, 07 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    #5341: more built-in vs builtin fixes.
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    r78771 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-07 21:58:31 +0100 (So, 07 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    #8085: The function is called PyObject_NewVar, not PyObject_VarNew.
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    r78772 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-07 22:12:28 +0100 (So, 07 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    #8039: document conditional expressions better, giving them their own section.
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    r78773 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-07 22:32:06 +0100 (So, 07 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    #8044: document Py_{Enter,Leave}RecursiveCall functions.
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    r78802 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-08 17:28:40 +0100 (Mo, 08 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    Fix typo.
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    r78922 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-13 14:41:58 +0100 (Sa, 13 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    Update for new download location.
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    r78952 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-14 10:55:08 +0100 (So, 14 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    #8137: add iso-8859-16 to the standard encodings table.
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  r79170 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 10:02:59 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 1 line

  Fix some issues found by Jacques Ducasse on the docs list.
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  r79175 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 10:10:32 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 9 lines

  Merged revisions 79172 via svnmerge from
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    r79172 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 10:08:00 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    Add a paragraph about set displays.
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  r79177 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 10:25:54 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 1 line

  Need to use list(range()) to get a list.
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  r79180 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 10:50:49 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 9 lines

  Merged revisions 79178 via svnmerge from
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    r79178 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 10:28:16 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    Clarify that for shell=True, the shell PID will be the child PID.
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  r79183 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 10:52:24 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 9 lines

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    r79181 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 10:51:16 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    Update os.kill() emulation example for Windows to use ctypes.
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  r79186 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 11:03:36 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 13 lines

  Merged revisions 79184-79185 via svnmerge from
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    r79184 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 10:58:36 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    Update text for newest US DST regulation.  The sample file already has the calculation right.
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    r79185 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 11:02:47 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    Include structmember.h correctly.
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  r79193 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 12:53:50 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 9 lines

  Merged revisions 79192 via svnmerge from
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    r79192 | georg.brandl | 2010-03-21 12:50:58 +0100 (So, 21 Mär 2010) | 1 line

    Remove leftover word.
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  r79581 | georg.brandl | 2010-04-02 10:47:07 +0200 (Fr, 02 Apr 2010) | 1 line

  #8213: document behavior of -u on py3k better.
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Doc/c-api/exceptions.rst

@@ -446,6 +446,36 @@ Exception Objects
    This steals a reference to *ctx*.
 
 
+Recursion Control
+=================
+
+These two functions provide a way to perform safe recursive calls at the C
+level, both in the core and in extension modules.  They are needed if the
+recursive code does not necessarily invoke Python code (which tracks its
+recursion depth automatically).
+
+.. cfunction:: int Py_EnterRecursiveCall(char *where)
+
+   Marks a point where a recursive C-level call is about to be performed.
+
+   If :const:`USE_STACKCHECK` is defined, this function checks if the the OS
+   stack overflowed using :cfunc:`PyOS_CheckStack`.  In this is the case, it
+   sets a :exc:`MemoryError` and returns a nonzero value.
+
+   The function then checks if the recursion limit is reached.  If this is the
+   case, a :exc:`RuntimeError` is set and a nonzero value is returned.
+   Otherwise, zero is returned.
+
+   *where* should be a string such as ``" in instance check"`` to be
+   concatenated to the :exc:`RuntimeError` message caused by the recursion depth
+   limit.
+
+.. cfunction:: void Py_LeaveRecursiveCall()
+
+   Ends a :cfunc:`Py_EnterRecursiveCall`.  Must be called once for each
+   *successful* invocation of :cfunc:`Py_EnterRecursiveCall`.
+
+
 .. _standardexceptions:
 
 Standard Exceptions

Doc/c-api/gcsupport.rst

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ include the :const:`Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GC` and provide an implementation of the
 Constructors for container types must conform to two rules:
 
 #. The memory for the object must be allocated using :cfunc:`PyObject_GC_New`
-   or :cfunc:`PyObject_GC_VarNew`.
+   or :cfunc:`PyObject_GC_NewVar`.
 
 #. Once all the fields which may contain references to other containers are
    initialized, it must call :cfunc:`PyObject_GC_Track`.

Doc/c-api/typeobj.rst

@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ type objects) *must* have the :attr:`ob_size` field.
    instance; this is normally :cfunc:`PyObject_Del` if the instance was allocated
    using :cfunc:`PyObject_New` or :cfunc:`PyObject_VarNew`, or
    :cfunc:`PyObject_GC_Del` if the instance was allocated using
-   :cfunc:`PyObject_GC_New` or :cfunc:`PyObject_GC_VarNew`.
+   :cfunc:`PyObject_GC_New` or :cfunc:`PyObject_GC_NewVar`.
 
    This field is inherited by subtypes.
 

Doc/extending/newtypes.rst

@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ This version of the module has a number of changes.
 
 We've added an extra include::
 
-   #include "structmember.h"
+   #include <structmember.h>
 
 This include provides declarations that we use to handle attributes, as
 described a bit later.

Doc/faq/windows.rst

@@ -445,13 +445,15 @@ present, and ``getch()`` which gets one character without echoing it.
 How do I emulate os.kill() in Windows?
 --------------------------------------
 
-Use win32api::
+To terminate a process, you can use ctypes::
+
+   import ctypes
 
    def kill(pid):
        """kill function for Win32"""
-       import win32api
-       handle = win32api.OpenProcess(1, 0, pid)
-       return (0 != win32api.TerminateProcess(handle, 0))
+       kernel32 = ctypes.windll.kernel32
+       handle = kernel32.OpenProcess(1, 0, pid)
+       return (0 != kernel32.TerminateProcess(handle, 0))
 
 
 Why does os.path.isdir() fail on NT shared directories?

Doc/library/codecs.rst

@@ -1063,11 +1063,13 @@ particular, the following variants typically exist:
 +-----------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
 | iso8859_10      | iso-8859-10, latin6, L6        | Nordic languages               |
 +-----------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
-| iso8859_13      | iso-8859-13                    | Baltic languages               |
+| iso8859_13      | iso-8859-13, latin7, L7        | Baltic languages               |
 +-----------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
 | iso8859_14      | iso-8859-14, latin8, L8        | Celtic languages               |
 +-----------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
-| iso8859_15      | iso-8859-15                    | Western Europe                 |
+| iso8859_15      | iso-8859-15, latin9, L9        | Western Europe                 |
++-----------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
+| iso8859_16      | iso-8859-16, latin10, L10      | South-Eastern Europe           |
 +-----------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+
 | johab           | cp1361, ms1361                 | Korean                         |
 +-----------------+--------------------------------+--------------------------------+

Doc/library/datetime.rst

@@ -1460,8 +1460,8 @@ Example :class:`tzinfo` classes:
 Note that there are unavoidable subtleties twice per year in a :class:`tzinfo`
 subclass accounting for both standard and daylight time, at the DST transition
 points.  For concreteness, consider US Eastern (UTC -0500), where EDT begins the
-minute after 1:59 (EST) on the first Sunday in April, and ends the minute after
-1:59 (EDT) on the last Sunday in October::
+minute after 1:59 (EST) on the second Sunday in March, and ends the minute after
+1:59 (EDT) on the first Sunday in November::
 
      UTC   3:MM  4:MM  5:MM  6:MM  7:MM  8:MM
      EST  22:MM 23:MM  0:MM  1:MM  2:MM  3:MM

Doc/library/doctest.rst

@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ example.  Use ``+`` to enable the named behavior, or ``-`` to disable it.
 
 For example, this test passes::
 
-   >>> print(range(20)) #doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+   >>> print(list(range(20))) #doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
    [0,   1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,
    10,  11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
 
@@ -642,18 +642,18 @@ two blanks before the single-digit list elements, and because the actual output
 is on a single line.  This test also passes, and also requires a directive to do
 so::
 
-   >>> print(range(20)) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
+   >>> print(list(range(20))) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
    [0, 1, ..., 18, 19]
 
 Multiple directives can be used on a single physical line, separated by commas::
 
-   >>> print(range(20)) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS, +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
+   >>> print(list(range(20))) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS, +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
    [0,    1, ...,   18,    19]
 
 If multiple directive comments are used for a single example, then they are
 combined::
 
-   >>> print(range(20)) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
+   >>> print(list(range(20))) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
    ...                        # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
    [0,    1, ...,   18,    19]
 
@@ -661,9 +661,9 @@ As the previous example shows, you can add ``...`` lines to your example
 containing only directives.  This can be useful when an example is too long for
 a directive to comfortably fit on the same line::
 
-   >>> print(range(5) + range(10,20) + range(30,40) + range(50,60))
+   >>> print(list(range(5)) + list(range(10, 20)) + list(range(30, 40)))
    ... # doctest: +ELLIPSIS
-   [0, ..., 4, 10, ..., 19, 30, ..., 39, 50, ..., 59]
+   [0, ..., 4, 10, ..., 19, 30, ..., 39]
 
 Note that since all options are disabled by default, and directives apply only
 to the example they appear in, enabling options (via ``+`` in a directive) is

Doc/library/stdtypes.rst

@@ -1639,6 +1639,10 @@ The :class:`frozenset` type is immutable and :term:`hashable` --- its contents c
 altered after it is created; it can therefore be used as a dictionary key or as
 an element of another set.
 
+Non-empty sets (not frozensets) can be created by placing a comma-separated list
+of elements within braces, for example: ``{'jack', 'sjoerd'}``, in addition to the
+:class:`set` constructor.
+
 The constructors for both classes work the same:
 
 .. class:: set([iterable])

Doc/library/subprocess.rst

@@ -396,6 +396,9 @@ The following attributes are also available:
 
    The process ID of the child process.
 
+   Note that if you set the *shell* argument to ``True``, this is the process ID
+   of the spawned shell.
+
 
 .. attribute:: Popen.returncode
 

Doc/library/sys.rst

@@ -127,13 +127,12 @@ always available.
 
    .. index:: object: traceback
 
-   If no exception is being handled anywhere on the stack, a tuple containing three
-   ``None`` values is returned.  Otherwise, the values returned are ``(type, value,
-   traceback)``.  Their meaning is: *type* gets the exception type of the exception
-   being handled (a class object); *value* gets the exception parameter (its
-   :dfn:`associated value` or the second argument to :keyword:`raise`, which is
-   always a class instance if the exception type is a class object); *traceback*
-   gets a traceback object (see the Reference Manual) which encapsulates the call
+   If no exception is being handled anywhere on the stack, a tuple containing
+   three ``None`` values is returned.  Otherwise, the values returned are
+   ``(type, value, traceback)``.  Their meaning is: *type* gets the type of the
+   exception being handled (a subclass of :exc:`BaseException`); *value* gets
+   the exception instance (an instance of the exception type); *traceback* gets
+   a traceback object (see the Reference Manual) which encapsulates the call
    stack at the point where the exception originally occurred.
 
    .. warning::
@@ -495,9 +494,7 @@ always available.
    more information.)
 
    The meaning of the variables is the same as that of the return values from
-   :func:`exc_info` above.  (Since there is only one interactive thread,
-   thread-safety is not a concern for these variables, unlike for ``exc_type``
-   etc.)
+   :func:`exc_info` above.
 
 
 .. data:: maxsize

Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ namespace is searched.  The global statement must precede all uses of the name.
 
 .. index:: pair: restricted; execution
 
-The built-in namespace associated with the execution of a code block is actually
+The builtins namespace associated with the execution of a code block is actually
 found by looking up the name ``__builtins__`` in its global namespace; this
 should be a dictionary or a module (in the latter case the module's dictionary
 is used).  By default, when in the :mod:`__main__` module, ``__builtins__`` is
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ weak form of restricted execution.
 .. impl-detail::
 
    Users should not touch ``__builtins__``; it is strictly an implementation
-   detail.  Users wanting to override values in the built-in namespace should
+   detail.  Users wanting to override values in the builtins namespace should
    :keyword:`import` the :mod:`builtins` module and modify its
    attributes appropriately.
 

Doc/reference/expressions.rst

@@ -1120,12 +1120,7 @@ Boolean operations
    pair: Conditional; expression
    pair: Boolean; operation
 
-Boolean operations have the lowest priority of all Python operations:
-
 .. productionlist::
-   expression: `conditional_expression` | `lambda_form`
-   expression_nocond: `or_test` | `lambda_form_nocond`
-   conditional_expression: `or_test` ["if" `or_test` "else" `expression`]
    or_test: `and_test` | `or_test` "or" `and_test`
    and_test: `not_test` | `and_test` "and" `not_test`
    not_test: `comparison` | "not" `not_test`
@@ -1142,10 +1137,6 @@ truth value by providing a :meth:`__bool__` method.
 The operator :keyword:`not` yields ``True`` if its argument is false, ``False``
 otherwise.
 
-The expression ``x if C else y`` first evaluates *C* (*not* *x*); if *C* is
-true, *x* is evaluated and its value is returned; otherwise, *y* is evaluated
-and its value is returned.
-
 .. index:: operator: and
 
 The expression ``x and y`` first evaluates *x*; if *x* is false, its value is
@@ -1165,6 +1156,30 @@ not bother to return a value of the same type as its argument, so e.g., ``not
 'foo'`` yields ``False``, not ``''``.)
 
 
+Conditional Expressions
+=======================
+
+.. versionadded:: 2.5
+
+.. index::
+   pair: conditional; expression
+   pair: ternary; operator
+
+.. productionlist::
+   conditional_expression: `or_test` ["if" `or_test` "else" `expression`]
+   expression: `conditional_expression` | `lambda_form`
+   expression_nocond: `or_test` | `lambda_form_nocond`
+
+Conditional expressions (sometimes called a "ternary operator") have the lowest
+priority of all Python operations.
+
+The expression ``x if C else y`` first evaluates the condition, *C* (*not* *x*);
+if *C* is true, *x* is evaluated and its value is returned; otherwise, *y* is
+evaluated and its value is returned.
+
+See :pep:`308` for more details about conditional expressions.
+
+
 .. _lambdas:
 .. _lambda:
 
@@ -1259,6 +1274,8 @@ groups from right to left).
 +===============================================+=====================================+
 | :keyword:`lambda`                             | Lambda expression                   |
 +-----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
+| :keyword:`if` -- :keyword:`else`              | Conditional expression              |
++-----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
 | :keyword:`or`                                 | Boolean OR                          |
 +-----------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+
 | :keyword:`and`                                | Boolean AND                         |

Doc/reference/simple_stmts.rst

@@ -148,9 +148,9 @@ Assignment of an object to a single target is recursively defined as follows.
 
   .. index:: single: destructor
 
-  The name is rebound if it was already bound.  This may cause the reference count
-  for the object previously bound to the name to reach zero, causing the object to
-  be deallocated and its destructor (if it has one) to be called.
+  The name is rebound if it was already bound.  This may cause the reference
+  count for the object previously bound to the name to reach zero, causing the
+  object to be deallocated and its destructor (if it has one) to be called.
 
 * If the target is a target list enclosed in parentheses or in square brackets:
   The object must be an iterable with the same number of items as there are

Doc/using/cmdline.rst

@@ -232,8 +232,9 @@ Miscellaneous options
 
 .. cmdoption:: -u
 
-   Force stdin, stdout and stderr to be totally unbuffered.  On systems where it
-   matters, also put stdin, stdout and stderr in binary mode.
+   Force the binary layer of the stdin, stdout and stderr streams (which is
+   available as their ``buffer`` attribute) to be unbuffered.  The text I/O
+   layer will still be line-buffered.
 
    See also :envvar:`PYTHONUNBUFFERED`.
 

Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst

@@ -111,9 +111,9 @@ are:
   :func:`reduce` function.
 
 Python 3.0 adds several new built-in functions and changes the
-semantics of some existing built-ins.  Functions that are new in 3.0
+semantics of some existing builtins.  Functions that are new in 3.0
 such as :func:`bin` have simply been added to Python 2.6, but existing
-built-ins haven't been changed; instead, the :mod:`future_builtins`
+builtins haven't been changed; instead, the :mod:`future_builtins`
 module has versions with the new 3.0 semantics.  Code written to be
 compatible with 3.0 can do ``from future_builtins import hex, map`` as
 necessary.
@@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ formatted.  It receives a single argument, the format specifier::
        else:
            return str(self)
 
-There's also a :func:`format` built-in that will format a single
+There's also a :func:`format` builtin that will format a single
 value.  It calls the type's :meth:`__format__` method with the
 provided specifier::
 
@@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@ access protocol.  Abstract Base Classes (or ABCs) are an equivalent
 feature for Python. The ABC support consists of an :mod:`abc` module
 containing a metaclass called :class:`ABCMeta`, special handling of
 this metaclass by the :func:`isinstance` and :func:`issubclass`
-built-ins, and a collection of basic ABCs that the Python developers
+builtins, and a collection of basic ABCs that the Python developers
 think will be widely useful.  Future versions of Python will probably
 add more ABCs.
 
@@ -1322,9 +1322,9 @@ an octal number, but it does add support for "0o" and "0b"::
     >>> 0b101111
     47
 
-The :func:`oct` built-in still returns numbers
+The :func:`oct` builtin still returns numbers
 prefixed with a leading zero, and a new :func:`bin`
-built-in returns the binary representation for a number::
+builtin returns the binary representation for a number::
 
     >>> oct(42)
     '052'
@@ -1333,7 +1333,7 @@ built-in returns the binary representation for a number::
     >>> bin(173)
     '0b10101101'
 
-The :func:`int` and :func:`long` built-ins will now accept the "0o"
+The :func:`int` and :func:`long` builtins will now accept the "0o"
 and "0b" prefixes when base-8 or base-2 are requested, or when the
 *base* argument is zero (signalling that the base used should be
 determined from the string)::
@@ -1419,7 +1419,7 @@ can be shifted left and right with ``<<`` and ``>>``,
 combined using bitwise operations such as ``&`` and ``|``,
 and can be used as array indexes and slice boundaries.
 
-In Python 3.0, the PEP slightly redefines the existing built-ins
+In Python 3.0, the PEP slightly redefines the existing builtins
 :func:`round`, :func:`math.floor`, :func:`math.ceil`, and adds a new
 one, :func:`math.trunc`, that's been backported to Python 2.6.
 :func:`math.trunc` rounds toward zero, returning the closest
@@ -1520,7 +1520,7 @@ Some smaller changes made to the core Python language are:
   Previously this would have been a syntax error.
   (Contributed by Amaury Forgeot d'Arc; :issue:`3473`.)
 
-* A new built-in, ``next(iterator, [default])`` returns the next item
+* A new builtin, ``next(iterator, [default])`` returns the next item
   from the specified iterator.  If the *default* argument is supplied,
   it will be returned if *iterator* has been exhausted; otherwise,
   the :exc:`StopIteration` exception will be raised.  (Backported
@@ -1949,9 +1949,9 @@ changes, or look through the Subversion logs for all the details.
   (Contributed by Phil Schwartz; :issue:`1221598`.)
 
 * The :func:`reduce` built-in function is also available in the
-  :mod:`functools` module.  In Python 3.0, the built-in has been
+  :mod:`functools` module.  In Python 3.0, the builtin has been
   dropped and :func:`reduce` is only available from :mod:`functools`;
-  currently there are no plans to drop the built-in in the 2.x series.
+  currently there are no plans to drop the builtin in the 2.x series.
   (Patched by Christian Heimes; :issue:`1739906`.)
 
 * When possible, the :mod:`getpass` module will now use
@@ -2753,7 +2753,7 @@ The functions in this module currently include:
 
 * ``filter(predicate, iterable)``,
   ``map(func, iterable1, ...)``: the 3.0 versions
-  return iterators, unlike the 2.x built-ins which return lists.
+  return iterators, unlike the 2.x builtins which return lists.
 
 * ``hex(value)``, ``oct(value)``: instead of calling the
   :meth:`__hex__` or :meth:`__oct__` methods, these versions will

Misc/SpecialBuilds.txt

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Py_TRACE_REFS                                             introduced in 1.4
 
 Turn on heavy reference debugging.  This is major surgery.  Every PyObject
 grows two more pointers, to maintain a doubly-linked list of all live
-heap-allocated objects.  Most builtin type objects are not in this list,
+heap-allocated objects.  Most built-in type objects are not in this list,
 as they're statically allocated.  Starting in Python 2.3, if COUNT_ALLOCS
 (see below) is also defined, a static type object T does appear in this
 list if at least one object of type T has been created.

Misc/python.man

@@ -165,12 +165,12 @@ and the site-dependent manipulations of
 that it entails.
 .TP
 .B \-u
-Force stdin, stdout and stderr to be totally unbuffered.  On systems
-where it matters, also put stdin, stdout and stderr in binary mode.
-Note that there is internal buffering in readlines() and
-file-object iterators ("for line in sys.stdin") which is not
-influenced by this option.  To work around this, you will want to use
-"sys.stdin.readline()" inside a "while 1:" loop.
+Force the binary I/O layers of stdin, stdout and stderr to be unbuffered.
+The text I/O layer will still be line-buffered.
+.\" Note that there is internal buffering in readlines() and
+.\" file-object iterators ("for line in sys.stdin") which is not
+.\" influenced by this option.  To work around this, you will want to use
+.\" "sys.stdin.readline()" inside a "while 1:" loop.
 .TP
 .B \-v
 Print a message each time a module is initialized, showing the place