Initial revision

Misc/ACKS

+Acknowledgements
+----------------
+
+This list is not complete and not in any useful order, but I would
+like to thank everybody who contributed in any way, with code, hints,
+bug reports, ideas, moral support, endorsement, or even complaints....
+Without you I would've stopped working on Python long ago!
+
+	--Guido
+
+Amrit
+Mark Anacker
+Anthony Baxter
+Donald Beaudry
+Eric Beser
+Stephen Bevan
+Peter Bosch
+Terrence Brannon
+Erik de Bueger
+Jan-Hein B"uhrman
+Dick Bulterman
+David Chaum
+Jonathan Dasteel
+John DeGood
+Roger Dev
+Lance Ellinghouse
+Stoffel Erasmus
+Niels Ferguson
+Michael Guravage
+Paul ten Hagen
+Lynda Hardman
+Ivan Herman
+Chris Hoffman
+Philip Homburg
+Jack Jansen
+Bill Janssen
+Drew Jenkins
+Lou Kates
+Robert van Liere
+Steve Majewski
+Lambert Meertens
+Steven Miale
+Doug Moen
+Sape Mullender
+Sjoerd Mullender
+George Neville-Neil
+Randy Pausch
+Marcel van der Peijl
+Steven Pemberton
+Tim Peters
+John Redford
+Timothy Roscoe
+Kevin Samborn
+Fred Sells
+Denis Severson
+Michael Shiplett
+Paul Sijben
+Dirk Soede
+Per Spilling
+Quentin Stafford-Fraser
+Tracy Tims
+Bennett Todd
+Jaap Vermeulen
+Dik Winter

Misc/AIX-NOTES

+[Excerpt from an email describing how to build Python on AIX.]
+
+
+Subject: Re: Python 1.0.0 BETA 5 -- also for Macintosh!
+From: se@MI.Uni-Koeln.DE (Stefan Esser)
+To: Guido.van.Rossum@cwi.nl
+Date: Fri, 7 Jan 1994 17:40:43 +0100
+
+[...]
+
+The following are [...] Instructions
+to get a clean compile using gcc and xlc
+under AIX 3.2.4.
+
+Since I wanted to make sure that Python compiles
+using both compilers and several sets of options
+(ANSI and traditional C, optimize on/off) I didn't
+try to include bash readline or other optional 
+modules.
+
+'make test' succeeded using Python compiled with 
+the AIX C-compiler invoked as 'cc' and with options 
+'-o -qMEMMAX=4000' and compiled with 'gcc' and 
+options '-O -Wall'.
+
+There were some problems trying to compile python
+using 'gcc -ansi' (because of _AIX no longer being
+defined), but I didn't have time to look into this.
+
+
+
+Regards,
+
+Stefan Esser
+
+
+
+
+REQUIRED:
+---------
+
+1) AIX compilers don't like the LANG env
+   varaiable set to european locales.
+   This makes the compiler generate floating
+   point constants using "," as the decimal 
+   seperator, which the assembler doesnt't 
+   understand (or was it the other way around,
+   with the assembler expecting "," in float
+   numbers ???).
+   Anyway: "LANG=C; export LANG" solves the 
+   problem, as does "LANG=C $(MAKE) ..." in 
+   the master Makefile.
+
+OPTIONAL:
+---------
+
+2) The xlc compiler considers "Python/ceval.c"
+   too complex to optimize, except when invoked
+   with "-qMEMMAX=4000". 
+
+[...]

Misc/BLURB

+What is Python?
+---------------
+
+Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming
+language.  It incorporates modules, exceptions, dynamic typing, very
+high level dynamic data types, and classes.  Python combines
+remarkable power with very clear syntax.  It has interfaces to many
+system calls and libraries, as well as to various window systems, and
+is extensible in C or C++.  It is also usable as an extension language
+for applications that need a programmable interface.  Finally, Python
+is portable: it runs on many brands of UNIX, on the Mac, and on
+MS-DOS.
+
+As a short example of what Python looks like, here's a script to
+print prime numbers (not blazingly fast, but readable!).  When this
+file is made executable, it is callable directly from the UNIX shell
+(if your system supports #! in scripts and the python interpreter is
+installed at the indicated place).
+
+#!/usr/local/bin/python
+
+# Print prime numbers in a given range
+
+def main():
+	import sys
+	min, max = 2, 0x7fffffff
+	if sys.argv[1:]:
+		min = int(eval(sys.argv[1]))
+		if sys.argv[2:]:
+			max = int(eval(sys.argv[2]))
+	primes(min, max)
+
+def primes(min, max):
+	if 2 >= min: print 2
+	primes = [2]
+	i = 3
+	while i <= max:
+		for p in primes:
+			if i%p == 0 or p*p > i: break
+		if i%p <> 0:
+			primes.append(i)
+			if i >= min: print i
+		i = i+2
+
+main()

Misc/BLURB.LUTZ

+Newsgroups: comp.lang.perl,comp.lang.tcl
+From: lutz@xvt.com (Mark Lutz)
+Subject: Python (was Re: Has anyone done a tk addition to perl?)
+Organization: XVT Software Inc.
+Date: Thu, 14 Oct 1993 17:10:37 GMT
+X-Disclaimer: The views expressed in this message are those of an
+	individual at XVT Software Inc., and do not necessarily
+	reflect those of the company.
+
+
+I've gotten a number of requests for information about Python,
+since my post here earlier this week.  Since this appears to be 
+of general interest, and since there's no python news group yet, 
+I'm posting a description here.  I'm not the best authority on 
+the language, but here's my take on it.  
+
+[TCL/Perl zealots: this is informational only; I'm not trying to
+'convert' anybody, and don't have time for a language war :-)
+There is a paper comparing TCL/Perl/Python/Emacs-Lisp, which is
+referenced in the comp.lang.misc faq, I beleive.]
+
+
+What is Python?...
+
+Python is a relatively new very-high-level language developed 
+in Amsterdam.  Python is a simple, procedural language, with 
+features taken from ABC, Icon, Modula-3, and C/C++.
+
+It's central goal is to provide the best of both worlds: 
+the dynamic nature of scripting languages like Perl/TCL/REXX, 
+but also support for general programming found in the more 
+traditional languages like Icon, C, Modula,...
+
+As such, it can function as a scripting/extension language,
+as a rapid prototyping language, and as a serious software
+development language.  Python is suitable for fast development
+of large programs, but also does well at throw-away shell coding.
+
+Python resembles other scripting languages a number of ways:
+    - dynamic, interpretive, interactive nature
+    - no explicit compile or link steps needed
+    - no type declarations (it's dynamically typed)
+    - high-level operators ('in', concatenation, etc)
+    - automatic memory allocation/deallocation (no 'pointers')
+    - high level objects: lists, tuples, strings, associative arrays
+    - programs can construct and execute program code using strings
+    - very fast edit/compile/run cycle; no static linking
+    - well-defined interface to and from C functions and data
+    - well-defined ways to add C modules to the system and language
+
+Python's features that make it useful for serious programming:
+    - it's object-oriented;  it has a simplified subset of 
+      C++'s 'class' facility, made more useful by python's
+      dynamic typing;  the language is object-oriented from
+      the ground up (rather than being an add-on, as in C++)
+
+    - it supports modules (imported packages, as in Modula-3);
+      modules replace C's 'include' files and linking, and allow
+      for multiple-module systems, code sharing, etc.;
+
+    - it has a good exception handling system (a 'try' statement,
+      and a 'raise' statement, with user-defined exceptions);
+
+    - it's orthogonal;  everything is a first-class object in the
+      language (functions, modules, classes, class instance methods...)
+      and can be assigned/passed and used generically;
+
+    - it's fairly run-time secure;  it does many run-time checks
+      like index-out-of-bounds, etc., that C usually doesn't;
+
+    - it has general data structuring support;  Python lists are
+      heterogeneous, variable length, nestable, support slicing, 
+      concatenation, etc., and come into existance and are reclaimed 
+      automatically;  strings and dictionaries are similarly general;
+
+    - it's got a symbolic debugger and profiler (written in python, 
+      of course..), and an interactive command-line interface;
+      as in Lisp, you can enter code and test functions in isolation,
+      from the interactive command line (even linked C functions);
+
+    - it has a large library of built-in modules;  it has support
+      for sockets, regular expressions, posix bindings, etc.
+
+    - it supports dynamic loading of C modules on many platforms;
+
+    - it has a _readable_ syntax;  python code looks like normal
+      programming languages;  tcl and perl can be very unreadable
+      (IMHO; what was that joke about Perl looking the same after
+      rot13..);  python's syntax is simple, and statement based;
+
+
+Of course, Python isn't perfect, but it's a good compromise betweem
+scripting languages and traditional ones, and so is widely applicable. 
+'Perfect' languages aren't always useful for real-world tasks (Prolog, 
+for example), and languages at either extreme are not useful in the other 
+domain (C is poor for shell coding and prototyping, and awk is useless 
+for large systems design; Python does both well).  
+
+For example, I've used Python successfully for a 4K line expert system 
+shell project; it would have been at least twice as large in C, and would 
+have been very difficult in TCL or Perl.
+
+Python uses an indentation-based syntax which may seem unusual at first
+to C coders, but after using it I have found it to be _very_ handy, since 
+there's less to type.  [I now forget to type '}' in my C code, and am 
+busy calculating how much time I wasted typing all those '}', 'END', etc., 
+just to pander to 'brain-dead' C/Pascal compilers :-)].
+
+Python's currently at release 0.9.9.  It seems suprisingly stable.
+The first 'official' 1.0 release is due out by the end of this year.
+Python runs on most popular machines/systems (mac, dos, unix, etc.)
+It's public domain and distributable, and can be had via ftp.  The 
+distribution includes examples, tutorials, and documentation.   The 
+latest ftp address I have (I got it on a cd-rom):
+    pub/python/*  at  ftp.cwi.nl
+    pub/?         at  wuarchive.wustl.edu   (in america)
+
+There's a python mailing list maintained by the language's creator.  
+Mail 'python-list-request@cwi.nl' to get on it.  
+
+Mark Lutz
+lutz@xvt.com

Misc/COPYRIGHT

+Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum,
+Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
+
+                        All Rights Reserved
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its 
+documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, 
+provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
+both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in 
+supporting documentation, and that the names of Stichting Mathematisch
+Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
+distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.
+
+STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
+THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
+FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
+OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

Misc/Fixcprt.py

+#! /usr/local/bin/python
+
+import regex
+import regsub
+import glob
+import sys
+import os
+import stat
+import getopt
+
+oldcprt = 'Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum,\nAmsterdam, The Netherlands.'
+newcprt = 'Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum,\nAmsterdam, The Netherlands.'
+
+oldprog = regex.compile(oldcprt)
+newprog = regex.compile(newcprt)
+
+def main():
+	opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'y:')
+	agelimit = 0L
+	for opt, arg in opts:
+		if opt == '-y':
+			agelimit = os.stat(arg)[stat.ST_MTIME]
+	if not args:
+		args = glob.glob('*.[ch]')
+	for file in args:
+		try:
+			age = os.stat(file)[stat.ST_MTIME]
+		except os.error, msg:
+			print file, ': stat failed :', msg
+			continue
+		if age <= agelimit:
+			print file, ': too old, skipped'
+			continue
+		try:
+			f = open(file, 'r')
+		except IOError, msg:
+			print file, ': open failed :', msg
+			continue
+		head = f.read(1024)
+		if oldprog.search(head) < 0:
+			if newprog.search(head) < 0:
+				print file, ': NO COPYRIGHT FOUND'
+			else:
+				print file, ': (new copyright already there)'
+			f.close()
+			continue
+		newhead = regsub.sub(oldcprt, newcprt, head)
+		data = newhead + f.read()
+		f.close()
+		try:
+			f = open(file + '.new', 'w')
+		except IOError, msg:
+			print file, ': creat failed :', msg
+			continue
+		f.write(data)
+		f.close()
+		try:
+			os.rename(file, file + '~')
+		except IOError, msg:
+			print file, ': rename to backup failed :', msg
+			continue
+		try:
+			os.rename(file + '.new', file)
+		except IOError, msg:
+			print file, ': rename from .new failed :', msg
+			continue
+		print file, ': copyright changed.'
+
+main()

Misc/Makefile

+all:
+		@echo Nothing to make in this directory.
+
+clean:
+		find . '(' -name '*.pyc' -o -name core -o -name '*~' \
+			-o -name '[@,#]*' -o -name '*.old' \
+			-o -name '*.orig' -o -name '*.rej' ')' \
+			-print -exec rm -f {} ';'
+
+clobber:	clean

Misc/README

+Python Misc subdirectory
+========================
+
+This directory contains files that wouldn't fit in elsewhere, in
+particular the UNIX manual page, an Emacs mode for Python source code,
+and a list of Frequently Asked Questions (and their answers).
+
+Files found here
+----------------
+
+BLURB		A quick description of Python for newcomers
+BLURB.LUTZ	A very good blurb to show to TCL/Perl hackers
+COPYING		The GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENCE (needed because of autoconf)
+COPYRIGHT	The Python copyright notice
+FAQ		Frequently Asked Questions about Python (and answers)
+Fixcprt.py	Fix the copyright message (a yearly chore :-)
+README		The file you're reading now
+fixfuncptrs.sh	Shell script to fix function pointer initializers
+python-mode.el	Emacs mode for editing Python programs (thanks again, Tim!)
+python.man	UNIX man page for the python interpreter

Misc/RFD

+To:  python-list
+Subject: comp.lang.python RFD again
+From: Guido.van.Rossum@cwi.nl
+
+I've followed the recent discussion and trimmed the blurb RFD down a bit
+(and added the word "object-oriented" to the blurb).
+
+I don't think it's too early to *try* to create the newsgroup --
+whether we will succeed may depend on how many Python supporters there
+are outside the mailing list.
+
+I'm personally not worried about moderation, and anyway I haven't
+heard from any volunteers for moderation (and I won't volunteer
+myself) so I suggest that we'll continue to ask for one unmoderated
+newsgroup.
+
+My next action will be to post an updated FAQ (which will hint at the
+upcoming RFD) to comp.lang.misc; then finalize the 1.0.0 release and
+put it on the ftp site.  I'll also try to get it into
+comp.sources.unix or .misc.  And all this before the end of January!
+
+--Guido van Rossum, CWI, Amsterdam <Guido.van.Rossum@cwi.nl>
+URL:  <http://www.cwi.nl/cwi/people/Guido.van.Rossum.html>
+
+======================================================================
+
+These are the steps required (in case you don't know about the
+newsgroup creation process):
+
+First, we need to draw up an RFD (Request For Discussion).  This is a
+document that tells what the purpose of the group is, and gives a case
+for its creation.  We post this to relevant groups (comp.lang.misc,
+the mailing list, news.groups, etc.)  Discussion is held on
+news.groups.
+
+Then, after a few weeks, we run the official CFV (Call For Votes).
+The votes are then collected over a period of weeks.  We need 100 more
+yes votes than no votes, and a 2/3 majority, to get the group.
+
+There are some restrictions on the vote taker: [s]he cannot actively
+campaign for/against the group during the vote process.  So the main
+benefit to Steve instead of me running the vote is that I will be free
+to campaign for its creation!
+
+The following is our current draft for the RFD.
+
+======================================================================
+
+Request For Discussion: comp.lang.python
+
+
+Purpose
+-------
+
+The newsgroup will be for discussion on the Python computer language.
+Possible topics include requests for information, general programming,
+development, and bug reports. The group will be unmoderated.
+
+
+What is Python?
+---------------
+
+Python is a relatively new very-high-level language developed in
+Amsterdam.  Python is a simple, object-oriented procedural language,
+with features taken from ABC, Icon, Modula-3, and C/C++.
+
+Its central goal is to provide the best of both worlds: the dynamic
+nature of scripting languages like Perl/TCL/REXX, but also support for
+general programming found in the more traditional languages like Icon,
+C, Modula,...
+
+Python may be FTP'd from the following sites:
+
+	ftp.cwi.nl in directory /pub/python (its "home site", also has a FAQ)
+	ftp.uu.net in directory /languages/python
+	gatekeeper.dec.com in directory /pub/plan/python/cwi
+
+
+Rationale
+---------
+
+Currently there is a mailing list with over 130 subscribers.
+The activity of this list is high, and to make handling the
+traffic more reasonable, a newsgroup is being proposed. We
+also feel that comp.lang.misc would not be a suitable forum
+for this volume of discussion on a particular language.
+
+
+Charter
+-------
+
+Comp.lang.python is an unmoderated newsgroup which will serve
+as a forum for discussing the Python computer language. The
+group will serve both those who just program in Python and
+those who work on developing the language. Topics that
+may be discussed include:
+
+	- announcements of new versions of the language and
+	  applications written in Python.
+
+	- discussion on the internals of the Python language.
+
+	- general information about the language.
+
+	- discussion on programming in Python.
+
+
+Discussion
+----------
+
+Any objections to this RFD will be considered and, if determined
+to be appropriate, will be incorporated. The discussion period
+will be for a period of 21 days after which the first CFV will be
+issued.

Misc/fixfuncptrs.sh

+prog='
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*tp_dealloc\*/\)$|\1(destructor)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*tp_print\*/\)$|\1(printfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*tp_getattr\*/\)$|\1(getattrfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*tp_setattr\*/\)$|\1(setattrfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*tp_compare\*/\)$|\1(cmpfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*tp_repr\*/\)$|\1(reprfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*tp_hash\*/\)$|\1(hashfunc)\2 \3|
+
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*sq_length\*/\)$|\1(inquiry)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*sq_concat\*/\)$|\1(binaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*sq_repeat\*/\)$|\1(intargfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*sq_item\*/\)$|\1(intargfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*sq_slice\*/\)$|\1(intintargfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*sq_ass_item\*/\)$|\1(intobjargproc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*sq_ass_slice\*/\)$|\1(intintobjargproc)\2 \3|
+
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*mp_length\*/\)$|\1(inquiry)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*mp_subscript\*/\)$|\1(binaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*mp_ass_subscript\*/\)$|\1(objobjargproc)\2 \3|
+
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_nonzero*\*/\)$|\1(inquiry)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_coerce*\*/\)$|\1(coercion)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_negative*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_positive*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_absolute*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_invert*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_int*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_long*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_float*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_oct*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_hex*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
+s|^\([ 	]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ 	]*\(/\*nb_[a-z]*\*/\)$|\1(binaryfunc)\2 \3|
+
+'
+for file
+do
+	sed -e "$prog" $file >$file.new || break
+	if cmp -s $file $file.new
+	then
+		echo $file unchanged; rm $file.new
+	else
+		echo $file UPDATED
+		mv $file $file~
+		mv $file.new $file
+	fi
+done

Misc/python.man

+.TH PYTHON "3 January 1994"
+.SH NAME
+python \- an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B python
+[
+.I X11-options
+]
+[
+.B \-d
+]
+[
+.B \-i
+]
+[
+.B \-k
+]
+[
+.B \-v
+]
+[
+.B \-c
+.I command
+|
+.I script
+|
+\-
+]
+[
+.I arguments
+]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming
+language that combines remarkable power with very clear syntax.
+For an introduction to programming in Python you are referred to the
+Python Tutorial.
+The Python Library Reference documents built-in and standard types,
+constants, functions and modules.
+Finally, the Python Reference Manual describes the syntax and
+semantics of the core language in (perhaps too) much detail.
+.PP
+Python's basic power can be extended with your own modules written in
+C or C++.
+On some (most?) systems such modules may be dynamically loaded.
+Python is also adaptable as an extension language for existing
+applications.
+See the internal documentation for hints.
+.SH COMMAND LINE OPTIONS
+.TP
+.TP
+.B \-d
+Turn on parser debugging output (for wizards only, depending on
+compilation options).
+.B \-i
+When a script is passed as first argument or the \fB\-c\fP option is
+used, enter interactive mode after executing the script or the
+command.  This can be useful to inspect global variables or a stack
+trace when a script raises an exception.
+.TP
+.B \-i
+When executing a program from a file, this option enters interactive
+mode after the program has completed.  It does not read the
+$PYTHONSTARTUP file.
+.TP
+.B \-k
+This hack, eh, feature is intended to help you to find expression
+statements that print a value.  Although a feature of the language, it
+can sometimes be annoying that when a function is called which returns
+a value that is not
+.IR None ,
+the value is printed to standard output, and it is not always easy to
+find which statement is the cause of an unwanted `1', for instance.
+When this option is set, if an expression statement prints its value,
+the exception
+.I RuntimeError
+is raised.  The resulting stack trace will help you to track down the
+culprit.
+.TP
+.B \-v
+Print a message each time a module is initialized, showing the place
+(filename or built-in module) from which it is loaded.
+.TP
+.BI "\-c " command
+Specify the command to execute (see next section).
+This terminates the option list (following options are passed as
+arguments to the command).
+.PP
+When the interpreter is configured to contain the
+.I stdwin
+built-in module for use with the X window system, additional command
+line options common to most X applications are recognized (by STDWIN),
+e.g.
+.B \-display
+.I displayname
+and
+.B \-geometry
+.I widthxheight+x+y.
+The complete set of options is described in the STDWIN documentation.
+.SH INTERPRETER INTERFACE
+The interpreter interface resembles that of the UNIX shell: when
+called with standard input connected to a tty device, it prompts for
+commands and executes them until an EOF is read; when called with a
+file name argument or with a file as standard input, it reads and
+executes a
+.I script
+from that file;
+when called with
+.B \-c
+.I command,
+it executes the Python statement(s) given as
+.I command.
+Here
+.I command
+may contain multiple statements separated by newlines.
+Leading whitespace is significant in Python statements!
+In non-interactive mode, the entire input is parsed befored it is
+executed.
+.PP
+If available, the script name and additional arguments thereafter are
+passed to the script in the Python variable
+.I sys.argv ,
+which is a list of strings (you must first
+.I import sys
+to be able to access it).
+If no script name is given,
+.I sys.argv
+is empty; if
+.B \-c
+is used,
+.I sys.argv[0]
+contains the string
+.I '-c'.
+Note that options interpreter by the Python interpreter or by STDWIN
+are not placed in
+.I sys.argv.
+.PP
+In interactive mode, the primary prompt is `>>>'; the second prompt
+(which appears when a command is not complete) is `...'.
+The prompts can be changed by assignment to
+.I sys.ps1
+or
+.I sys.ps2.
+The interpreter quits when it reads an EOF at a prompt.
+When an unhandled exception occurs, a stack trace is printed and
+control returns to the primary prompt; in non-interactive mode, the
+interpreter exits after printing the stack trace.
+The interrupt signal raises the
+.I Keyboard\%Interrupt
+exception; other UNIX signals are not caught (except that SIGPIPE is
+sometimes ignored, in favor of the
+.I IOError
+exception).  Error messages are written to stderr.
+.SH FILES AND DIRECTORIES
+These are subject to difference depending on local installation
+conventions:
+.IP /usr/local/bin/python
+Recommended location of the interpreter.
+.IP /usr/local/lib/python
+Recommended location of the directory containing the standard modules.
+.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+.IP PYTHONPATH
+Augments the default search path for module files.
+The format is the same as the shell's $PATH: one or more directory
+pathnames separated by colons.
+Non-existant directories are silently ignored.
+The default search path is installation dependent, but always begins
+with `.', (for example,
+.I .:/usr/local/lib/python ).
+The default search path is appended to $PYTHONPATH.
+The search path can be manipulated from within a Python program as the
+variable
+.I sys.path .
+.IP PYTHONSTARTUP
+If this is the name of a readable file, the Python commands in that
+file are executed before the first prompt is displayed in interactive
+mode.
+The file is executed in the same name space where interactive commands
+are executed so that objects defined or imported in it can be used
+without qualification in the interactive session.
+You can also change the prompts
+.I sys.ps1
+and
+.I sys.ps2
+in this file.
+.IP PYTHONDEBUG
+If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
+the \fB\-d\fP option.
+.IP PYTHONINSPECT
+If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
+the \fB\-i\fP option.
+.IP PYTHONKILLPRINT
+If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
+the \fB\-k\fP option.
+.IP PYTHONVERBOSE
+If this is set to a non-empty string it is equivalent to specifying
+the \fB\-v\fP option.
+.SH SEE ALSO
+Python Tutorial
+.br
+Python Library Reference
+.br
+Python Reference Manual
+.br
+STDWIN under X11
+.SH BUGS AND CAVEATS
+The first time
+.I stdwin
+is imported, it initializes the STDWIN library.
+If this initialization fails, e.g. because the display connection
+fails, the interpreter aborts immediately.
+.SH AUTHOR
+.nf
+Guido van Rossum
+CWI (Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica)
+P.O. Box 4079
+1009 AB  Amsterdam
+The Netherlands
+.PP
+E-mail: Guido.van.Rossum@cwi.nl
+.fi
+.SH MAILING LIST
+There is a mailing list devoted to Python programming, bugs and
+design.
+To subscribe, send mail containing your real name and e-mail address
+in Internet form to
+.I python-list-request@cwi.nl.
+.SH COPYRIGHT
+Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum,
+Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
+.IP " "
+All Rights Reserved
+.PP
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its 
+documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, 
+provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
+both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in 
+supporting documentation, and that the names of Stichting Mathematisch
+Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
+distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.
+
+STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
+THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
+FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
+OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

Misc/renumber.py

+#! /usr/local/bin/python
+
+# Renumber the Python FAQ
+
+import string
+import regex
+import sys
+import os
+
+FAQ = 'FAQ'
+
+chapterprog = regex.compile('^\([1-9][0-9]*\)\. ')
+questionprog = regex.compile('^\([1-9][0-9]*\)\.\([1-9][0-9]*\)\. ')
+newquestionprog = regex.compile('^Q\. ')
+blankprog = regex.compile('^[ \t]*$')
+indentedorblankprog = regex.compile('^\([ \t]+\|[ \t]*$\)')
+
+def main():
+	print 'Reading lines...'
+	lines = open(FAQ, 'r').readlines()
+	print 'Renumbering in memory...'
+	oldlines = lines[:]
+	after_blank = 1
+	chapter = 0
+	question = 0
+	chapters = ['\n']
+	questions = []
+	for i in range(len(lines)):
+		line = lines[i]
+		if after_blank:
+			n = chapterprog.match(line)
+			if n >= 0:
+				chapter = chapter + 1
+				question = 0
+				line = `chapter` + '. ' + line[n:]
+				lines[i] = line
+				chapters.append(' ' + line)
+				questions.append('\n')
+				questions.append(' ' + line)
+				afterblank = 0
+				continue
+			n = questionprog.match(line)
+			if n < 0: n = newquestionprog.match(line) - 3
+			if n >= 0:
+				question = question + 1
+				line = '%d.%d. '%(chapter, question) + line[n:]
+				lines[i] = line
+				questions.append('  ' + line)
+				# Add up to 4 continuations of the question
+				for j in range(i+1, i+5):
+					if blankprog.match(lines[j]) >= 0:
+						break
+					questions.append(' '*(n+2) + lines[j])
+				afterblank = 0
+				continue
+		afterblank = (blankprog.match(line) >= 0)
+	print 'Inserting list of chapters...'
+	chapters.append('\n')
+	for i in range(len(lines)):
+		line = lines[i]
+		if regex.match(
+			  '^This FAQ is divided in the following chapters',
+			  line) >= 0:
+			i = i+1
+			while 1:
+				line = lines[i]
+				if indentedorblankprog.match(line) < 0:
+					break
+				del lines[i]
+			lines[i:i] = chapters
+			break
+	else:
+		print '*** Can\'t find header for list of chapters'
+		print '*** Chapters found:'
+		for line in chapters: print line,
+	print 'Inserting list of questions...'
+	questions.append('\n')
+	for i in range(len(lines)):
+		line = lines[i]
+		if regex.match('^Here.s an overview of the questions',
+			  line) >= 0:
+			i = i+1
+			while 1:
+				line = lines[i]
+				if indentedorblankprog.match(line) < 0:
+					break
+				del lines[i]
+			lines[i:i] = questions
+			break
+	else:
+		print '*** Can\'t find header for list of questions'
+		print '*** Questions found:'
+		for line in questions: print line,
+	if lines == oldlines:
+		print 'No changes.'
+		return
+	print 'Writing new file...'
+	f = open(FAQ + '.new', 'w')
+	for line in lines:
+		f.write(line)
+	f.close()
+	print 'Making backup...'
+	os.rename(FAQ, FAQ + '~')
+	print 'Moving new file...'
+	os.rename(FAQ + '.new', FAQ)
+	print 'Done.'
+
+main()