cmd/internal/obj: save link register in leaf function with non-empty frame on PPC64, ARM64, S390X

The runtime traceback code assumes non-empty frame has link
link register saved on LR architectures. Make sure it is so in
the assember.

Also make sure that LR is stored before update SP, so the traceback
code will not see a half-updated stack frame if a signal comes
during the execution of function prologue.

Fixes #17381.

Change-Id: I668b04501999b7f9b080275a2d1f8a57029cbbb3
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/31760Reviewed-by: Michael Munday <munday@ca.ibm.com>

src/cmd/internal/obj/arm64/obj7.go

@@ -750,27 +750,44 @@ func preprocess(ctxt *obj.Link, cursym *obj.LSym) {
 				if ctxt.Autosize == 0 {
 					break
 				}
-				aoffset = 0
 			}
 
+			// Frame is non-empty. Make sure to save link register, even if
+			// it is a leaf function, so that traceback works.
 			q = p
 			if ctxt.Autosize > aoffset {
-				q = ctxt.NewProg()
-				q.As = ASUB
+				// Frame size is too large for a MOVD.W instruction.
+				// Store link register before decrementing SP, so if a signal comes
+				// during the execution of the function prologue, the traceback
+				// code will not see a half-updated stack frame.
+				q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
 				q.Lineno = p.Lineno
+				q.As = ASUB
 				q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_CONST
-				q.From.Offset = int64(ctxt.Autosize) - int64(aoffset)
+				q.From.Offset = int64(ctxt.Autosize)
+				q.Reg = REGSP
 				q.To.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
-				q.To.Reg = REGSP
-				q.Spadj = int32(q.From.Offset)
-				q.Link = p.Link
-				p.Link = q
-				if cursym.Text.Mark&LEAF != 0 {
-					break
-				}
-			}
+				q.To.Reg = REGTMP
 
-			q1 = ctxt.NewProg()
+				q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
+				q.Lineno = p.Lineno
+				q.As = AMOVD
+				q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
+				q.From.Reg = REGLINK
+				q.To.Type = obj.TYPE_MEM
+				q.To.Reg = REGTMP
+
+				q1 = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
+				q1.Lineno = p.Lineno
+				q1.As = AMOVD
+				q1.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
+				q1.From.Reg = REGTMP
+				q1.To.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
+				q1.To.Reg = REGSP
+				q1.Spadj = ctxt.Autosize
+			} else {
+				// small frame, update SP and save LR in a single MOVD.W instruction
+				q1 = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
 				q1.As = AMOVD
 				q1.Lineno = p.Lineno
 				q1.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
@@ -779,9 +796,8 @@ func preprocess(ctxt *obj.Link, cursym *obj.LSym) {
 				q1.Scond = C_XPRE
 				q1.To.Offset = int64(-aoffset)
 				q1.To.Reg = REGSP
-			q1.Link = q.Link
 				q1.Spadj = aoffset
-			q.Link = q1
+			}
 
 			if cursym.Text.From3.Offset&obj.WRAPPER != 0 {
 				// if(g->panic != nil && g->panic->argp == FP) g->panic->argp = bottom-of-frame

src/cmd/internal/obj/ppc64/obj9.go

@@ -445,16 +445,12 @@ func preprocess(ctxt *obj.Link, cursym *obj.LSym) {
 	}
 
 	autosize := int32(0)
-	var aoffset int
-	var mov obj.As
 	var p1 *obj.Prog
 	var p2 *obj.Prog
 	for p := cursym.Text; p != nil; p = p.Link {
 		o := p.As
 		switch o {
 		case obj.ATEXT:
-			mov = AMOVD
-			aoffset = 0
 			autosize = int32(textstksiz)
 
 			if p.Mark&LEAF != 0 && autosize == 0 {
@@ -520,11 +516,49 @@ func preprocess(ctxt *obj.Link, cursym *obj.LSym) {
 			}
 
 			if autosize != 0 {
-				/* use MOVDU to adjust R1 when saving R31, if autosize is small */
+				// Make sure to save link register for non-empty frame, even if
+				// it is a leaf function, so that traceback works.
 				if cursym.Text.Mark&LEAF == 0 && autosize >= -BIG && autosize <= BIG {
-					mov = AMOVDU
-					aoffset = int(-autosize)
+					// Use MOVDU to adjust R1 when saving R31, if autosize is small.
+					q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
+					q.As = AMOVD
+					q.Lineno = p.Lineno
+					q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
+					q.From.Reg = REG_LR
+					q.To.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
+					q.To.Reg = REGTMP
+
+					q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
+					q.As = AMOVDU
+					q.Lineno = p.Lineno
+					q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
+					q.From.Reg = REGTMP
+					q.To.Type = obj.TYPE_MEM
+					q.To.Offset = int64(-autosize)
+					q.To.Reg = REGSP
+					q.Spadj = int32(autosize)
 				} else {
+					// Frame size is too large for a MOVDU instruction.
+					// Store link register before decrementing SP, so if a signal comes
+					// during the execution of the function prologue, the traceback
+					// code will not see a half-updated stack frame.
+					q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
+					q.As = AMOVD
+					q.Lineno = p.Lineno
+					q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
+					q.From.Reg = REG_LR
+					q.To.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
+					q.To.Reg = REG_R29 // REGTMP may be used to synthesize large offset in the next instruction
+
+					q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
+					q.As = AMOVD
+					q.Lineno = p.Lineno
+					q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
+					q.From.Reg = REG_R29
+					q.To.Type = obj.TYPE_MEM
+					q.To.Offset = int64(-autosize)
+					q.To.Reg = REGSP
+
 					q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
 					q.As = AADD
 					q.Lineno = p.Lineno
@@ -546,26 +580,6 @@ func preprocess(ctxt *obj.Link, cursym *obj.LSym) {
 				break
 			}
 
-			q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
-			q.As = AMOVD
-			q.Lineno = p.Lineno
-			q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
-			q.From.Reg = REG_LR
-			q.To.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
-			q.To.Reg = REGTMP
-
-			q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
-			q.As = mov
-			q.Lineno = p.Lineno
-			q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
-			q.From.Reg = REGTMP
-			q.To.Type = obj.TYPE_MEM
-			q.To.Offset = int64(aoffset)
-			q.To.Reg = REGSP
-			if q.As == AMOVDU {
-				q.Spadj = int32(-aoffset)
-			}
-
 			if ctxt.Flag_shared {
 				q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
 				q.As = AMOVD

src/cmd/internal/obj/s390x/objz.go

@@ -408,8 +408,21 @@ func preprocess(ctxt *obj.Link, cursym *obj.LSym) {
 			}
 
 			if autosize != 0 {
+				// Make sure to save link register for non-empty frame, even if
+				// it is a leaf function, so that traceback works.
+				// Store link register before decrementing SP, so if a signal comes
+				// during the execution of the function prologue, the traceback
+				// code will not see a half-updated stack frame.
 				q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, p)
 				q.As = AMOVD
+				q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
+				q.From.Reg = REG_LR
+				q.To.Type = obj.TYPE_MEM
+				q.To.Reg = REGSP
+				q.To.Offset = int64(-autosize)
+
+				q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
+				q.As = AMOVD
 				q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_ADDR
 				q.From.Offset = int64(-autosize)
 				q.From.Reg = REGSP // not actually needed - REGSP is assumed if no reg is provided
@@ -428,14 +441,6 @@ func preprocess(ctxt *obj.Link, cursym *obj.LSym) {
 				break
 			}
 
-			q = obj.Appendp(ctxt, q)
-			q.As = AMOVD
-			q.From.Type = obj.TYPE_REG
-			q.From.Reg = REG_LR
-			q.To.Type = obj.TYPE_MEM
-			q.To.Reg = REGSP
-			q.To.Offset = 0
-
 			if cursym.Text.From3.Offset&obj.WRAPPER != 0 {
 				// if(g->panic != nil && g->panic->argp == FP) g->panic->argp = bottom-of-frame
 				//

test/fixedbugs/issue17381.go

+// run
+
+// Copyright 2016 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// issue 17381: make sure leave function with non-empty frame
+// saves link register, so that traceback will work.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"runtime"
+	"unsafe"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	defer func() {
+		if recover() == nil {
+			panic("did not panic")
+		}
+		pcs := make([]uintptr, 20)
+		n := runtime.Callers(1, pcs)
+		for _, pc := range pcs[:n] {
+			if runtime.FuncForPC(pc).Name() == "main.main" {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+		panic("cannot find main.main in backtrace")
+	}()
+
+	prep()
+	f() // should panic
+}
+
+func funcPC(f interface{}) uintptr {
+	var ptr uintptr
+	return **(**uintptr)(unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&f)) + unsafe.Sizeof(ptr)))
+}
+
+//go:noinline
+func f() {
+	var t [1]int // non-empty frame
+	*(*int)(nil) = t[0]
+}
+
+var p = funcPC(runtime.GC) + 8
+
+//go:noinline
+func prep() {
+	// put some garbage on stack
+	var x = [20]uintptr{p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p, p}
+	_ = x
+}