Merge.

Doc/library/enum.rst

@@ -369,10 +369,10 @@ The usual restrictions for pickling apply: picklable enums must be defined in
 the top level of a module, since unpickling requires them to be importable
 from that module.
 
-.. warning::
+.. note::
 
-    In order to support the singleton nature of enumeration members, pickle
-    protocol version 2 or higher must be used.
+    With pickle protocol version 4 it is possible to easily pickle enums
+    nested in other classes.
 
 
 Functional API
@@ -420,6 +420,14 @@ The solution is to specify the module name explicitly as follows::
 
     >>> Animals = Enum('Animals', 'ant bee cat dog', module=__name__)
 
+The new pickle protocol 4 also, in some circumstances, relies on
+:attr:``__qualname__`` being set to the location where pickle will be able
+to find the class.  For example, if the class was made available in class
+SomeData in the global scope::
+
+    >>> Animals = Enum('Animals', 'ant bee cat dog', qualname='SomeData.Animals')
+
+
 Derived Enumerations
 --------------------
 

Lib/enum.py

@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ def _is_sunder(name):
 
 def _make_class_unpicklable(cls):
     """Make the given class un-picklable."""
-    def _break_on_call_reduce(self):
+    def _break_on_call_reduce(self, proto):
         raise TypeError('%r cannot be pickled' % self)
-    cls.__reduce__ = _break_on_call_reduce
+    cls.__reduce_ex__ = _break_on_call_reduce
     cls.__module__ = '<unknown>'
 
 
@@ -115,11 +115,12 @@ class EnumMeta(type):
         # Reverse value->name map for hashable values.
         enum_class._value2member_map_ = {}
 
-        # check for a __getnewargs__, and if not present sabotage
+        # check for a supported pickle protocols, and if not present sabotage
         # pickling, since it won't work anyway
-        if (member_type is not object and
-            member_type.__dict__.get('__getnewargs__') is None
-            ):
+        if member_type is not object:
+            methods = ('__getnewargs_ex__', '__getnewargs__',
+                    '__reduce_ex__', '__reduce__')
+            if not any(map(member_type.__dict__.get, methods)):
                 _make_class_unpicklable(enum_class)
 
         # instantiate them, checking for duplicates as we go
@@ -166,7 +167,7 @@ class EnumMeta(type):
 
         # double check that repr and friends are not the mixin's or various
         # things break (such as pickle)
-        for name in ('__repr__', '__str__', '__format__', '__getnewargs__'):
+        for name in ('__repr__', '__str__', '__format__', '__getnewargs__', '__reduce_ex__'):
             class_method = getattr(enum_class, name)
             obj_method = getattr(member_type, name, None)
             enum_method = getattr(first_enum, name, None)
@@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ class EnumMeta(type):
             enum_class.__new__ = Enum.__new__
         return enum_class
 
-    def __call__(cls, value, names=None, *, module=None, type=None):
+    def __call__(cls, value, names=None, *, module=None, qualname=None, type=None):
         """Either returns an existing member, or creates a new enum class.
 
         This method is used both when an enum class is given a value to match
@@ -202,7 +203,7 @@ class EnumMeta(type):
         if names is None:  # simple value lookup
             return cls.__new__(cls, value)
         # otherwise, functional API: we're creating a new Enum type
-        return cls._create_(value, names, module=module, type=type)
+        return cls._create_(value, names, module=module, qualname=qualname, type=type)
 
     def __contains__(cls, member):
         return isinstance(member, cls) and member.name in cls._member_map_
@@ -273,7 +274,7 @@ class EnumMeta(type):
             raise AttributeError('Cannot reassign members.')
         super().__setattr__(name, value)
 
-    def _create_(cls, class_name, names=None, *, module=None, type=None):
+    def _create_(cls, class_name, names=None, *, module=None, qualname=None, type=None):
         """Convenience method to create a new Enum class.
 
         `names` can be:
@@ -315,6 +316,8 @@ class EnumMeta(type):
             _make_class_unpicklable(enum_class)
         else:
             enum_class.__module__ = module
+        if qualname is not None:
+            enum_class.__qualname__ = qualname
 
         return enum_class
 
@@ -468,6 +471,9 @@ class Enum(metaclass=EnumMeta):
     def __hash__(self):
         return hash(self._name_)
 
+    def __reduce_ex__(self, proto):
+        return self.__class__, self.__getnewargs__()
+
     # DynamicClassAttribute is used to provide access to the `name` and
     # `value` properties of enum members while keeping some measure of
     # protection from modification, while still allowing for an enumeration

Lib/test/test_enum.py

@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@ try:
 except Exception as exc:
     Answer = exc
 
+try:
+    Theory = Enum('Theory', 'rule law supposition', qualname='spanish_inquisition')
+except Exception as exc:
+    Theory = exc
+
 # for doctests
 try:
     class Fruit(Enum):
@@ -61,14 +66,18 @@ try:
 except Exception:
     pass
 
-def test_pickle_dump_load(assertion, source, target=None):
+def test_pickle_dump_load(assertion, source, target=None,
+        *, protocol=(0, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)):
+    start, stop = protocol
     if target is None:
         target = source
-    for protocol in range(2, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL+1):
+    for protocol in range(start, stop+1):
         assertion(loads(dumps(source, protocol=protocol)), target)
 
-def test_pickle_exception(assertion, exception, obj):
-    for protocol in range(2, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL+1):
+def test_pickle_exception(assertion, exception, obj,
+        *, protocol=(0, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)):
+    start, stop = protocol
+    for protocol in range(start, stop+1):
         with assertion(exception):
             dumps(obj, protocol=protocol)
 
@@ -101,6 +110,7 @@ class TestHelpers(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
 class TestEnum(unittest.TestCase):
+
     def setUp(self):
         class Season(Enum):
             SPRING = 1
@@ -540,11 +550,31 @@ class TestEnum(unittest.TestCase):
         test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertIs, Question.who)
         test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertIs, Question)
 
+    def test_enum_function_with_qualname(self):
+        if isinstance(Theory, Exception):
+            raise Theory
+        self.assertEqual(Theory.__qualname__, 'spanish_inquisition')
+
+    def test_class_nested_enum_and_pickle_protocol_four(self):
+        # would normally just have this directly in the class namespace
+        class NestedEnum(Enum):
+            twigs = 'common'
+            shiny = 'rare'
+
+        self.__class__.NestedEnum = NestedEnum
+        self.NestedEnum.__qualname__ = '%s.NestedEnum' % self.__class__.__name__
+        test_pickle_exception(
+                self.assertRaises, PicklingError, self.NestedEnum.twigs,
+                protocol=(0, 3))
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertIs, self.NestedEnum.twigs,
+                protocol=(4, HIGHEST_PROTOCOL))
+
     def test_exploding_pickle(self):
-        BadPickle = Enum('BadPickle', 'dill sweet bread-n-butter')
-        BadPickle.__qualname__ = 'BadPickle'     # needed for pickle protocol 4
+        BadPickle = Enum(
+                'BadPickle', 'dill sweet bread-n-butter', module=__name__)
         globals()['BadPickle'] = BadPickle
-        enum._make_class_unpicklable(BadPickle)  # will overwrite __qualname__
+        # now break BadPickle to test exception raising
+        enum._make_class_unpicklable(BadPickle)
         test_pickle_exception(self.assertRaises, TypeError, BadPickle.dill)
         test_pickle_exception(self.assertRaises, PicklingError, BadPickle)
 
@@ -927,6 +957,174 @@ class TestEnum(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(NEI.y.value, 2)
         test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertIs, NEI.y)
 
+    def test_subclasses_with_getnewargs_ex(self):
+        class NamedInt(int):
+            __qualname__ = 'NamedInt'       # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            def __new__(cls, *args):
+                _args = args
+                name, *args = args
+                if len(args) == 0:
+                    raise TypeError("name and value must be specified")
+                self = int.__new__(cls, *args)
+                self._intname = name
+                self._args = _args
+                return self
+            def __getnewargs_ex__(self):
+                return self._args, {}
+            @property
+            def __name__(self):
+                return self._intname
+            def __repr__(self):
+                # repr() is updated to include the name and type info
+                return "{}({!r}, {})".format(type(self).__name__,
+                                             self.__name__,
+                                             int.__repr__(self))
+            def __str__(self):
+                # str() is unchanged, even if it relies on the repr() fallback
+                base = int
+                base_str = base.__str__
+                if base_str.__objclass__ is object:
+                    return base.__repr__(self)
+                return base_str(self)
+            # for simplicity, we only define one operator that
+            # propagates expressions
+            def __add__(self, other):
+                temp = int(self) + int( other)
+                if isinstance(self, NamedInt) and isinstance(other, NamedInt):
+                    return NamedInt(
+                        '({0} + {1})'.format(self.__name__, other.__name__),
+                        temp )
+                else:
+                    return temp
+
+        class NEI(NamedInt, Enum):
+            __qualname__ = 'NEI'      # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            x = ('the-x', 1)
+            y = ('the-y', 2)
+
+
+        self.assertIs(NEI.__new__, Enum.__new__)
+        self.assertEqual(repr(NEI.x + NEI.y), "NamedInt('(the-x + the-y)', 3)")
+        globals()['NamedInt'] = NamedInt
+        globals()['NEI'] = NEI
+        NI5 = NamedInt('test', 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NI5, 5)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertEqual, NI5, 5, protocol=(4, 4))
+        self.assertEqual(NEI.y.value, 2)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertIs, NEI.y, protocol=(4, 4))
+
+    def test_subclasses_with_reduce(self):
+        class NamedInt(int):
+            __qualname__ = 'NamedInt'       # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            def __new__(cls, *args):
+                _args = args
+                name, *args = args
+                if len(args) == 0:
+                    raise TypeError("name and value must be specified")
+                self = int.__new__(cls, *args)
+                self._intname = name
+                self._args = _args
+                return self
+            def __reduce__(self):
+                return self.__class__, self._args
+            @property
+            def __name__(self):
+                return self._intname
+            def __repr__(self):
+                # repr() is updated to include the name and type info
+                return "{}({!r}, {})".format(type(self).__name__,
+                                             self.__name__,
+                                             int.__repr__(self))
+            def __str__(self):
+                # str() is unchanged, even if it relies on the repr() fallback
+                base = int
+                base_str = base.__str__
+                if base_str.__objclass__ is object:
+                    return base.__repr__(self)
+                return base_str(self)
+            # for simplicity, we only define one operator that
+            # propagates expressions
+            def __add__(self, other):
+                temp = int(self) + int( other)
+                if isinstance(self, NamedInt) and isinstance(other, NamedInt):
+                    return NamedInt(
+                        '({0} + {1})'.format(self.__name__, other.__name__),
+                        temp )
+                else:
+                    return temp
+
+        class NEI(NamedInt, Enum):
+            __qualname__ = 'NEI'      # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            x = ('the-x', 1)
+            y = ('the-y', 2)
+
+
+        self.assertIs(NEI.__new__, Enum.__new__)
+        self.assertEqual(repr(NEI.x + NEI.y), "NamedInt('(the-x + the-y)', 3)")
+        globals()['NamedInt'] = NamedInt
+        globals()['NEI'] = NEI
+        NI5 = NamedInt('test', 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NI5, 5)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertEqual, NI5, 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NEI.y.value, 2)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertIs, NEI.y)
+
+    def test_subclasses_with_reduce_ex(self):
+        class NamedInt(int):
+            __qualname__ = 'NamedInt'       # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            def __new__(cls, *args):
+                _args = args
+                name, *args = args
+                if len(args) == 0:
+                    raise TypeError("name and value must be specified")
+                self = int.__new__(cls, *args)
+                self._intname = name
+                self._args = _args
+                return self
+            def __reduce_ex__(self, proto):
+                return self.__class__, self._args
+            @property
+            def __name__(self):
+                return self._intname
+            def __repr__(self):
+                # repr() is updated to include the name and type info
+                return "{}({!r}, {})".format(type(self).__name__,
+                                             self.__name__,
+                                             int.__repr__(self))
+            def __str__(self):
+                # str() is unchanged, even if it relies on the repr() fallback
+                base = int
+                base_str = base.__str__
+                if base_str.__objclass__ is object:
+                    return base.__repr__(self)
+                return base_str(self)
+            # for simplicity, we only define one operator that
+            # propagates expressions
+            def __add__(self, other):
+                temp = int(self) + int( other)
+                if isinstance(self, NamedInt) and isinstance(other, NamedInt):
+                    return NamedInt(
+                        '({0} + {1})'.format(self.__name__, other.__name__),
+                        temp )
+                else:
+                    return temp
+
+        class NEI(NamedInt, Enum):
+            __qualname__ = 'NEI'      # needed for pickle protocol 4
+            x = ('the-x', 1)
+            y = ('the-y', 2)
+
+
+        self.assertIs(NEI.__new__, Enum.__new__)
+        self.assertEqual(repr(NEI.x + NEI.y), "NamedInt('(the-x + the-y)', 3)")
+        globals()['NamedInt'] = NamedInt
+        globals()['NEI'] = NEI
+        NI5 = NamedInt('test', 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NI5, 5)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertEqual, NI5, 5)
+        self.assertEqual(NEI.y.value, 2)
+        test_pickle_dump_load(self.assertIs, NEI.y)
+
     def test_subclasses_without_getnewargs(self):
         class NamedInt(int):
             __qualname__ = 'NamedInt'