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Merge work:/home/bk/mysql into serg.mysql.com:/usr/home/serg/Abk/mysql 


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BUILD/SETUP.sh
View file @ 4b570fc3
......@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ alpha_cflags="-mcpu=ev6 -Wa,-mev6" # Not used yet
pentium_cflags="-mpentiumpro"
sparc_cflags=""
fast_cflags="-O6 -fno-omit-frame-pointer"
reckless_cflags="-O6 -fomit-frame-pointer -ffixed-ebp"
fast_cflags="-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer"
reckless_cflags="-O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -ffixed-ebp"
debug_cflags="-DEXTRA_DEBUG -DFORCE_INIT_OF_VARS -DSAFEMALLOC -DSAFE_MUTEX -O2"
base_cxxflags="-felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti"
......
BUILD/compile-pentium-max 100644 → 100755
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File mode changed from 100644 to 100755
BitKeeper/etc/logging_ok
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paul@central.snake.net
monty@donna.mysql.fi
heikki@donna.mysql.fi
monty@donna.mysql.fi
paul@central.snake.net
serg@serg.mysql.com
tim@threads.polyesthetic.msg
Docs/manual.texi
View file @ 4b570fc3
......@@ -530,38 +530,27 @@ GEMINI Tables
INNODB Tables
* INNODB overview::
* INNODB start:: INNODB startup options
* Using INNODB tables:: Using INNODB tables
* INNODB restrictions:: Some restrictions on @code{INNODB} tables:
* INNODB overview::
* INNODB start:: INNODB startup options
* Using INNODB tables:: Using INNODB tables
* INNODB restrictions:: Some restrictions on @code{INNODB} tables:
MySQL Tutorial
* Connecting-disconnecting:: Connecting to and disconnecting from the server
* Entering queries:: Entering queries
* Examples:: Examples
* Searching on two keys:: Searching on two keys
* Database use:: Creating and using a database
* Getting information:: Getting information about databases and tables
* Examples:: Examples
* Batch mode:: Using @code{mysql} in batch mode
* Twin:: Queries from twin project
Examples of Common Queries
* example-Maximum-column:: The maximum value for a column
* example-Maximum-row:: The row holding the maximum of a certain column
* example-Maximum-column-group:: Maximum of column per group
* example-Maximum-column-group-row:: The rows holding the group-wise maximum of a certain field
* example-user-variables:: Using user variables
* example-Foreign keys:: Using foreign keys
Creating and Using a Database
* Creating database:: Creating a database
* Creating tables:: Creating a table
* Loading tables:: Loading data into a table
* Retrieving data:: Retrieving information from a table
* Multiple tables:: Using more than one table
Retrieving Information from a Table
......@@ -573,6 +562,17 @@ Retrieving Information from a Table
* Working with NULL:: Working with @code{NULL} values
* Pattern matching:: Pattern matching
* Counting rows:: Counting rows
* Multiple tables::
Examples of Common Queries
* example-Maximum-column:: The maximum value for a column
* example-Maximum-row:: The row holding the maximum of a certain column
* example-Maximum-column-group:: Maximum of column per group
* example-Maximum-column-group-row:: The rows holding the group-wise maximum of a certain field
* example-user-variables:: Using user variables
* example-Foreign keys:: Using foreign keys
* Searching on two keys::
Queries from Twin Project
......@@ -656,6 +656,7 @@ Speed of Queries that Access or Update Data
MySQL Utilites
* Programs:: What do the executables do?
* mysqld-max::
* safe_mysqld:: safe_mysqld, the wrapper around mysqld
* mysqld_multi:: Program for managing multiple @strong{MySQL} servers
* mysql:: The command line tool
......@@ -2486,8 +2487,14 @@ which services were discovered on which dial-up numbers in your organization.
@subheading SQL Clients and Report Writers
@table @asis
@item @uref{http://www.urbanresearch.com/software/utils/urbsql/index.html}
@strong{MySQL} Editor/Utility for MS Windows Platforms.
@item @uref{http://www.urbanresearch.com/software/utils/urbsql/index.html, urSQL}
SQL Editor and Query Utility. Custom syntax highlighting, editable
results grid, exportable result-sets, basic @strong{MySQL} admin functions,
Etc.. For windows.
@item @uref{http://www.edatanew.com/, MySQL Data Manager}
@strong{MySQL} Data Manager * is platform independent web client
(written in perl) for @strong{MySQL} server over TCP/IP.
@item @uref{http://ksql.sourceforge.net/}
KDE @strong{MySQL} client.
......@@ -5066,6 +5073,21 @@ If you want to install @strong{MySQL} at some explicit location. (The standard
binary distributions are 'ready to run' at any place, but you may want
to get even more flexibility).
@item
To be able to satisfy different user requirements, we are providing two
different binary versions; One compiled with the non-transactional table
handlers, (a small, fast binary), and one configurated with the most
important extended options like transaction safe tables. Both versions
are compiled from the same source distribution. All native @code{MySQL}
clients can connect to both @strong{MySQL} versions.
The extended @strong{MySQL} binary distribution is marked with the
@code{-max} suffix and is configured with the same options as
@code{mysqld-max}. @xref{mysqld-max}.
If you are want to use the @code{MySQL-Max} RPM, you must first
install the standard @code{MySQL} RPM.
@item
If you want to configure @code{mysqld} with some extra feature that is NOT in
the standard binary distributions. Here is a list of the most common
......@@ -5399,6 +5421,12 @@ archives and have names like @file{mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz}, where
indicates the type of operating system for which the distribution is intended
(for example, @code{pc-linux-gnu-i586}).
@item
If you see a binary distribution marked with the @code{-max} prefix, this
means that the binary has support for transaction safe tables and other
features. @xref{mysqld-max}. Note that all binaries are built from
the same @strong{MySQL} source distribution.
@item
Add a user and group for @code{mysqld} to run as:
......@@ -6153,13 +6181,13 @@ the compiler you are using:
@tindex environment variable, CXXFLAGS
@multitable @columnfractions .20 .80
@item gcc 2.7.2.1 @tab
CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -felide-constructors"
CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors"
@item egcs 1.0.3a @tab
CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti"
CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti"
@item gcc 2.95.2 @tab
CFLAGS="-O6 -mpentiumpro" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -mpentiumpro -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti"
CFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti"
@item pgcc 2.90.29 or newer @tab
CFLAGS="-O6 -mpentiumpro -mstack-align-double" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -mpentiumpro -mstack-align-double -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti"
CFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro -mstack-align-double" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro -mstack-align-double -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti"
@end multitable
In most cases you can get a reasonably optimal @strong{MySQL} binary by
......@@ -6174,7 +6202,7 @@ The full configure line would in other words be something like the
following for all recent gcc versions:
@example
CFLAGS="-O6 -mpentiumpro" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -mpentiumpro -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
CFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static
@end example
The binaries we provide on the @strong{MySQL} Web site at
......@@ -6499,9 +6527,9 @@ and @code{CXX}. For example:
@example
shell> CC=gcc
shell> CFLAGS=-O6
shell> CFLAGS=-O3
shell> CXX=gcc
shell> CXXFLAGS=-O6
shell> CXXFLAGS=-O3
shell> export CC CFLAGS CXX CXXFLAGS
@end example
......@@ -7018,8 +7046,8 @@ SPARC!
The recommended @code{configure} line when using @code{gcc} 2.95.2 is:
@example
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O6" \
CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" \
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3" \
CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-low-memory --enable-assembler
@end example
......@@ -7232,9 +7260,9 @@ experience problems with core dumps under load, you should use the
following @code{configure} command:
@example
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O6 -fomit-frame-pointer -DHAVE_CURSES_H" \
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -DHAVE_CURSES_H" \
CXX=gcc \
CXXFLAGS="-O6 -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -DHAVE_CURSES_H" \
CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -DHAVE_CURSES_H" \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql
@end example
......@@ -7680,7 +7708,7 @@ CC=ccc CFLAGS="-fast" CXX=cxx CXXFLAGS="-fast -noexceptions -nortti" ./configure
If you want to use egcs the following configure line worked for us:
@example
CFLAGS="-O6 -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --disable-shared
CFLAGS="-O3 -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --disable-shared
@end example
Some known problems when running @strong{MySQL} on Linux-Alpha:
......@@ -8496,7 +8524,7 @@ the definition in @file{pthread.h}. Here's the diff:
After this, the following configure line should work:
@example
CFLAGS="-fomit-frame-pointer -O6 -fpic" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -O6" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --disable-shared
CFLAGS="-fomit-frame-pointer -O3 -fpic" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -O3" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --disable-shared
@end example
Here is some information that a HPUX Version 11.x user sent us about compiling
......@@ -9229,19 +9257,19 @@ and are configured with the following compilers and options:
@code{CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --disable-shared --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-assembler}
@item SunOS 5.5.1 sun4u with @code{egcs} 1.0.3a
@code{CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O6 -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-low-memory --with-extra-charsets=complex}
@code{CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-low-memory --with-extra-charsets=complex}
@item SunOS 5.6 sun4u with @code{egcs} 2.90.27
@code{CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O6 -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-low-memory --with-extra-charsets=complex}
@code{CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-low-memory --with-extra-charsets=complex}
@item SunOS 5.6 i86pc with @code{gcc} 2.8.1
@code{CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS=-O3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-low-memory --with-extra-charsets=complex}
@item Linux 2.0.33 i386 with @code{pgcc} 2.90.29 (@code{egcs} 1.0.3a)
@code{CFLAGS="-O6 -mpentium -mstack-align-double -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -mpentium -mstack-align-double -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-extra-charsets=complex}
@code{CFLAGS="-O3 -mpentium -mstack-align-double -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mpentium -mstack-align-double -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --with-extra-charsets=complex}
@item Linux 2.2.x with x686 with @code{gcc} 2.95.2
@code{CFLAGS="-O6 -mpentiumpro -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -mpentiumpro -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --disable-shared --with-extra-charset=complex}
@code{CFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O3 -mpentiumpro -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --enable-assembler --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --disable-shared --with-extra-charset=complex}
@item SCO 3.2v5.0.4 i386 with @code{gcc} 2.7-95q4
@code{CC=gcc CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS=-O3 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-extra-charsets=complex}
......@@ -11628,7 +11656,7 @@ of applicable attacks: eavesdropping, altering, playback, and denial of
service. We do not cover all aspects of availability and fault tolerance
here.
@strong{MySQL} uses Access Control Lists (ACLs) security for all
@strong{MySQL} uses security based on Access Control Lists (ACLs) for all
connections, queries, and other operations that a user may attempt to
perform. There is also some support for SSL-encrypted connections
between @strong{MySQL} clients and servers. Many of the concepts
......@@ -11641,12 +11669,12 @@ When running @strong{MySQL}, follow these guidelines whenever possible:
@item
DON'T EVER GIVE ANYONE (EXCEPT THE @strong{MySQL} ROOT USER) ACCESS TO THE
mysql.user TABLE! The encrypted password is the real password in
@strong{MySQL}. If you know this for one user you can easily login as
@strong{MySQL}. If you know this for one user, you can easily log in as
him if you have access to his 'host'.
@item
Learn the @strong{MySQL} access privilege system. The @code{GRANT} and
@code{REVOKE} commands are used for restricting access to @strong{MySQL}. Do
@code{REVOKE} commands are used for controlling access to @strong{MySQL}. Do
not grant any more privileges than necessary. Never grant privileges to all
hosts.
......@@ -11654,8 +11682,9 @@ Checklist:
@itemize @minus
@item
Try @code{mysql -u root}. If you are able to connect successfully to the
server without being asked for a password, you have problems. Any user (not
just root) can connect to your @strong{MySQL} server with full privileges!
server without being asked for a password, you have problems. Anyone
can connect to your @strong{MySQL} server as the @strong{MySQL}
@code{root} user with full privileges!
Review the @strong{MySQL} installation instructions, paying particular
attention to the item about setting a @code{root} password.
@item
......@@ -11693,8 +11722,8 @@ server_host 3306} from some remote machine, where
@code{server_host} is the hostname of your @strong{MySQL}
server. If you get a connection and some garbage characters, the port is
open, and should be closed on your firewall or router, unless you really
have a good reason to keep it open. If @code{telnet} just hangs,
everything is OK, the port is blocked.
have a good reason to keep it open. If @code{telnet} just hangs or the
connection is refused, everything is OK; the port is blocked.
@end itemize
@item
......@@ -11712,14 +11741,14 @@ available data that it need not be protected. This is incorrect. At least
denial-of-service type attacks can be performed on such
databases. The simplest way to protect from this type of attack is to use
apostrophes around the numeric constants: @code{SELECT * FROM table
WHERE ID='234'} instead of @code{SELECT * FROM table WHERE ID=234}.
WHERE ID='234'} rather than @code{SELECT * FROM table WHERE ID=234}.
@strong{MySQL} automatically converts this string to a number and
strips all non-numeric symbols from it.
Checklist:
@itemize @minus
@item
All WWW applications:
All Web applications:
@itemize @bullet
@item
Try to enter @samp{'} and @samp{"} in all your Web forms. If you get any kind
......@@ -11761,7 +11790,7 @@ Users of @strong{MySQL}++:
@item
Users of Perl DBI:
@itemize @bullet
@item Check out the @code{quote()} method.
@item Check out the @code{quote()} method or use placeholders.
@end itemize
@end itemize
......@@ -11873,7 +11902,7 @@ in and check things even if all normal connections are in use.
Don't give the @strong{file} privilege to all users. Any user that has this
privilege can write a file anywhere in the file system with the privileges of
the @code{mysqld} daemon! To make this a bit safer, all files generated with
@code{SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE} are readable to everyone, and you can't
@code{SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE} are readable to everyone, and you cannot
overwrite existing files.
@tindex /etc/passwd
......@@ -11928,10 +11957,12 @@ systems that use MIT-pthreads, because the MIT-pthreads package doesn't
support Unix sockets.
@item --skip-show-database
@code{SHOW DATABASE} command doesn't return anything.
With this option, the
@code{SHOW DATABASES} statement doesn't return anything.
@item --safe-show-database
@code{SHOW DATABASE} only returns databases for which the user has
With this option,
@code{SHOW DATABASES} returns only those databases for which the user has
some kind of privilege.
@end table
......@@ -23186,7 +23217,7 @@ of both worlds.
* HEAP:: HEAP tables
* BDB:: BDB or Berkeley_db tables
* GEMINI:: GEMINI tables
* INNODB:: INNODB tables
* INNODB:: INNODB tables
@end menu
@node MyISAM, MERGE, Table types, Table types
......@@ -24181,10 +24212,10 @@ NuSphere is working on removing these limitations.
@section INNODB Tables
@menu
* INNODB overview::
* INNODB start:: INNODB startup options
* Using INNODB tables:: Using INNODB tables
* INNODB restrictions:: Some restrictions on @code{INNODB} tables:
* INNODB overview::
* INNODB start:: INNODB startup options
* Using INNODB tables:: Using INNODB tables
* INNODB restrictions:: Some restrictions on @code{INNODB} tables:
@end menu
@node INNODB overview, INNODB start, INNODB, INNODB
......@@ -24419,10 +24450,9 @@ Innodb table space will not be reclaimed.
@menu
* Connecting-disconnecting:: Connecting to and disconnecting from the server
* Entering queries:: Entering queries
* Examples:: Examples
* Searching on two keys:: Searching on two keys
* Database use:: Creating and using a database
* Getting information:: Getting information about databases and tables
* Examples:: Examples
* Batch mode:: Using @code{mysql} in batch mode
* Twin:: Queries from twin project
@end menu
......@@ -24522,7 +24552,7 @@ server. They indicate this by the @code{mysql>} prompt.
@cindex running, queries
@cindex queries, entering
@cindex entering, queries
@node Entering queries, Examples, Connecting-disconnecting, Tutorial
@node Entering queries, Database use, Connecting-disconnecting, Tutorial
@section Entering Queries
Make sure you are connected to the server, as discussed in the previous
......@@ -24744,358 +24774,10 @@ containing @code{QUIT}! This can be quite confusing, especially if you
don't know that you need to supply the terminating quote before you can
cancel the current command.
@cindex queries, examples
@cindex examples, queries
@node Examples, Searching on two keys, Entering queries, Tutorial
@section Examples of Common Queries
Here are examples of how to solve some common problems with
@strong{MySQL}.
Some of the examples use the table @code{shop} to hold the price of each
article (item number) for certain traders (dealers). Supposing that each
trader has a single fixed price per article, then (@code{item},
@code{trader}) is a primary key for the records.
Start the command line tool @code{mysql} and select a database:
@example
mysql your-database-name
@end example
(In most @strong{MySQL} installations, you can use the database-name 'test').
You can create the example table as:
@example
CREATE TABLE shop (
article INT(4) UNSIGNED ZEROFILL DEFAULT '0000' NOT NULL,
dealer CHAR(20) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
price DOUBLE(16,2) DEFAULT '0.00' NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(article, dealer));
INSERT INTO shop VALUES
(1,'A',3.45),(1,'B',3.99),(2,'A',10.99),(3,'B',1.45),(3,'C',1.69),
(3,'D',1.25),(4,'D',19.95);
@end example
Okay, so the example data is:
@example
mysql> SELECT * FROM shop;
+---------+--------+-------+
| article | dealer | price |
+---------+--------+-------+
| 0001 | A | 3.45 |
| 0001 | B | 3.99 |
| 0002 | A | 10.99 |
| 0003 | B | 1.45 |
| 0003 | C | 1.69 |
| 0003 | D | 1.25 |
| 0004 | D | 19.95 |
+---------+--------+-------+
@end example
@menu
* example-Maximum-column:: The maximum value for a column
* example-Maximum-row:: The row holding the maximum of a certain column
* example-Maximum-column-group:: Maximum of column per group
* example-Maximum-column-group-row:: The rows holding the group-wise maximum of a certain field
* example-user-variables:: Using user variables
* example-Foreign keys:: Using foreign keys
@end menu
@node example-Maximum-column, example-Maximum-row, Examples, Examples
@subsection The Maximum Value for a Column
``What's the highest item number?''
@example
SELECT MAX(article) AS article FROM shop
+---------+
| article |
+---------+
| 4 |
+---------+
@end example
@node example-Maximum-row, example-Maximum-column-group, example-Maximum-column, Examples
@subsection The Row Holding the Maximum of a Certain Column
``Find number, dealer, and price of the most expensive article.''
In ANSI SQL this is easily done with a sub-query:
@example
SELECT article, dealer, price
FROM shop
WHERE price=(SELECT MAX(price) FROM shop)
@end example
In @strong{MySQL} (which does not yet have sub-selects), just do it in
two steps:
@enumerate
@item
Get the maximum price value from the table with a @code{SELECT} statement.
@item
Using this value compile the actual query:
@example
SELECT article, dealer, price
FROM shop
WHERE price=19.95
@end example
@end enumerate
Another solution is to sort all rows descending by price and only
get the first row using the @strong{MySQL} specific @code{LIMIT} clause:
@example
SELECT article, dealer, price
FROM shop
ORDER BY price DESC
LIMIT 1
@end example
@strong{NOTE}: If there are several most expensive articles (for example, each 19.95)
the @code{LIMIT} solution shows only one of them!
@node example-Maximum-column-group, example-Maximum-column-group-row, example-Maximum-row, Examples
@subsection Maximum of Column per Group
``What's the highest price per article?''
@example
SELECT article, MAX(price) AS price
FROM shop
GROUP BY article
+---------+-------+
| article | price |
+---------+-------+
| 0001 | 3.99 |
| 0002 | 10.99 |
| 0003 | 1.69 |
| 0004 | 19.95 |
+---------+-------+
@end example
@node example-Maximum-column-group-row, example-user-variables, example-Maximum-column-group, Examples
@subsection The Rows Holding the Group-wise Maximum of a Certain Field
``For each article, find the dealer(s) with the most expensive price.''
In ANSI SQL, I'd do it with a sub-query like this:
@example
SELECT article, dealer, price
FROM shop s1
WHERE price=(SELECT MAX(s2.price)
FROM shop s2
WHERE s1.article = s2.article);
@end example
In @strong{MySQL} it's best do it in several steps:
@enumerate
@item
Get the list of (article,maxprice).
@item
For each article get the corresponding rows that have the stored maximum
price.
@end enumerate
This can easily be done with a temporary table:
@example
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp (
article INT(4) UNSIGNED ZEROFILL DEFAULT '0000' NOT NULL,
price DOUBLE(16,2) DEFAULT '0.00' NOT NULL);
LOCK TABLES shop read;
INSERT INTO tmp SELECT article, MAX(price) FROM shop GROUP BY article;
SELECT shop.article, dealer, shop.price FROM shop, tmp
WHERE shop.article=tmp.article AND shop.price=tmp.price;
UNLOCK TABLES;
DROP TABLE tmp;
@end example
If you don't use a @code{TEMPORARY} table, you must also lock the 'tmp' table.
``Can it be done with a single query?''
Yes, but only by using a quite inefficient trick that I call the
``MAX-CONCAT trick'':
@example
SELECT article,
SUBSTRING( MAX( CONCAT(LPAD(price,6,'0'),dealer) ), 7) AS dealer,
0.00+LEFT( MAX( CONCAT(LPAD(price,6,'0'),dealer) ), 6) AS price
FROM shop
GROUP BY article;
+---------+--------+-------+
| article | dealer | price |
+---------+--------+-------+
| 0001 | B | 3.99 |
| 0002 | A | 10.99 |
| 0003 | C | 1.69 |
| 0004 | D | 19.95 |
+---------+--------+-------+
@end example
The last example can, of course, be made a bit more efficient by doing the
splitting of the concatenated column in the client.
@node example-user-variables, example-Foreign keys, example-Maximum-column-group-row, Examples
@subsection Using user variables
You can use @strong{MySQL} user variables to remember results without
having to store them in a temporary variables in the client.
@xref{Variables}.
For example, to find the articles with the highest and lowest price you
can do:
@example
select @@min_price:=min(price),@@max_price:=max(price) from shop;
select * from shop where price=@@min_price or price=@@max_price;
+---------+--------+-------+
| article | dealer | price |
+---------+--------+-------+
| 0003 | D | 1.25 |
| 0004 | D | 19.95 |
+---------+--------+-------+
@end example
@cindex foreign keys
@cindex keys, foreign
@node example-Foreign keys, , example-user-variables, Examples
@subsection Using Foreign Keys
You don't need foreign keys to join 2 tables.
The only thing @strong{MySQL} doesn't do is @code{CHECK} to make sure that
the keys you use really exist in the table(s) you're referencing and it
doesn't automatically delete rows from table with a foreign key
definition. If you use your keys like normal, it'll work just fine:
@example
CREATE TABLE persons (
id SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
name CHAR(60) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
CREATE TABLE shirts (
id SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
style ENUM('t-shirt', 'polo', 'dress') NOT NULL,
color ENUM('red', 'blue', 'orange', 'white', 'black') NOT NULL,
owner SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL REFERENCES persons,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
INSERT INTO persons VALUES (NULL, 'Antonio Paz');
INSERT INTO shirts VALUES
(NULL, 'polo', 'blue', LAST_INSERT_ID()),
(NULL, 'dress', 'white', LAST_INSERT_ID()),
(NULL, 't-shirt', 'blue', LAST_INSERT_ID());
INSERT INTO persons VALUES (NULL, 'Lilliana Angelovska');
INSERT INTO shirts VALUES
(NULL, 'dress', 'orange', LAST_INSERT_ID()),
(NULL, 'polo', 'red', LAST_INSERT_ID()),
(NULL, 'dress', 'blue', LAST_INSERT_ID()),
(NULL, 't-shirt', 'white', LAST_INSERT_ID());
SELECT * FROM persons;
+----+---------------------+
| id | name |
+----+---------------------+
| 1 | Antonio Paz |
| 2 | Lilliana Angelovska |
+----+---------------------+
SELECT * FROM shirts;
+----+---------+--------+-------+
| id | style | color | owner |
+----+---------+--------+-------+
| 1 | polo | blue | 1 |
| 2 | dress | white | 1 |
| 3 | t-shirt | blue | 1 |
| 4 | dress | orange | 2 |
| 5 | polo | red | 2 |
| 6 | dress | blue | 2 |
| 7 | t-shirt | white | 2 |
+----+---------+--------+-------+
SELECT s.* FROM persons p, shirts s
WHERE p.name LIKE 'Lilliana%'
AND s.owner = p.id
AND s.color <> 'white';
+----+-------+--------+-------+
| id | style | color | owner |
+----+-------+--------+-------+
| 4 | dress | orange | 2 |
| 5 | polo | red | 2 |
| 6 | dress | blue | 2 |
+----+-------+--------+-------+
@end example
@findex UNION
@cindex searching, two keys
@cindex keys, searching on two
@node Searching on two keys, Database use, Examples, Tutorial
@section Searching on Two Keys
@strong{MySQL} doesn't yet optimize when you search on two different
keys combined with @code{OR} (Searching on one key with different @code{OR}
parts is optimized quite good):
@example
SELECT field1_index, field2_index FROM test_table WHERE field1_index = '1'
OR field2_index = '1'
@end example
The reason is that we haven't yet had time to come up with an efficient
way to handle this in the general case. (The @code{AND} handling is,
in comparison, now completely general and works very well).
For the moment you can solve this very efficiently by using a
@code{TEMPORARY} table. This type of optimization is also very good if
you are using very complicated queries where the SQL server does the
optimizations in the wrong order.
@example
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp
SELECT field1_index, field2_index FROM test_table WHERE field1_index = '1';
INSERT INTO tmp
SELECT field1_index, field2_index FROM test_table WHERE field2_index = '1';
SELECT * from tmp;
DROP TABLE tmp;
@end example
The above way to solve this query is in effect an @code{UNION} of two queries.
@cindex databases, creating
@cindex databases, using
@cindex creating, databases
@node Database use, Getting information, Searching on two keys, Tutorial
@node Database use, Getting information, Entering queries, Tutorial
@section Creating and Using a Database
@menu
......@@ -25103,7 +24785,6 @@ The above way to solve this query is in effect an @code{UNION} of two queries.
* Creating tables:: Creating a table
* Loading tables:: Loading data into a table
* Retrieving data:: Retrieving information from a table
* Multiple tables:: Using more than one table
@end menu
Now that you know how to enter commands, it's time to access a database.
......@@ -25406,7 +25087,7 @@ than a single @code{LOAD DATA} statement.
@cindex tables, retrieving data
@cindex retrieving, data from tables
@cindex unloading, tables
@node Retrieving data, Multiple tables, Loading tables, Database use
@node Retrieving data, , Loading tables, Database use
@subsection Retrieving Information from a Table
@menu
......@@ -25418,6 +25099,7 @@ than a single @code{LOAD DATA} statement.
* Working with NULL:: Working with @code{NULL} values
* Pattern matching:: Pattern matching
* Counting rows:: Counting rows
* Multiple tables::
@end menu
The @code{SELECT} statement is used to pull information from a table.
......@@ -26140,7 +25822,7 @@ mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP "^.@{5@}$";
@cindex rows, counting
@cindex tables, counting rows
@cindex counting, table rows
@node Counting rows, , Pattern matching, Retrieving data
@node Counting rows, Multiple tables, Pattern matching, Retrieving data
@subsubsection Counting Rows
Databases are often used to answer the question, ``How often does a certain
......@@ -26276,8 +25958,8 @@ mysql> SELECT species, sex, COUNT(*) FROM pet
@end example
@cindex tables, multiple
@node Multiple tables, , Retrieving data, Database use
@subsection Using More Than one Table
@node Multiple tables, , Counting rows, Retrieving data
@subsubsection Using More Than one Table
The @code{pet} table keeps track of which pets you have. If you want to
record other information about them, such as events in their lives like
......@@ -26398,7 +26080,7 @@ each column reference is associated with.
@cindex databases, information about
@cindex tables, information about
@findex DESCRIBE
@node Getting information, Batch mode, Database use, Tutorial
@node Getting information, Examples, Database use, Tutorial
@section Getting Information About Databases and Tables
What if you forget the name of a database or table, or what the structure of
......@@ -26459,12 +26141,361 @@ indexed, and @code{Default} specifies the column's default value.
If you have indexes on a table,
@code{SHOW INDEX FROM tbl_name} produces information about them.
@cindex queries, examples
@cindex examples, queries
@node Examples, Batch mode, Getting information, Tutorial
@section Examples of Common Queries
Here are examples of how to solve some common problems with
@strong{MySQL}.
Some of the examples use the table @code{shop} to hold the price of each
article (item number) for certain traders (dealers). Supposing that each
trader has a single fixed price per article, then (@code{item},
@code{trader}) is a primary key for the records.
Start the command line tool @code{mysql} and select a database:
@example
mysql your-database-name
@end example
(In most @strong{MySQL} installations, you can use the database-name 'test').
You can create the example table as:
@example
CREATE TABLE shop (
article INT(4) UNSIGNED ZEROFILL DEFAULT '0000' NOT NULL,
dealer CHAR(20) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
price DOUBLE(16,2) DEFAULT '0.00' NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(article, dealer));
INSERT INTO shop VALUES
(1,'A',3.45),(1,'B',3.99),(2,'A',10.99),(3,'B',1.45),(3,'C',1.69),
(3,'D',1.25),(4,'D',19.95);
@end example
Okay, so the example data is:
@example
mysql> SELECT * FROM shop;
+---------+--------+-------+
| article | dealer | price |
+---------+--------+-------+
| 0001 | A | 3.45 |
| 0001 | B | 3.99 |
| 0002 | A | 10.99 |
| 0003 | B | 1.45 |
| 0003 | C | 1.69 |
| 0003 | D | 1.25 |
| 0004 | D | 19.95 |
+---------+--------+-------+
@end example
@menu
* example-Maximum-column:: The maximum value for a column
* example-Maximum-row:: The row holding the maximum of a certain column
* example-Maximum-column-group:: Maximum of column per group
* example-Maximum-column-group-row:: The rows holding the group-wise maximum of a certain field
* example-user-variables:: Using user variables
* example-Foreign keys:: Using foreign keys
* Searching on two keys::
@end menu
@node example-Maximum-column, example-Maximum-row, Examples, Examples
@subsection The Maximum Value for a Column
``What's the highest item number?''
@example
SELECT MAX(article) AS article FROM shop
+---------+
| article |
+---------+
| 4 |
+---------+
@end example
@node example-Maximum-row, example-Maximum-column-group, example-Maximum-column, Examples
@subsection The Row Holding the Maximum of a Certain Column
``Find number, dealer, and price of the most expensive article.''
In ANSI SQL this is easily done with a sub-query:
@example
SELECT article, dealer, price
FROM shop
WHERE price=(SELECT MAX(price) FROM shop)
@end example
In @strong{MySQL} (which does not yet have sub-selects), just do it in
two steps:
@enumerate
@item
Get the maximum price value from the table with a @code{SELECT} statement.
@item
Using this value compile the actual query:
@example
SELECT article, dealer, price
FROM shop
WHERE price=19.95
@end example
@end enumerate
Another solution is to sort all rows descending by price and only
get the first row using the @strong{MySQL} specific @code{LIMIT} clause:
@example
SELECT article, dealer, price
FROM shop
ORDER BY price DESC
LIMIT 1
@end example
@strong{NOTE}: If there are several most expensive articles (for example, each 19.95)
the @code{LIMIT} solution shows only one of them!
@node example-Maximum-column-group, example-Maximum-column-group-row, example-Maximum-row, Examples
@subsection Maximum of Column per Group
``What's the highest price per article?''
@example
SELECT article, MAX(price) AS price
FROM shop
GROUP BY article
+---------+-------+
| article | price |
+---------+-------+
| 0001 | 3.99 |
| 0002 | 10.99 |
| 0003 | 1.69 |
| 0004 | 19.95 |
+---------+-------+
@end example
@node example-Maximum-column-group-row, example-user-variables, example-Maximum-column-group, Examples
@subsection The Rows Holding the Group-wise Maximum of a Certain Field
``For each article, find the dealer(s) with the most expensive price.''
In ANSI SQL, I'd do it with a sub-query like this:
@example
SELECT article, dealer, price
FROM shop s1
WHERE price=(SELECT MAX(s2.price)
FROM shop s2
WHERE s1.article = s2.article);
@end example
In @strong{MySQL} it's best do it in several steps:
@enumerate
@item
Get the list of (article,maxprice).
@item
For each article get the corresponding rows that have the stored maximum
price.
@end enumerate
This can easily be done with a temporary table:
@example
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp (
article INT(4) UNSIGNED ZEROFILL DEFAULT '0000' NOT NULL,
price DOUBLE(16,2) DEFAULT '0.00' NOT NULL);
LOCK TABLES shop read;
INSERT INTO tmp SELECT article, MAX(price) FROM shop GROUP BY article;
SELECT shop.article, dealer, shop.price FROM shop, tmp
WHERE shop.article=tmp.article AND shop.price=tmp.price;
UNLOCK TABLES;
DROP TABLE tmp;
@end example
If you don't use a @code{TEMPORARY} table, you must also lock the 'tmp' table.
``Can it be done with a single query?''
Yes, but only by using a quite inefficient trick that I call the
``MAX-CONCAT trick'':
@example
SELECT article,
SUBSTRING( MAX( CONCAT(LPAD(price,6,'0'),dealer) ), 7) AS dealer,
0.00+LEFT( MAX( CONCAT(LPAD(price,6,'0'),dealer) ), 6) AS price
FROM shop
GROUP BY article;
+---------+--------+-------+
| article | dealer | price |
+---------+--------+-------+
| 0001 | B | 3.99 |
| 0002 | A | 10.99 |
| 0003 | C | 1.69 |
| 0004 | D | 19.95 |
+---------+--------+-------+
@end example
The last example can, of course, be made a bit more efficient by doing the
splitting of the concatenated column in the client.
@node example-user-variables, example-Foreign keys, example-Maximum-column-group-row, Examples
@subsection Using user variables
You can use @strong{MySQL} user variables to remember results without
having to store them in a temporary variables in the client.
@xref{Variables}.
For example, to find the articles with the highest and lowest price you
can do:
@example
select @@min_price:=min(price),@@max_price:=max(price) from shop;
select * from shop where price=@@min_price or price=@@max_price;
+---------+--------+-------+
| article | dealer | price |
+---------+--------+-------+
| 0003 | D | 1.25 |
| 0004 | D | 19.95 |
+---------+--------+-------+
@end example
@cindex foreign keys
@cindex keys, foreign
@node example-Foreign keys, Searching on two keys, example-user-variables, Examples
@subsection Using Foreign Keys
You don't need foreign keys to join 2 tables.
The only thing @strong{MySQL} doesn't do is @code{CHECK} to make sure that
the keys you use really exist in the table(s) you're referencing and it
doesn't automatically delete rows from table with a foreign key
definition. If you use your keys like normal, it'll work just fine:
@example
CREATE TABLE persons (
id SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
name CHAR(60) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
CREATE TABLE shirts (
id SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
style ENUM('t-shirt', 'polo', 'dress') NOT NULL,
color ENUM('red', 'blue', 'orange', 'white', 'black') NOT NULL,
owner SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL REFERENCES persons,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
INSERT INTO persons VALUES (NULL, 'Antonio Paz');
INSERT INTO shirts VALUES
(NULL, 'polo', 'blue', LAST_INSERT_ID()),
(NULL, 'dress', 'white', LAST_INSERT_ID()),
(NULL, 't-shirt', 'blue', LAST_INSERT_ID());
INSERT INTO persons VALUES (NULL, 'Lilliana Angelovska');
INSERT INTO shirts VALUES
(NULL, 'dress', 'orange', LAST_INSERT_ID()),
(NULL, 'polo', 'red', LAST_INSERT_ID()),
(NULL, 'dress', 'blue', LAST_INSERT_ID()),
(NULL, 't-shirt', 'white', LAST_INSERT_ID());
SELECT * FROM persons;
+----+---------------------+
| id | name |
+----+---------------------+
| 1 | Antonio Paz |
| 2 | Lilliana Angelovska |
+----+---------------------+
SELECT * FROM shirts;
+----+---------+--------+-------+
| id | style | color | owner |
+----+---------+--------+-------+
| 1 | polo | blue | 1 |
| 2 | dress | white | 1 |
| 3 | t-shirt | blue | 1 |
| 4 | dress | orange | 2 |
| 5 | polo | red | 2 |
| 6 | dress | blue | 2 |
| 7 | t-shirt | white | 2 |
+----+---------+--------+-------+
SELECT s.* FROM persons p, shirts s
WHERE p.name LIKE 'Lilliana%'
AND s.owner = p.id
AND s.color <> 'white';
+----+-------+--------+-------+
| id | style | color | owner |
+----+-------+--------+-------+
| 4 | dress | orange | 2 |
| 5 | polo | red | 2 |
| 6 | dress | blue | 2 |
+----+-------+--------+-------+
@end example
@findex UNION
@cindex searching, two keys
@cindex keys, searching on two
@node Searching on two keys, , example-Foreign keys, Examples
@subsection Searching on Two Keys
@strong{MySQL} doesn't yet optimize when you search on two different
keys combined with @code{OR} (Searching on one key with different @code{OR}
parts is optimized quite good):
@example
SELECT field1_index, field2_index FROM test_table WHERE field1_index = '1'
OR field2_index = '1'
@end example
The reason is that we haven't yet had time to come up with an efficient
way to handle this in the general case. (The @code{AND} handling is,
in comparison, now completely general and works very well).
For the moment you can solve this very efficiently by using a
@code{TEMPORARY} table. This type of optimization is also very good if
you are using very complicated queries where the SQL server does the
optimizations in the wrong order.
@example
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp
SELECT field1_index, field2_index FROM test_table WHERE field1_index = '1';
INSERT INTO tmp
SELECT field1_index, field2_index FROM test_table WHERE field2_index = '1';
SELECT * from tmp;
DROP TABLE tmp;
@end example
The above way to solve this query is in effect an @code{UNION} of two queries.
@cindex modes, batch
@cindex batch mode
@cindex running, batch mode
@cindex script files
@cindex files, script
@node Batch mode, Twin, Getting information, Tutorial
@node Batch mode, Twin, Examples, Tutorial
@section Using @code{mysql} in Batch Mode
In the previous sections, you used @code{mysql} interactively to enter
......@@ -28460,7 +28491,7 @@ other operating systems and workloads.
You get the fastest executable when you link with @code{-static}.
On Linux, you will get the fastest code when compiling with @code{pgcc}
and @code{-O6}. To compile @file{sql_yacc.cc} with these options, you
and @code{-O3}. To compile @file{sql_yacc.cc} with these options, you
need about 200M memory because @code{gcc/pgcc} needs a lot of memory to
make all functions inline. You should also set @code{CXX=gcc} when
configuring @strong{MySQL} to avoid inclusion of the @code{libstdc++}
......@@ -30444,6 +30475,7 @@ We can find the result from crash-me on a lot of different databases at
@menu
* Programs:: What do the executables do?
* mysqld-max::
* safe_mysqld:: safe_mysqld, the wrapper around mysqld
* mysqld_multi:: Program for managing multiple @strong{MySQL} servers
* mysql:: The command line tool
......@@ -30462,7 +30494,7 @@ to use it, and what you should use it for.
@cindex environment variables
@cindex programs, list of
@node Programs, safe_mysqld, Tools, Tools
@node Programs, mysqld-max, Tools, Tools
@section Overview of the Different MySQL Programs
All @strong{MySQL} clients that communicate with the server using the
......@@ -30585,10 +30617,36 @@ shell> replace a b b a -- file1 file2 ...
@end example
@end table
@cindex @code{mysqld-max}
@node mysqld-max, safe_mysqld, Programs, Tools
@section mysqld-max, An extended mysqld server
@code{mysqld-max} is the MySQL server (@code{mysqld}) configured with
the following configure options:
@multitable @columnfractions .3 .7
@item @strong{Option} @tab @strong{Comment}
@item --with-server-suffix=-max @tab Add a suffix to the @code{mysqld} version string.
@item --with-bdb @tab Support for Berkeley DB (BDB) tables
@item --with-innodb @tab Support for InnoDB tables.
@item CFLAGS=-DUSE_SYMDIR @tab Symbolic links support for Windows.
@end multitable
@code{safe_mysqld} will automaticly try to start any @code{mysqld} binary
with the @code{-max} prefix. This makes it very easy to test out a
another @code{mysqld} binary in an existing installation. Just
run @code{configure} with the options you want and then install the
new @code{mysqld} binary as @code{mysqld-max} in the same directory
where your old @code{mysqld} binary is. @xref{safe_mysqld}.
The @code{mysqld-max} RPM uses this @code{safe_mysqld} feature. It just
installs the @code{mysqld-max} executable and @code{safe_mysqld} will
automaticly use this when @code{mysqld} is restarted.
@cindex tools, safe_mysqld
@cindex scripts
@cindex @code{safe_mysqld}
@node safe_mysqld, mysqld_multi, Programs, Tools
@node safe_mysqld, mysqld_multi, mysqld-max, Tools
@section safe_mysqld, the wrapper around mysqld
@code{safe_mysqld} is the recommended way to start a @code{mysqld}
......@@ -30596,6 +30654,13 @@ daemon on Unix. @code{safe_mysqld} adds some safety features such as
restarting the server when an error occurs and logging run-time
information to a log file.
If you don't use @code{--mysqld=#} or @code{--mysqld-version=#}
@code{safe_mysqld} will use an executable named @code{mysqld-max} if it
exists. If not, @code{safe_mysqld} will start @code{mysqld}.
This makes it very easy to test to use @code{mysqld-max} instead of
@code{mysqld}; Just copy @code{mysqld-max} to where you have
@code{mysqld} and it will be used.
Normally one should never edit the @code{safe_mysqld} script, but
instead put the options to @code{safe_mysqld} in the
@code{[safe_mysqld]} section in the @code{my.cnf}
......@@ -30625,6 +30690,11 @@ Path to @code{mysqld}
@item --log=path
@item --mysqld=mysqld-version
Name of the mysqld version in the @code{ledir} directory you want to start.
@item --mysqld-version=version
Similar to @code{--mysqld=} but here you only give the suffix for mysqld.
For example if you use @code{--mysqld-version=max}, @code{safe_mysqld} will
start the @code{ledir/mysqld-max} version. If the argument to
@code{--mysqld-version} is empty, @code{ledir/mysqld} will be used.
@item --no-defaults
@item --open-files-limit=#
Number of files @code{mysqld} should be able to open. Passed to @code{ulimit -n}. Note that you need to start @code{safe_mysqld} as root for this to work properly!
......@@ -41189,6 +41259,10 @@ An online magazine featuring music, literature, arts, and design content.
@itemize @bullet
@item @uref{http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov, NASA}
@item @uref{http://kids.msfc.nasa.gov, NASA KIDS}
@item @uref{http://science.nasa.gov, Sience@@NASA}
@item @uref{http://lindev.jmc.tju.edu/qwor, Qt Widget and Object Repository}
@item @uref{http://www.samba-choro.com.br, Brazilian samba site (in Portuguese)}
......@@ -42057,6 +42131,10 @@ An authentication module for the Cyrus IMAP server. By Aaron Newsome.
@appendixsec Converters
@itemize @bullet
item @uref{http://www.mysql.com/Downloads/Contrib/mssql2mysql.txt, mssql2mysql.txt}
Converter from MS-SQL to MySQL. By Michael Kofler.
@uref{http://www.kofler.cc/mysql/mssql2mysql.html, mssql2mysql home page}.
@item @uref{http://www.mysql.com/Downloads/Contrib/dbf2mysql-1.14.tar.gz, dbf2mysql-1.14.tar.gz}
Convert between @file{.dbf} files and @strong{MySQL} tables. By Maarten
Boekhold (@email{boekhold@@cindy.et.tudelft.nl}), William Volkman, and
......@@ -42860,10 +42938,13 @@ not yet 100% confident in this code.
@appendixsubsec Changes in release 3.23.37
@itemize @bullet
@item
Added @code{--mysql-version} to @code{safe_mysqld}
@item
Changed @code{INNOBASE} to @code{INNODB} (because the @code{INNOBASE}
name was already used). Note that all @code{configure} options and
@code{mysqld} start options are now using @code{innodb} instead of
@code{innobase}.
name was already used). All @code{configure} options and @code{mysqld}
start options are now using @code{innodb} instead of @code{innobase}. This
means that you have to change any configuration files where you have used
@code{innobase} options before upgrading to this version!
@item
Fixed bug when using indexes on @code{CHAR(255) NULL} columns.
@item
......@@ -48587,7 +48668,7 @@ lists the @code{mysqld} version as @code{mysql ... -debug} in this case.
If you are using gcc or egcs, the recommended configure line is:
@example
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O6" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-debug --with-extra-charsets=complex
CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O2" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O2 -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-debug --with-extra-charsets=complex
@end example
This will avoid problems with the @code{libstdc++} library and with C++
bdb/Makefile.in
View file @ 4b570fc3
......@@ -36,7 +36,11 @@ subdirs = btree build_vxworks build_win32 clib common cxx db db185 \
all:
cd $(bdb_build) && $(MAKE) all
clean:;
clean:
cd $(bdb_build) && $(MAKE) clean
distclean:
cd $(bdb_build) && $(MAKE) distclean
# May want to fix this, and MYSQL/configure, to install things
install dvi check installcheck:
......
configure.in
View file @ 4b570fc3
......@@ -359,6 +359,9 @@ else
*darwin*)
FIND_PROC="$PS -uaxww | grep mysqld | grep \" \$\$PID \" > /dev/null"
;;
*cygwin*)
FIND_PROC="$PS -e | grep mysqld | grep \" \$\$PID \" > /dev/null"
;;
*)
AC_MSG_ERROR([Could not find the right ps switches. Which OS is this ?. See the Installation chapter in the Reference Manual.])
esac
......@@ -691,7 +694,7 @@ int main()
# Some system specific hacks
#
MAX_C_OPTIMIZE="-O6"
MAX_C_OPTIMIZE="-O3"
case $SYSTEM_TYPE in
*solaris2.7*)
......@@ -795,6 +798,15 @@ case $SYSTEM_TYPE in
CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -Wa,-many -DUNDEF_HAVE_INITGROUPS"
CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -Wa,-many -DUNDEF_HAVE_INITGROUPS"
;;
dnl Is this the right match for DEC OSF on alpha?
*dec-osf*)
if test "$ac_cv_prog_gcc" = "yes" && test "$host_cpu" = "alpha"
then
echo "Adding defines for DEC OSF on alpha"
CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -mieee"
CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -mieee"
fi
;;
esac
......@@ -1333,7 +1345,7 @@ AC_CHECK_FUNCS(alarm bmove \
sigset sigthreadmask pthread_sigmask pthread_setprio pthread_setprio_np \
pthread_setschedparam pthread_attr_setprio pthread_attr_setschedparam \
pthread_attr_create pthread_getsequence_np pthread_attr_setstacksize \
pthread_condattr_create rwlock_init pthread_rwlock_rdlock \
pthread_condattr_create rwlock_init pthread_rwlock_rdlock pthread_yield\
dlopen dlerror fchmod getpass getpassphrase initgroups mlockall)
# Sanity check: We chould not have any fseeko symbol unless
......@@ -1605,10 +1617,11 @@ AC_ARG_WITH(bench,
if test "$with_bench" = "yes"
then
bench_dirs="sql-bench mysql-test"
bench_dirs="sql-bench"
else
bench_dirs=""
fi
bench_dirs="$bench_dirs mysql-test"
AC_SUBST(bench_dirs)
# Don't build readline, i have it already
......
include/global.h
View file @ 4b570fc3
......@@ -28,6 +28,19 @@
#include <os2.h>
#endif /* __EMX__ */
#ifdef __CYGWIN__
/* We use a Unix API, so pretend it's not Windows */
#undef WIN
#undef WIN32
#undef _WIN
#undef _WIN32
#undef _WIN64
#undef __WIN__
#undef __WIN32__
#define HAVE_ERRNO_AS_DEFINE
#endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(_WIN64) || defined(__WIN32__) || defined(WIN32)
#include <config-win.h>
#else
......
innobase/os/os0thread.c
View file @ 4b570fc3
......@@ -135,10 +135,12 @@ void
os_thread_yield(void)
/*=================*/
{
#ifdef __WIN__
#if defined(__WIN__)
Sleep(0);
#else
#elif defined(HAVE_PTHREAD_YIELD)
pthread_yield();
#else
os_thread_sleep(0);
#endif
}
......
mysql-test/mysql-test-run.sh
View file @ 4b570fc3
......@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bsd:/usr/X11R6/bin
which ()
{
DIRS=`echo $PATH | tr ":" " "`
IFS="${IFS= }"; save_ifs="$IFS"; IFS=':'
for file
do
for dir in $DIRS
for dir in $PATH
do
if test -f $dir/$file
then
......@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ which ()
echo "which: no $file in ($PATH)"
exit 1
done
IFS="$save_ifs"
}
......
scripts/safe_mysqld.sh
View file @ 4b570fc3
......@@ -52,7 +52,15 @@ parse_arguments() {
--core-file-size=*) core_file_size=`echo "$arg" | sed -e "s;--core_file_size=;;"` ;;
--timezone=*) TZ=`echo "$arg" | sed -e "s;--timezone=;;"` ; export TZ; ;;
--mysqld=*) MYSQLD=`echo "$arg" | sed -e "s;--mysqld=;;"` ;;
--mysqld-version=*) MYSQLD=mysqld-`echo "$arg" | sed -e "s;--mysqld-version=;;"` ;;
--mysqld-version=*)
tmp=`echo "$arg" | sed -e "s;--mysqld-version=;;"`
if test -n "$tmp"
then
MYSQLD="mysqld-$tmp"
else
MYSQLD="mysqld"
fi
;;
*)
if test -n "$pick_args"
then
......@@ -73,7 +81,7 @@ then
MY_BASEDIR_VERSION=$MY_PWD # Where bin, share and data are
ledir=$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/bin # Where mysqld is
DATADIR=$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/data
if test -z "defaults"
if test -z "$defaults"
then
defaults="--defaults-extra-file=$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/data/my.cnf"
fi
......
sql/gen_lex_hash.cc
View file @ 4b570fc3
......@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ int main(int argc,char **argv)
int error;
MY_INIT(argv[0]);
start_value=4997167L; best_t1=4533271L; best_t2=7512314L; best_type=4;
start_value=6591595L; best_t1=6947666L; best_t2=6561864L; best_type=2; /* mode=4523 add=5 type: 0 */
if (get_options(argc,(char **) argv))
exit(1);
......
support-files/mysql.spec.sh
View file @ 4b570fc3
......@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ Source: http://www.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-@MYSQL_BASE_VERSION@/mysql-%{mysql
Icon: mysql.gif
URL: http://www.mysql.com/
Packager: David Axmark <david@mysql.com>
Vendor: MySQL AB
Provides: msqlormysql MySQL-server
Obsoletes: mysql
......@@ -133,10 +134,10 @@ Summary: MySQL - server with Berkeley DB and Innodb support
Group: Applications/Databases
Obsoletes: mysql-Max
%description Max
Extra MySQL server binary to get support extra features like
transactional tables. To active these features on only have to install
this package after the server package.
%description Max
Optional MySQL server binary that supports features
like transactional tables. To active this binary, just install this
package after the MySQL package.
%prep
%setup -n mysql-%{mysql_version}
......@@ -151,11 +152,11 @@ BuildMySQL() {
# support assembler speedups.
sh -c "PATH=\"${MYSQL_BUILD_PATH:-/bin:/usr/bin}\" \
CC=\"${MYSQL_BUILD_CC:-egcs}\" \
CFLAGS=\"${MYSQL_BUILD_CFLAGS:- -O6 -fno-omit-frame-pointer}\" \
CFLAGS=\"${MYSQL_BUILD_CFLAGS:- -O3}\" \
CXX=\"${MYSQL_BUILD_CXX:-egcs}\" \
CXXFLAGS=\"${MYSQL_BUILD_CXXFLAGS:- -O6 \
CXXFLAGS=\"${MYSQL_BUILD_CXXFLAGS:- -O3 \
-felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti \
-fno-omit-frame-pointer}\" \
}\" \
./configure \
$* \
--enable-assembler \
......@@ -211,6 +212,9 @@ mv Docs/manual.ps Docs/manual.ps.save
make distclean
mv Docs/manual.ps.save Docs/manual.ps
# RPM:s destroys Makefile.in files, so we generate them here
automake
BuildMySQL "--disable-shared" \
"--with-mysqld-ldflags='-all-static'" \
"--with-client-ldflags='-all-static'" \
......@@ -295,15 +299,25 @@ chmod -R og-rw $mysql_datadir/mysql
# Allow safe_mysqld to start mysqld and print a message before we exit
sleep 2
%post Max
# Restart mysqld, to use the new binary.
# There may be a better way to handle this.
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql stop > /dev/null 2>&1
echo "Giving mysqld a couple of seconds to restart"
sleep 5
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start
sleep 2
%preun
if test -x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
then
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql stop > /dev/null
fi
# Remove autostart of mysql
if test $1 = 0
then
/sbin/chkconfig --del mysql
if test -x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
then
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql stop > /dev/null
fi
# Remove autostart of mysql
/sbin/chkconfig --del mysql
fi
# We do not remove the mysql user since it may still own a lot of
# database files.
......
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