idle governor: Avoid lock acquisition to read pm_qos before entering idle

Thanks to the reviews and comments by Rafael, James, Mark and Andi.
Here's version 2 of the patch incorporating your comments and also some
update to my previous patch comments.

I noticed that before entering idle state, the menu idle governor will
look up the current pm_qos target value according to the list of qos
requests received.  This look up currently needs the acquisition of a
lock to access the list of qos requests to find the qos target value,
slowing down the entrance into idle state due to contention by multiple
cpus to access this list.  The contention is severe when there are a lot
of cpus waking and going into idle.  For example, for a simple workload
that has 32 pair of processes ping ponging messages to each other, where
64 cpu cores are active in test system, I see the following profile with
37.82% of cpu cycles spent in contention of pm_qos_lock:

-     37.82%          swapper  [kernel.kallsyms]          [k]
_raw_spin_lock_irqsave
   - _raw_spin_lock_irqsave
      - 95.65% pm_qos_request
           menu_select
           cpuidle_idle_call
         - cpu_idle
              99.98% start_secondary

A better approach will be to cache the updated pm_qos target value so
reading it does not require lock acquisition as in the patch below.
With this patch the contention for pm_qos_lock is removed and I saw a
2.2X increase in throughput for my message passing workload.

cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@suse.de>
Acked-by: mark gross <markgross@thegnar.org>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>

include/linux/pm_qos_params.h

@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@
 #define PM_QOS_NUM_CLASSES 4
 #define PM_QOS_DEFAULT_VALUE -1
 
+#define PM_QOS_CPU_DMA_LAT_DEFAULT_VALUE	(2000 * USEC_PER_SEC)
+#define PM_QOS_NETWORK_LAT_DEFAULT_VALUE	(2000 * USEC_PER_SEC)
+#define PM_QOS_NETWORK_THROUGHPUT_DEFAULT_VALUE	0
+
 struct pm_qos_request_list {
 	struct plist_node list;
 	int pm_qos_class;

kernel/pm_qos_params.c

@@ -53,11 +53,17 @@ enum pm_qos_type {
 	PM_QOS_MIN		/* return the smallest value */
 };
 
+/*
+ * Note: The lockless read path depends on the CPU accessing
+ * target_value atomically.  Atomic access is only guaranteed on all CPU
+ * types linux supports for 32 bit quantites
+ */
 struct pm_qos_object {
 	struct plist_head requests;
 	struct blocking_notifier_head *notifiers;
 	struct miscdevice pm_qos_power_miscdev;
 	char *name;
+	s32 target_value;	/* Do not change to 64 bit */
 	s32 default_value;
 	enum pm_qos_type type;
 };
@@ -70,7 +76,8 @@ static struct pm_qos_object cpu_dma_pm_qos = {
 	.requests = PLIST_HEAD_INIT(cpu_dma_pm_qos.requests, pm_qos_lock),
 	.notifiers = &cpu_dma_lat_notifier,
 	.name = "cpu_dma_latency",
-	.default_value = 2000 * USEC_PER_SEC,
+	.target_value = PM_QOS_CPU_DMA_LAT_DEFAULT_VALUE,
+	.default_value = PM_QOS_CPU_DMA_LAT_DEFAULT_VALUE,
 	.type = PM_QOS_MIN,
 };
 
@@ -79,7 +86,8 @@ static struct pm_qos_object network_lat_pm_qos = {
 	.requests = PLIST_HEAD_INIT(network_lat_pm_qos.requests, pm_qos_lock),
 	.notifiers = &network_lat_notifier,
 	.name = "network_latency",
-	.default_value = 2000 * USEC_PER_SEC,
+	.target_value = PM_QOS_NETWORK_LAT_DEFAULT_VALUE,
+	.default_value = PM_QOS_NETWORK_LAT_DEFAULT_VALUE,
 	.type = PM_QOS_MIN
 };
 
@@ -89,7 +97,8 @@ static struct pm_qos_object network_throughput_pm_qos = {
 	.requests = PLIST_HEAD_INIT(network_throughput_pm_qos.requests, pm_qos_lock),
 	.notifiers = &network_throughput_notifier,
 	.name = "network_throughput",
-	.default_value = 0,
+	.target_value = PM_QOS_NETWORK_THROUGHPUT_DEFAULT_VALUE,
+	.default_value = PM_QOS_NETWORK_THROUGHPUT_DEFAULT_VALUE,
 	.type = PM_QOS_MAX,
 };
 
@@ -132,6 +141,16 @@ static inline int pm_qos_get_value(struct pm_qos_object *o)
 	}
 }
 
+static inline s32 pm_qos_read_value(struct pm_qos_object *o)
+{
+	return o->target_value;
+}
+
+static inline void pm_qos_set_value(struct pm_qos_object *o, s32 value)
+{
+	o->target_value = value;
+}
+
 static void update_target(struct pm_qos_object *o, struct plist_node *node,
 			  int del, int value)
 {
@@ -156,6 +175,7 @@ static void update_target(struct pm_qos_object *o, struct plist_node *node,
 		plist_add(node, &o->requests);
 	}
 	curr_value = pm_qos_get_value(o);
+	pm_qos_set_value(o, curr_value);
 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pm_qos_lock, flags);
 
 	if (prev_value != curr_value)
@@ -190,18 +210,11 @@ static int find_pm_qos_object_by_minor(int minor)
  * pm_qos_request - returns current system wide qos expectation
  * @pm_qos_class: identification of which qos value is requested
  *
- * This function returns the current target value in an atomic manner.
+ * This function returns the current target value.
  */
 int pm_qos_request(int pm_qos_class)
 {
-	unsigned long flags;
-	int value;
-
-	spin_lock_irqsave(&pm_qos_lock, flags);
-	value = pm_qos_get_value(pm_qos_array[pm_qos_class]);
-	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pm_qos_lock, flags);
-
-	return value;
+	return pm_qos_read_value(pm_qos_array[pm_qos_class]);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pm_qos_request);