Commit b2777b65 authored by Mauro Carvalho Chehab's avatar Mauro Carvalho Chehab

Documentation/ramoops.txt: convert it to ReST format

- Fix document title;
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- use monotonic fonts for config options and file names;
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Signed-off-by: default avatarMauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
parent e095f071
......@@ -5,34 +5,37 @@ Sergiu Iordache <sergiu@chromium.org>
Updated: 17 November 2011
0. Introduction
Introduction
------------
Ramoops is an oops/panic logger that writes its logs to RAM before the system
crashes. It works by logging oopses and panics in a circular buffer. Ramoops
needs a system with persistent RAM so that the content of that area can
survive after a restart.
1. Ramoops concepts
Ramoops concepts
----------------
Ramoops uses a predefined memory area to store the dump. The start and size
and type of the memory area are set using three variables:
* "mem_address" for the start
* "mem_size" for the size. The memory size will be rounded down to a
* ``mem_address`` for the start
* ``mem_size`` for the size. The memory size will be rounded down to a
power of two.
* "mem_type" to specifiy if the memory type (default is pgprot_writecombine).
* ``mem_type`` to specifiy if the memory type (default is pgprot_writecombine).
Typically the default value of mem_type=0 should be used as that sets the pstore
mapping to pgprot_writecombine. Setting mem_type=1 attempts to use
pgprot_noncached, which only works on some platforms. This is because pstore
Typically the default value of ``mem_type=0`` should be used as that sets the pstore
mapping to pgprot_writecombine. Setting ``mem_type=1`` attempts to use
``pgprot_noncached``, which only works on some platforms. This is because pstore
depends on atomic operations. At least on ARM, pgprot_noncached causes the
memory to be mapped strongly ordered, and atomic operations on strongly ordered
memory are implementation defined, and won't work on many ARMs such as omaps.
The memory area is divided into "record_size" chunks (also rounded down to
power of two) and each oops/panic writes a "record_size" chunk of
The memory area is divided into ``record_size`` chunks (also rounded down to
power of two) and each oops/panic writes a ``record_size`` chunk of
information.
Dumping both oopses and panics can be done by setting 1 in the "dump_oops"
Dumping both oopses and panics can be done by setting 1 in the ``dump_oops``
variable while setting 0 in that variable dumps only the panics.
The module uses a counter to record multiple dumps but the counter gets reset
......@@ -43,7 +46,8 @@ This might be useful when a hardware reset was used to bring the machine back
to life (i.e. a watchdog triggered). In such cases, RAM may be somewhat
corrupt, but usually it is restorable.
2. Setting the parameters
Setting the parameters
----------------------
Setting the ramoops parameters can be done in several different manners:
......@@ -52,12 +56,13 @@ Setting the ramoops parameters can be done in several different manners:
boot and then use the reserved memory for ramoops. For example, assuming a
machine with > 128 MB of memory, the following kernel command line will tell
the kernel to use only the first 128 MB of memory, and place ECC-protected
ramoops region at 128 MB boundary:
"mem=128M ramoops.mem_address=0x8000000 ramoops.ecc=1"
ramoops region at 128 MB boundary::
mem=128M ramoops.mem_address=0x8000000 ramoops.ecc=1
B. Use Device Tree bindings, as described in
Documentation/device-tree/bindings/reserved-memory/ramoops.txt.
For example:
``Documentation/device-tree/bindings/reserved-memory/ramoops.txt``.
For example::
reserved-memory {
#address-cells = <2>;
......@@ -73,60 +78,63 @@ Setting the ramoops parameters can be done in several different manners:
};
C. Use a platform device and set the platform data. The parameters can then
be set through that platform data. An example of doing that is:
be set through that platform data. An example of doing that is::
#include <linux/pstore_ram.h>
[...]
#include <linux/pstore_ram.h>
[...]
static struct ramoops_platform_data ramoops_data = {
static struct ramoops_platform_data ramoops_data = {
.mem_size = <...>,
.mem_address = <...>,
.mem_type = <...>,
.record_size = <...>,
.dump_oops = <...>,
.ecc = <...>,
};
};
static struct platform_device ramoops_dev = {
static struct platform_device ramoops_dev = {
.name = "ramoops",
.dev = {
.platform_data = &ramoops_data,
},
};
};
[... inside a function ...]
int ret;
[... inside a function ...]
int ret;
ret = platform_device_register(&ramoops_dev);
if (ret) {
ret = platform_device_register(&ramoops_dev);
if (ret) {
printk(KERN_ERR "unable to register platform device\n");
return ret;
}
}
You can specify either RAM memory or peripheral devices' memory. However, when
specifying RAM, be sure to reserve the memory by issuing memblock_reserve()
very early in the architecture code, e.g.:
very early in the architecture code, e.g.::
#include <linux/memblock.h>
#include <linux/memblock.h>
memblock_reserve(ramoops_data.mem_address, ramoops_data.mem_size);
memblock_reserve(ramoops_data.mem_address, ramoops_data.mem_size);
3. Dump format
Dump format
-----------
The data dump begins with a header, currently defined as "====" followed by a
The data dump begins with a header, currently defined as ``====`` followed by a
timestamp and a new line. The dump then continues with the actual data.
4. Reading the data
Reading the data
----------------
The dump data can be read from the pstore filesystem. The format for these
files is "dmesg-ramoops-N", where N is the record number in memory. To delete
files is ``dmesg-ramoops-N``, where N is the record number in memory. To delete
a stored record from RAM, simply unlink the respective pstore file.
5. Persistent function tracing
Persistent function tracing
---------------------------
Persistent function tracing might be useful for debugging software or hardware
related hangs. The functions call chain log is stored in a "ftrace-ramoops"
file. Here is an example of usage:
related hangs. The functions call chain log is stored in a ``ftrace-ramoops``
file. Here is an example of usage::
# mount -t debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug/
# echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/pstore/record_ftrace
......
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