Merge branch 'qa-123' into 'master'

First iteration to allow creating QA resources using the API

See merge request gitlab-org/gitlab-ce!21302

qa/qa.rb

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ module QA
   # GitLab QA fabrication mechanisms
   #
   module Factory
+    autoload :ApiFabricator, 'qa/factory/api_fabricator'
     autoload :Base, 'qa/factory/base'
     autoload :Dependency, 'qa/factory/dependency'
     autoload :Product, 'qa/factory/product'

qa/qa/factory/README.md

+# Factory objects in GitLab QA
+
+In GitLab QA we are using factories to create resources.
+
+Factories implementation are primarily done using Browser UI steps, but can also
+be done via the API.
+
+## Why do we need that?
+
+We need factory objects because we need to reduce duplication when creating
+resources for our QA tests.
+
+## How to properly implement a factory object?
+
+All factories should inherit from [`Factory::Base`](./base.rb).
+
+There is only one mandatory method to implement to define a factory. This is the
+`#fabricate!` method, which is used to build a resource via the browser UI.
+Note that you should only use [Page objects](../page/README.md) to interact with
+a Web page in this method.
+
+Here is an imaginary example:
+
+```ruby
+module QA
+  module Factory
+    module Resource
+      class Shirt < Factory::Base
+        attr_accessor :name, :size
+
+        def initialize(name)
+          @name = name
+        end
+
+        def fabricate!
+          Page::Dashboard::Index.perform do |dashboard_index|
+            dashboard_index.go_to_new_shirt
+          end
+
+          Page::Shirt::New.perform do |shirt_new|
+            shirt_new.set_name(name)
+            shirt_new.create_shirt!
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Define API implementation
+
+A factory may also implement the three following methods to be able to create a
+resource via the public GitLab API:
+
+- `#api_get_path`: The `GET` path to fetch an existing resource.
+- `#api_post_path`: The `POST` path to create a new resource.
+- `#api_post_body`: The `POST` body (as a Ruby hash) to create a new resource.
+
+Let's take the `Shirt` factory example, and add these three API methods:
+
+```ruby
+module QA
+  module Factory
+    module Resource
+      class Shirt < Factory::Base
+        attr_accessor :name, :size
+
+        def initialize(name)
+          @name = name
+        end
+
+        def fabricate!
+          Page::Dashboard::Index.perform do |dashboard_index|
+            dashboard_index.go_to_new_shirt
+          end
+
+          Page::Shirt::New.perform do |shirt_new|
+            shirt_new.set_name(name)
+            shirt_new.create_shirt!
+          end
+        end
+
+        def api_get_path
+          "/shirt/#{name}"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_path
+          "/shirts"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_body
+          {
+            name: name
+          }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+The [`Project` factory](./resource/project.rb) is a good real example of Browser
+UI and API implementations.
+
+### Define dependencies
+
+A resource may need an other resource to exist first. For instance, a project
+needs a group to be created in.
+
+To define a dependency, you can use the `dependency` DSL method.
+The first argument is a factory class, then you should pass `as: <name>` to give
+a name to the dependency.
+That will allow access to the dependency from your resource object's methods.
+You would usually use it in `#fabricate!`, `#api_get_path`, `#api_post_path`,
+`#api_post_body`.
+
+Let's take the `Shirt` factory, and add a `project` dependency to it:
+
+```ruby
+module QA
+  module Factory
+    module Resource
+      class Shirt < Factory::Base
+        attr_accessor :name, :size
+
+        dependency Factory::Resource::Project, as: :project do |project|
+          project.name = 'project-to-create-a-shirt'
+        end
+
+        def initialize(name)
+          @name = name
+        end
+
+        def fabricate!
+          project.visit!
+
+          Page::Project::Show.perform do |project_show|
+            project_show.go_to_new_shirt
+          end
+
+          Page::Shirt::New.perform do |shirt_new|
+            shirt_new.set_name(name)
+            shirt_new.create_shirt!
+          end
+        end
+
+        def api_get_path
+          "/project/#{project.path}/shirt/#{name}"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_path
+          "/project/#{project.path}/shirts"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_body
+          {
+            name: name
+          }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+**Note that dependencies are always built via the API fabrication method if
+supported by their factories.**
+
+### Define attributes on the created resource
+
+Once created, you may want to populate a resource with attributes that can be
+found in the Web page, or in the API response.
+For instance, once you create a project, you may want to store its repository
+SSH URL as an attribute.
+
+To define an attribute, you can use the `product` DSL method.
+The first argument is the attribute name, then you should define a name for the
+dependency to be accessible from your resource object's methods.
+
+Let's take the `Shirt` factory, and define a `:brand` attribute:
+
+```ruby
+module QA
+  module Factory
+    module Resource
+      class Shirt < Factory::Base
+        attr_accessor :name, :size
+
+        dependency Factory::Resource::Project, as: :project do |project|
+          project.name = 'project-to-create-a-shirt'
+        end
+
+        # Attribute populated from the Browser UI (using the block)
+        product :brand do
+          Page::Shirt::Show.perform do |shirt_show|
+            shirt_show.fetch_brand_from_page
+          end
+        end
+
+        def initialize(name)
+          @name = name
+        end
+
+        def fabricate!
+          project.visit!
+
+          Page::Project::Show.perform do |project_show|
+            project_show.go_to_new_shirt
+          end
+
+          Page::Shirt::New.perform do |shirt_new|
+            shirt_new.set_name(name)
+            shirt_new.create_shirt!
+          end
+        end
+
+        def api_get_path
+          "/project/#{project.path}/shirt/#{name}"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_path
+          "/project/#{project.path}/shirts"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_body
+          {
+            name: name
+          }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+#### Inherit a factory's attribute
+
+Sometimes, you want a resource to inherit its factory attributes. For instance,
+it could be useful to pass the `size` attribute from the `Shirt` factory to the
+created resource.
+You can do that by defining `product :attribute_name` without a block.
+
+Let's take the `Shirt` factory, and define a `:name` and a `:size` attributes:
+
+```ruby
+module QA
+  module Factory
+    module Resource
+      class Shirt < Factory::Base
+        attr_accessor :name, :size
+
+        dependency Factory::Resource::Project, as: :project do |project|
+          project.name = 'project-to-create-a-shirt'
+        end
+
+        # Attribute inherited from the Shirt factory if present,
+        # or from the Browser UI otherwise (using the block)
+        product :brand do
+          Page::Shirt::Show.perform do |shirt_show|
+            shirt_show.fetch_brand_from_page
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Attribute inherited from the Shirt factory if present,
+        # or a QA::Factory::Product::NoValueError is raised otherwise
+        product :name
+        product :size
+
+        def initialize(name)
+          @name = name
+        end
+
+        def fabricate!
+          project.visit!
+
+          Page::Project::Show.perform do |project_show|
+            project_show.go_to_new_shirt
+          end
+
+          Page::Shirt::New.perform do |shirt_new|
+            shirt_new.set_name(name)
+            shirt_new.create_shirt!
+          end
+        end
+
+        def api_get_path
+          "/project/#{project.path}/shirt/#{name}"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_path
+          "/project/#{project.path}/shirts"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_body
+          {
+            name: name
+          }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+#### Define an attribute based on an API response
+
+Sometimes, you want to define a resource attribute based on the API response
+from its `GET` or `POST` request. For instance, if the creation of a shirt via
+the API returns
+
+```ruby
+{
+  brand: 'a-brand-new-brand',
+  size: 'extra-small',
+  style: 't-shirt',
+  materials: [[:cotton, 80], [:polyamide, 20]]
+}
+```
+
+you may want to store `style` as-is in the resource, and fetch the first value
+of the first `materials` item in a `main_fabric` attribute.
+
+For both attributes, you will need to define an inherited attribute, as shown
+in "Inherit a factory's attribute" above, but in the case of `main_fabric`, you
+will need to implement the
+`#transform_api_resource` method to first populate the `:main_fabric` key in the
+API response so that it can be used later to automatically populate the
+attribute on your resource.
+
+If an attribute can only be retrieved from the API response, you should define
+a block to give it a default value, otherwise you could get a
+`QA::Factory::Product::NoValueError` when creating your resource via the
+Browser UI.
+
+Let's take the `Shirt` factory, and define a `:style` and a `:main_fabric`
+attributes:
+
+```ruby
+module QA
+  module Factory
+    module Resource
+      class Shirt < Factory::Base
+        attr_accessor :name, :size
+
+        dependency Factory::Resource::Project, as: :project do |project|
+          project.name = 'project-to-create-a-shirt'
+        end
+
+        # Attribute fetched from the API response if present if present,
+        # or from the Shirt factory if present,
+        # or from the Browser UI otherwise (using the block)
+        product :brand do
+          Page::Shirt::Show.perform do |shirt_show|
+            shirt_show.fetch_brand_from_page
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Attribute fetched from the API response if present if present,
+        # or from the Shirt factory if present,
+        # or a QA::Factory::Product::NoValueError is raised otherwise
+        product :name
+        product :size
+        product :style do
+          'unknown'
+        end
+        product :main_fabric do
+          'unknown'
+        end
+
+        def initialize(name)
+          @name = name
+        end
+
+        def fabricate!
+          project.visit!
+
+          Page::Project::Show.perform do |project_show|
+            project_show.go_to_new_shirt
+          end
+
+          Page::Shirt::New.perform do |shirt_new|
+            shirt_new.set_name(name)
+            shirt_new.create_shirt!
+          end
+        end
+
+        def api_get_path
+          "/project/#{project.path}/shirt/#{name}"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_path
+          "/project/#{project.path}/shirts"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_body
+          {
+            name: name
+          }
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        def transform_api_resource(api_response)
+          api_response[:main_fabric] = api_response[:materials][0][0]
+          api_response
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+**Notes on attributes precedence:**
+
+- attributes from the API response take precedence over attributes from the
+  factory (i.e inherited)
+- attributes from the factory (i.e inherited) take precedence over attributes
+  from the Browser UI
+- attributes without a value will raise a `QA::Factory::Product::NoValueError` error
+
+## Creating resources in your tests
+
+To create a resource in your tests, you can call the `.fabricate!` method on the
+factory class.
+Note that if the factory supports API fabrication, this will use this
+fabrication by default.
+
+Here is an example that will use the API fabrication method under the hood since
+it's supported by the `Shirt` factory:
+
+```ruby
+my_shirt = Factory::Resource::Shirt.fabricate!('my-shirt') do |shirt|
+  shirt.size = 'small'
+end
+
+expect(page).to have_text(my_shirt.brand) # => "a-brand-new-brand" from the API response
+expect(page).to have_text(my_shirt.name) # => "my-shirt" from the inherited factory's attribute
+expect(page).to have_text(my_shirt.size) # => "extra-small" from the API response
+expect(page).to have_text(my_shirt.style) # => "t-shirt" from the API response
+expect(page).to have_text(my_shirt.main_fabric) # => "cotton" from the (transformed) API response
+```
+
+If you explicitely want to use the Browser UI fabrication method, you can call
+the `.fabricate_via_browser_ui!` method instead:
+
+```ruby
+my_shirt = Factory::Resource::Shirt.fabricate_via_browser_ui!('my-shirt') do |shirt|
+  shirt.size = 'small'
+end
+
+expect(page).to have_text(my_shirt.brand) # => the brand name fetched from the `Page::Shirt::Show` page
+expect(page).to have_text(my_shirt.name) # => "my-shirt" from the inherited factory's attribute
+expect(page).to have_text(my_shirt.size) # => "small" from the inherited factory's attribute
+expect(page).to have_text(my_shirt.style) # => "unknown" from the attribute block
+expect(page).to have_text(my_shirt.main_fabric) # => "unknown" from the attribute block
+```
+
+You can also explicitely use the API fabrication method, by calling the
+`.fabricate_via_api!` method:
+
+```ruby
+my_shirt = Factory::Resource::Shirt.fabricate_via_api!('my-shirt') do |shirt|
+  shirt.size = 'small'
+end
+```
+
+In this case, the result will be similar to calling `Factory::Resource::Shirt.fabricate!('my-shirt')`.
+
+## Where to ask for help?
+
+If you need more information, ask for help on `#quality` channel on Slack
+(internal, GitLab Team only).
+
+If you are not a Team Member, and you still need help to contribute, please
+open an issue in GitLab CE issue tracker with the `~QA` label.

qa/qa/factory/api_fabricator.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'airborne'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/deep_dup'
+require 'capybara/dsl'
+
+module QA
+  module Factory
+    module ApiFabricator
+      include Airborne
+      include Capybara::DSL
+
+      HTTP_STATUS_OK = 200
+      HTTP_STATUS_CREATED = 201
+
+      ResourceNotFoundError = Class.new(RuntimeError)
+      ResourceFabricationFailedError = Class.new(RuntimeError)
+      ResourceURLMissingError = Class.new(RuntimeError)
+
+      attr_reader :api_resource, :api_response
+
+      def api_support?
+        respond_to?(:api_get_path) &&
+          respond_to?(:api_post_path) &&
+          respond_to?(:api_post_body)
+      end
+
+      def fabricate_via_api!
+        unless api_support?
+          raise NotImplementedError, "Factory #{self.class.name} does not support fabrication via the API!"
+        end
+
+        resource_web_url(api_post)
+      end
+
+      def eager_load_api_client!
+        api_client.tap do |client|
+          # Eager-load the API client so that the personal token creation isn't
+          # taken in account in the actual resource creation timing.
+          client.personal_access_token
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      attr_writer :api_resource, :api_response
+
+      def resource_web_url(resource)
+        resource.fetch(:web_url) do
+          raise ResourceURLMissingError, "API resource for #{self.class.name} does not expose a `web_url` property: `#{resource}`."
+        end
+      end
+
+      def api_get
+        url = Runtime::API::Request.new(api_client, api_get_path).url
+        response = get(url)
+
+        unless response.code == HTTP_STATUS_OK
+          raise ResourceNotFoundError, "Resource at #{url} could not be found (#{response.code}): `#{response}`."
+        end
+
+        process_api_response(parse_body(response))
+      end
+
+      def api_post
+        response = post(
+          Runtime::API::Request.new(api_client, api_post_path).url,
+          api_post_body)
+
+        unless response.code == HTTP_STATUS_CREATED
+          raise ResourceFabricationFailedError, "Fabrication of #{self.class.name} using the API failed (#{response.code}) with `#{response}`."
+        end
+
+        process_api_response(parse_body(response))
+      end
+
+      def api_client
+        @api_client ||= begin
+          Runtime::API::Client.new(:gitlab, is_new_session: !current_url.start_with?('http'))
+        end
+      end
+
+      def parse_body(response)
+        JSON.parse(response.body, symbolize_names: true)
+      end
+
+      def process_api_response(parsed_response)
+        self.api_response = parsed_response
+        self.api_resource = transform_api_resource(parsed_response.deep_dup)
+      end
+
+      def transform_api_resource(resource)
+        resource
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

qa/qa/factory/base.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'forwardable'
+require 'capybara/dsl'
 
 module QA
   module Factory
     class Base
       extend SingleForwardable
+      include ApiFabricator
+      extend Capybara::DSL
 
       def_delegators :evaluator, :dependency, :dependencies
       def_delegators :evaluator, :product, :attributes
@@ -12,46 +17,96 @@ module QA
         raise NotImplementedError
       end
 
-      def self.fabricate!(*args)
-        new.tap do |factory|
-          yield factory if block_given?
+      def self.fabricate!(*args, &prepare_block)
+        fabricate_via_api!(*args, &prepare_block)
+      rescue NotImplementedError
+        fabricate_via_browser_ui!(*args, &prepare_block)
+      end
 
-          dependencies.each do |name, signature|
-            Factory::Dependency.new(name, factory, signature).build!
-          end
+      def self.fabricate_via_browser_ui!(*args, &prepare_block)
+        options = args.extract_options!
+        factory = options.fetch(:factory) { new }
+        parents = options.fetch(:parents) { [] }
+
+        do_fabricate!(factory: factory, prepare_block: prepare_block, parents: parents) do
+          log_fabrication(:browser_ui, factory, parents, args) { factory.fabricate!(*args) }
+
+          current_url
+        end
+      end
+
+      def self.fabricate_via_api!(*args, &prepare_block)
+        options = args.extract_options!
+        factory = options.fetch(:factory) { new }
+        parents = options.fetch(:parents) { [] }
+
+        raise NotImplementedError unless factory.api_support?
+
+        factory.eager_load_api_client!
+
+        do_fabricate!(factory: factory, prepare_block: prepare_block, parents: parents) do
+          log_fabrication(:api, factory, parents, args) { factory.fabricate_via_api! }
+        end
+      end
+
+      def self.do_fabricate!(factory:, prepare_block:, parents: [])
+        prepare_block.call(factory) if prepare_block
+
+        dependencies.each do |signature|
+          Factory::Dependency.new(factory, signature).build!(parents: parents + [self])
+        end
+
+        resource_web_url = yield
+
+        Factory::Product.populate!(factory, resource_web_url)
+      end
+      private_class_method :do_fabricate!
+
+      def self.log_fabrication(method, factory, parents, args)
+        return yield unless Runtime::Env.verbose?
 
-          factory.fabricate!(*args)
+        start = Time.now
+        prefix = "==#{'=' * parents.size}>"
+        msg = [prefix]
+        msg << "Built a #{name}"
+        msg << "as a dependency of #{parents.last}" if parents.any?
+        msg << "via #{method} with args #{args}"
 
-          break Factory::Product.populate!(factory)
+        yield.tap do
+          msg << "in #{Time.now - start} seconds"
+          puts msg.join(' ')
+          puts if parents.empty?
         end
       end
+      private_class_method :log_fabrication
 
       def self.evaluator
         @evaluator ||= Factory::Base::DSL.new(self)
       end
+      private_class_method :evaluator
 
       class DSL
         attr_reader :dependencies, :attributes
 
         def initialize(base)
           @base = base
-          @dependencies = {}
-          @attributes = {}
+          @dependencies = []
+          @attributes = []
         end
 
         def dependency(factory, as:, &block)
           as.tap do |name|
             @base.class_eval { attr_accessor name }
 
-            Dependency::Signature.new(factory, block).tap do |signature|
-              @dependencies.store(name, signature)
+            Dependency::Signature.new(name, factory, block).tap do |signature|
+              @dependencies << signature
             end
           end
         end
 
         def product(attribute, &block)
           Product::Attribute.new(attribute, block).tap do |signature|
-            @attributes.store(attribute, signature)
+            @attributes << signature
           end
         end
       end

qa/qa/factory/dependency.rb

 module QA
   module Factory
     class Dependency
-      Signature = Struct.new(:factory, :block)
+      Signature = Struct.new(:name, :factory, :block)
 
-      def initialize(name, factory, signature)
-        @name = name
-        @factory = factory
-        @signature = signature
+      def initialize(caller_factory, dependency_signature)
+        @caller_factory = caller_factory
+        @dependency_signature = dependency_signature
       end
 
       def overridden?
-        !!@factory.public_send(@name)
+        !!@caller_factory.public_send(@dependency_signature.name)
       end
 
-      def build!
+      def build!(parents: [])
         return if overridden?
 
-        Builder.new(@signature, @factory).fabricate!.tap do |product|
-          @factory.public_send("#{@name}=", product)
-        end
-      end
-
-      class Builder
-        def initialize(signature, caller_factory)
-          @factory = signature.factory
-          @block = signature.block
-          @caller_factory = caller_factory
+        dependency = @dependency_signature.factory.fabricate!(parents: parents) do |factory|
+          @dependency_signature.block&.call(factory, @caller_factory)
         end
 
-        def fabricate!
-          @factory.fabricate! do |factory|
-            @block&.call(factory, @caller_factory)
-          end
+        dependency.tap do |dependency|
+          @caller_factory.public_send("#{@dependency_signature.name}=", dependency)
         end
       end
     end

qa/qa/factory/product.rb

@@ -5,26 +5,46 @@ module QA
     class Product
       include Capybara::DSL
 
+      NoValueError = Class.new(RuntimeError)
+
+      attr_reader :factory, :web_url
+
       Attribute = Struct.new(:name, :block)
 
-      def initialize
-        @location = current_url
+      def initialize(factory, web_url)
+        @factory = factory
+        @web_url = web_url
+
+        populate_attributes!
       end
 
       def visit!
-        visit @location
+        visit(web_url)
+      end
+
+      def self.populate!(factory, web_url)
+        new(factory, web_url)
       end
 
-      def self.populate!(factory)
-        new.tap do |product|
-          factory.class.attributes.each_value do |attribute|
-            product.instance_exec(factory, attribute.block) do |factory, block|
-              value = block.call(factory)
-              product.define_singleton_method(attribute.name) { value }
-            end
+      private
+
+      def populate_attributes!
+        factory.class.attributes.each do |attribute|
+          instance_exec(factory, attribute.block) do |factory, block|
+            value = attribute_value(attribute, block)
+
+            raise NoValueError, "No value was computed for product #{attribute.name} of factory #{factory.class.name}." unless value
+
+            define_singleton_method(attribute.name) { value }
           end
         end
       end
+
+      def attribute_value(attribute, block)
+        factory.api_resource&.dig(attribute.name) ||
+          (block && block.call(factory)) ||
+          (factory.respond_to?(attribute.name) && factory.public_send(attribute.name))
+      end
     end
   end
 end

qa/qa/factory/repository/project_push.rb

@@ -7,13 +7,8 @@ module QA
           project.description = 'Project with repository'
         end
 
-        product :output do |factory|
-          factory.output
-        end
-
-        product :project do |factory|
-          factory.project
-        end
+        product :output
+        product :project
 
         def initialize
           @file_name = 'file.txt'

qa/qa/factory/resource/fork.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ module QA
           end
         end
 
-        product(:user) { |factory| factory.user }
+        product :user
 
         def visit_project_with_retry
           # The user intermittently fails to stay signed in after visiting the

qa/qa/factory/resource/group.rb

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ module QA
 
         dependency Factory::Resource::Sandbox, as: :sandbox
 
+        product :id do
+          true # We don't retrieve the Group ID when using the Browser UI
+        end
+
         def initialize
           @path = Runtime::Namespace.name
           @description = "QA test run at #{Runtime::Namespace.time}"
@@ -35,6 +39,29 @@ module QA
             end
           end
         end
+
+        def fabricate_via_api!
+          resource_web_url(api_get)
+        rescue ResourceNotFoundError
+          super
+        end
+
+        def api_get_path
+          "/groups/#{CGI.escape("#{sandbox.path}/#{path}")}"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_path
+          '/groups'
+        end
+
+        def api_post_body
+          {
+            parent_id: sandbox.id,
+            path: path,
+            name: path,
+            visibility: 'public'
+          }
+        end
       end
     end
   end

qa/qa/factory/resource/issue.rb

@@ -2,16 +2,15 @@ module QA
   module Factory
     module Resource
       class Issue < Factory::Base
-        attr_writer :title, :description, :project
+        attr_accessor :title, :description, :project
 
         dependency Factory::Resource::Project, as: :project do |project|
           project.name = 'project-for-issues'
           project.description = 'project for adding issues'
         end
 
-        product :title do
-          Page::Project::Issue::Show.act { issue_title }
-        end
+        product :project
+        product :title
 
         def fabricate!
           project.visit!

qa/qa/factory/resource/merge_request.rb

@@ -12,13 +12,8 @@ module QA
                       :milestone,
                       :labels
 
-        product :project do |factory|
-          factory.project
-        end
-
-        product :source_branch do |factory|
-          factory.source_branch
-        end
+        product :project
+        product :source_branch
 
         dependency Factory::Resource::Project, as: :project do |project|
           project.name = 'project-with-merge-request'

qa/qa/factory/resource/project.rb

@@ -4,14 +4,13 @@ module QA
   module Factory
     module Resource
       class Project < Factory::Base
-        attr_writer :description
+        attr_accessor :description
         attr_reader :name
 
         dependency Factory::Resource::Group, as: :group
 
-        product :name do |factory|
-          factory.name
-        end
+        product :group
+        product :name
 
         product :repository_ssh_location do
           Page::Project::Show.act do
@@ -48,6 +47,32 @@ module QA
             page.create_new_project
           end
         end
+
+        def api_get_path
+          "/projects/#{name}"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_path
+          '/projects'
+        end
+
+        def api_post_body
+          {
+            namespace_id: group.id,
+            path: name,
+            name: name,
+            description: description,
+            visibility: 'public'
+          }
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        def transform_api_resource(resource)
+          resource[:repository_ssh_location] = Git::Location.new(resource[:ssh_url_to_repo])
+          resource[:repository_http_location] = Git::Location.new(resource[:http_url_to_repo])
+          resource
+        end
       end
     end
   end

qa/qa/factory/resource/project_imported_from_github.rb

@@ -8,9 +8,7 @@ module QA
 
         dependency Factory::Resource::Group, as: :group
 
-        product :name do |factory|
-          factory.name
-        end
+        product :name
 
         def fabricate!
           group.visit!

qa/qa/factory/resource/project_milestone.rb

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ module QA
 
         dependency Factory::Resource::Project, as: :project
 
-        product(:title) { |factory| factory.title }
+        product :title
 
         def title=(title)
           @title = "#{title}-#{SecureRandom.hex(4)}"

qa/qa/factory/resource/sandbox.rb

@@ -6,21 +6,28 @@ module QA
       # creating it if it doesn't yet exist.
       #
       class Sandbox < Factory::Base
+        attr_reader :path
+
+        product :id do
+          true # We don't retrieve the Group ID when using the Browser UI
+        end
+        product :path
+
         def initialize
-          @name = Runtime::Namespace.sandbox_name
+          @path = Runtime::Namespace.sandbox_name
         end
 
         def fabricate!
           Page::Main::Menu.act { go_to_groups }
 
           Page::Dashboard::Groups.perform do |page|
-            if page.has_group?(@name)
-              page.go_to_group(@name)
+            if page.has_group?(path)
+              page.go_to_group(path)
             else
               page.go_to_new_group
 
               Page::Group::New.perform do |group|
-                group.set_path(@name)
+                group.set_path(path)
                 group.set_description('GitLab QA Sandbox Group')
                 group.set_visibility('Public')
                 group.create
@@ -28,6 +35,28 @@ module QA
             end
           end
         end
+
+        def fabricate_via_api!
+          resource_web_url(api_get)
+        rescue ResourceNotFoundError
+          super
+        end
+
+        def api_get_path
+          "/groups/#{path}"
+        end
+
+        def api_post_path
+          '/groups'
+        end
+
+        def api_post_body
+          {
+            path: path,
+            name: path,
+            visibility: 'public'
+          }
+        end
       end
     end
   end

qa/qa/factory/resource/ssh_key.rb

@@ -10,17 +10,9 @@ module QA
         attr_reader :private_key, :public_key, :fingerprint
         def_delegators :key, :private_key, :public_key, :fingerprint
 
-        product :private_key do |factory|
-          factory.private_key
-        end
-
-        product :title do |factory|
-          factory.title
-        end
-
-        product :fingerprint do |factory|
-          factory.fingerprint
-        end
+        product :private_key
+        product :title
+        product :fingerprint
 
         def key
           @key ||= Runtime::Key::RSA.new

qa/qa/factory/resource/user.rb

@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ module QA
           defined?(@username) && defined?(@password)
         end
 
-        product(:name) { |factory| factory.name }
-        product(:username) { |factory| factory.username }
-        product(:email) { |factory| factory.email }
-        product(:password) { |factory| factory.password }
+        product :name
+        product :username
+        product :email
+        product :password
 
         def fabricate!
           # Don't try to log-out if we're not logged-in

qa/qa/factory/resource/wiki.rb

@@ -10,13 +10,16 @@ module QA
         end
 
         def fabricate!
-          Page::Project::Menu.act { click_wiki }
-          Page::Project::Wiki::New.perform do |page|
-            page.go_to_create_first_page
-            page.set_title(@title)
-            page.set_content(@content)
-            page.set_message(@message)
-            page.create_new_page
+          project.visit!
+
+          Page::Project::Menu.perform { |menu_side| menu_side.click_wiki }
+
+          Page::Project::Wiki::New.perform do |wiki_new|
+            wiki_new.go_to_create_first_page
+            wiki_new.set_title(@title)
+            wiki_new.set_content(@content)
+            wiki_new.set_message(@message)
+            wiki_new.create_new_page
           end
         end
       end

qa/qa/page/README.md

@@ -131,4 +131,4 @@ If you need more information, ask for help on `#quality` channel on Slack
 (internal, GitLab Team only).
 
 If you are not a Team Member, and you still need help to contribute, please
-open an issue in GitLab QA issue tracker.
+open an issue in GitLab CE issue tracker with the `~QA` label.

qa/qa/runtime/api/client.rb

@@ -6,33 +6,34 @@ module QA
       class Client
         attr_reader :address
 
-        def initialize(address = :gitlab, personal_access_token: nil)
+        def initialize(address = :gitlab, personal_access_token: nil, is_new_session: true)
           @address = address
           @personal_access_token = personal_access_token
+          @is_new_session = is_new_session
         end
 
         def personal_access_token
-          @personal_access_token ||= get_personal_access_token
-        end
-
-        def get_personal_access_token
-          # you can set the environment variable PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN
-          # to use a specific access token rather than create one from the UI
-          if Runtime::Env.personal_access_token
-            Runtime::Env.personal_access_token
-          else
-            create_personal_access_token
+          @personal_access_token ||= begin
+            # you can set the environment variable PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN
+            # to use a specific access token rather than create one from the UI
+            Runtime::Env.personal_access_token ||= create_personal_access_token
           end
         end
 
         private
 
         def create_personal_access_token
-          Runtime::Browser.visit(@address, Page::Main::Login) do
-            Page::Main::Login.act { sign_in_using_credentials }
-            Factory::Resource::PersonalAccessToken.fabricate!.access_token
+          if @is_new_session
+            Runtime::Browser.visit(@address, Page::Main::Login) { do_create_personal_access_token }
+          else
+            do_create_personal_access_token
           end
         end
+
+        def do_create_personal_access_token
+          Page::Main::Login.act { sign_in_using_credentials }
+          Factory::Resource::PersonalAccessToken.fabricate!.access_token
+        end
       end
     end
   end

qa/qa/runtime/env.rb

@@ -3,6 +3,12 @@ module QA
     module Env
       extend self
 
+      attr_writer :personal_access_token
+
+      def verbose?
+        enabled?(ENV['VERBOSE'], default: false)
+      end
+
       # set to 'false' to have Chrome run visibly instead of headless
       def chrome_headless?
         enabled?(ENV['CHROME_HEADLESS'])
@@ -22,7 +28,7 @@ module QA
 
       # specifies token that can be used for the api
       def personal_access_token
-        ENV['PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN']
+        @personal_access_token ||= ENV['PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN']
       end
 
       def user_username
@@ -42,7 +48,7 @@ module QA
       end
 
       def forker?
-        forker_username && forker_password
+        !!(forker_username && forker_password)
       end
 
       def forker_username

qa/qa/specs/features/browser_ui/1_manage/project/add_project_member_spec.rb

@@ -11,9 +11,10 @@ module QA
         Page::Main::Menu.perform { |main| main.sign_out }
         Page::Main::Login.act { sign_in_using_credentials }
 
-        Factory::Resource::Project.fabricate! do |resource|
+        project = Factory::Resource::Project.fabricate! do |resource|
           resource.name = 'add-member-project'
         end
+        project.visit!
 
         Page::Project::Menu.act { click_members_settings }
         Page::Project::Settings::Members.perform do |page|

qa/qa/specs/features/browser_ui/1_manage/project/create_project_spec.rb

@@ -7,17 +7,15 @@ module QA
         Runtime::Browser.visit(:gitlab, Page::Main::Login)
         Page::Main::Login.act { sign_in_using_credentials }
 
-        created_project = Factory::Resource::Project.fabricate! do |project|
+        created_project = Factory::Resource::Project.fabricate_via_browser_ui! do |project|
           project.name = 'awesome-project'
           project.description = 'create awesome project test'
         end
 
-        expect(created_project.name).to match /^awesome-project-\h{16}$/
-
+        expect(page).to have_content(created_project.name)
         expect(page).to have_content(
           /Project \S?awesome-project\S+ was successfully created/
         )
-
         expect(page).to have_content('create awesome project test')
         expect(page).to have_content('The repository for this project is empty')
       end

qa/qa/specs/features/browser_ui/3_create/merge_request/rebase_merge_request_spec.rb

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ module QA
         project = Factory::Resource::Project.fabricate! do |project|
           project.name = "only-fast-forward"
         end
+        project.visit!
 
         Page::Project::Menu.act { go_to_settings }
         Page::Project::Settings::MergeRequest.act { enable_ff_only }

qa/qa/specs/features/browser_ui/3_create/repository/clone_spec.rb

@@ -14,10 +14,11 @@ module QA
         Runtime::Browser.visit(:gitlab, Page::Main::Login)
         Page::Main::Login.act { sign_in_using_credentials }
 
-        Factory::Resource::Project.fabricate! do |scenario|
+        project = Factory::Resource::Project.fabricate! do |scenario|
           scenario.name = 'project-with-code'
           scenario.description = 'project for git clone tests'
         end
+        project.visit!
 
         Git::Repository.perform do |repository|
           repository.uri = location.uri

qa/qa/specs/features/browser_ui/3_create/web_ide/add_file_template_spec.rb

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ module QA
           project.name = 'file-template-project'
           project.description = 'Add file templates via the Web IDE'
         end
+        @project.visit!
 
         # Add a file via the regular Files view because the Web IDE isn't
         # available unless there is a file present

qa/spec/factory/api_fabricator_spec.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+describe QA::Factory::ApiFabricator do
+  let(:factory_without_api_support) do
+    Class.new do
+      def self.name
+        'FooBarFactory'
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  let(:factory_with_api_support) do
+    Class.new do
+      def self.name
+        'FooBarFactory'
+      end
+
+      def api_get_path
+        '/foo'
+      end
+
+      def api_post_path
+        '/bar'
+      end
+
+      def api_post_body
+        { name: 'John Doe' }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  before do
+    allow(subject).to receive(:current_url).and_return('')
+  end
+
+  subject { factory.tap { |f| f.include(described_class) }.new }
+
+  describe '#api_support?' do
+    let(:api_client) { spy('Runtime::API::Client') }
+    let(:api_client_instance) { double('API Client') }
+
+    context 'when factory does not support fabrication via the API' do
+      let(:factory) { factory_without_api_support }
+
+      it 'returns false' do
+        expect(subject).not_to be_api_support
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when factory supports fabrication via the API' do
+      let(:factory) { factory_with_api_support }
+
+      it 'returns false' do
+        expect(subject).to be_api_support
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#fabricate_via_api!' do
+    let(:api_client) { spy('Runtime::API::Client') }
+    let(:api_client_instance) { double('API Client') }
+
+    before do
+      stub_const('QA::Runtime::API::Client', api_client)
+
+      allow(api_client).to receive(:new).and_return(api_client_instance)
+      allow(api_client_instance).to receive(:personal_access_token).and_return('foo')
+    end
+
+    context 'when factory does not support fabrication via the API' do
+      let(:factory) { factory_without_api_support }
+
+      it 'raises a NotImplementedError exception' do
+        expect { subject.fabricate_via_api! }.to raise_error(NotImplementedError, "Factory FooBarFactory does not support fabrication via the API!")
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when factory supports fabrication via the API' do
+      let(:factory) { factory_with_api_support }
+      let(:api_request) { spy('Runtime::API::Request') }
+      let(:resource_web_url) { 'http://example.org/api/v4/foo' }
+      let(:resource) { { id: 1, name: 'John Doe', web_url: resource_web_url } }
+      let(:raw_post) { double('Raw POST response', code: 201, body: resource.to_json) }
+
+      before do
+        stub_const('QA::Runtime::API::Request', api_request)
+
+        allow(api_request).to receive(:new).and_return(double(url: resource_web_url))
+      end
+
+      context 'when creating a resource' do
+        before do
+          allow(subject).to receive(:post).with(resource_web_url, subject.api_post_body).and_return(raw_post)
+        end
+
+        it 'returns the resource URL' do
+          expect(api_request).to receive(:new).with(api_client_instance, subject.api_post_path).and_return(double(url: resource_web_url))
+          expect(subject).to receive(:post).with(resource_web_url, subject.api_post_body).and_return(raw_post)
+
+          expect(subject.fabricate_via_api!).to eq(resource_web_url)
+        end
+
+        it 'populates api_resource with the resource' do
+          subject.fabricate_via_api!
+
+          expect(subject.api_resource).to eq(resource)
+        end
+
+        context 'when the POST fails' do
+          let(:post_response) { { error: "Name already taken." } }
+          let(:raw_post) { double('Raw POST response', code: 400, body: post_response.to_json) }
+
+          it 'raises a ResourceFabricationFailedError exception' do
+            expect(api_request).to receive(:new).with(api_client_instance, subject.api_post_path).and_return(double(url: resource_web_url))
+            expect(subject).to receive(:post).with(resource_web_url, subject.api_post_body).and_return(raw_post)
+
+            expect { subject.fabricate_via_api! }.to raise_error(described_class::ResourceFabricationFailedError, "Fabrication of FooBarFactory using the API failed (400) with `#{raw_post}`.")
+            expect(subject.api_resource).to be_nil
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context '#transform_api_resource' do
+        let(:factory) do
+          Class.new do
+            def self.name
+              'FooBarFactory'
+            end
+
+            def api_get_path
+              '/foo'
+            end
+
+            def api_post_path
+              '/bar'
+            end
+
+            def api_post_body
+              { name: 'John Doe' }
+            end
+
+            def transform_api_resource(resource)
+              resource[:new] = 'foobar'
+              resource
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        let(:resource) { { existing: 'foo', web_url: resource_web_url } }
+        let(:transformed_resource) { { existing: 'foo', new: 'foobar', web_url: resource_web_url } }
+
+        it 'transforms the resource' do
+          expect(subject).to receive(:post).with(resource_web_url, subject.api_post_body).and_return(raw_post)
+          expect(subject).to receive(:transform_api_resource).with(resource).and_return(transformed_resource)
+
+          subject.fabricate_via_api!
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

qa/spec/factory/base_spec.rb

+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 describe QA::Factory::Base do
+  include Support::StubENV
+
   let(:factory) { spy('factory') }
   let(:product) { spy('product') }
+  let(:product_location) { 'http://product_location' }
 
-  describe '.fabricate!' do
-    subject { Class.new(described_class) }
+  shared_context 'fabrication context' do
+    subject do
+      Class.new(described_class) do
+        def self.name
+          'MyFactory'
+        end
+      end
+    end
 
     before do
-      allow(QA::Factory::Product).to receive(:new).and_return(product)
-      allow(QA::Factory::Product).to receive(:populate!).and_return(product)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:current_url).and_return(product_location)
+      allow(subject).to receive(:new).and_return(factory)
+      allow(QA::Factory::Product).to receive(:populate!).with(factory, product_location).and_return(product)
     end
+  end
 
-    it 'instantiates the factory and calls factory method' do
-      expect(subject).to receive(:new).and_return(factory)
+  shared_examples 'fabrication method' do |fabrication_method_called, actual_fabrication_method = nil|
+    let(:fabrication_method_used) { actual_fabrication_method || fabrication_method_called }
 
-      subject.fabricate!('something')
+    it 'yields factory before calling factory method' do
+      expect(factory).to receive(:something!).ordered
+      expect(factory).to receive(fabrication_method_used).ordered.and_return(product_location)
 
-      expect(factory).to have_received(:fabricate!).with('something')
+      subject.public_send(fabrication_method_called, factory: factory) do |factory|
+        factory.something!
+      end
     end
 
-    it 'returns fabrication product' do
-      allow(subject).to receive(:new).and_return(factory)
+    it 'does not log the factory and build method when VERBOSE=false' do
+      stub_env('VERBOSE', 'false')
+      expect(factory).to receive(fabrication_method_used).and_return(product_location)
 
-      result = subject.fabricate!('something')
+      expect { subject.public_send(fabrication_method_called, 'something', factory: factory) }
+        .not_to output.to_stdout
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '.fabricate!' do
+    context 'when factory does not support fabrication via the API' do
+      before do
+        expect(described_class).to receive(:fabricate_via_api!).and_raise(NotImplementedError)
+      end
 
-      expect(result).to eq product
+      it 'calls .fabricate_via_browser_ui!' do
+        expect(described_class).to receive(:fabricate_via_browser_ui!)
+
+        described_class.fabricate!
+      end
     end
 
-    it 'yields factory before calling factory method' do
-      allow(subject).to receive(:new).and_return(factory)
+    context 'when factory supports fabrication via the API' do
+      it 'calls .fabricate_via_browser_ui!' do
+        expect(described_class).to receive(:fabricate_via_api!)
 
-      subject.fabricate! do |factory|
-        factory.something!
+        described_class.fabricate!
       end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '.fabricate_via_api!' do
+    include_context 'fabrication context'
+
+    it_behaves_like 'fabrication method', :fabricate_via_api!
+
+    it 'instantiates the factory, calls factory method returns fabrication product' do
+      expect(factory).to receive(:fabricate_via_api!).and_return(product_location)
 
-      expect(factory).to have_received(:something!).ordered
-      expect(factory).to have_received(:fabricate!).ordered
+      result = subject.fabricate_via_api!(factory: factory, parents: [])
+
+      expect(result).to eq(product)
+    end
+
+    it 'logs the factory and build method when VERBOSE=true' do
+      stub_env('VERBOSE', 'true')
+      expect(factory).to receive(:fabricate_via_api!).and_return(product_location)
+
+      expect { subject.fabricate_via_api!(factory: factory, parents: []) }
+        .to output(/==> Built a MyFactory via api with args \[\] in [\d\w\.\-]+/)
+        .to_stdout
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '.fabricate_via_browser_ui!' do
+    include_context 'fabrication context'
+
+    it_behaves_like 'fabrication method', :fabricate_via_browser_ui!, :fabricate!
+
+    it 'instantiates the factory and calls factory method' do
+      subject.fabricate_via_browser_ui!('something', factory: factory, parents: [])
+
+      expect(factory).to have_received(:fabricate!).with('something')
+    end
+
+    it 'returns fabrication product' do
+      result = subject.fabricate_via_browser_ui!('something', factory: factory, parents: [])
+
+      expect(result).to eq(product)
+    end
+
+    it 'logs the factory and build method when VERBOSE=true' do
+      stub_env('VERBOSE', 'true')
+
+      expect { subject.fabricate_via_browser_ui!('something', factory: factory, parents: []) }
+        .to output(/==> Built a MyFactory via browser_ui with args \["something"\] in [\d\w\.\-]+/)
+        .to_stdout
     end
   end
 
@@ -75,9 +152,9 @@ describe QA::Factory::Base do
         stub_const('Some::MyDependency', dependency)
 
         allow(subject).to receive(:new).and_return(instance)
+        allow(subject).to receive(:current_url).and_return(product_location)
         allow(instance).to receive(:mydep).and_return(nil)
-        allow(QA::Factory::Product).to receive(:new)
-        allow(QA::Factory::Product).to receive(:populate!)
+        expect(QA::Factory::Product).to receive(:populate!)
       end
 
       it 'builds all dependencies first' do
@@ -89,44 +166,22 @@ describe QA::Factory::Base do
   end
 
   describe '.product' do
+    include_context 'fabrication context'
+
     subject do
       Class.new(described_class) do
         def fabricate!
           "any"
         end
 
-        # Defined only to be stubbed
-        def self.find_page
-        end
-
-        product :token do
-          find_page.do_something_on_page!
-          'resulting value'
-        end
+        product :token
       end
     end
 
     it 'appends new product attribute' do
       expect(subject.attributes).to be_one
-      expect(subject.attributes).to have_key(:token)
-    end
-
-    describe 'populating fabrication product with data' do
-      let(:page) { spy('page') }
-
-      before do
-        allow(factory).to receive(:class).and_return(subject)
-        allow(QA::Factory::Product).to receive(:new).and_return(product)
-        allow(product).to receive(:page).and_return(page)
-        allow(subject).to receive(:find_page).and_return(page)
-      end
-
-      it 'populates product after fabrication' do
-        subject.fabricate!
-
-        expect(product.token).to eq 'resulting value'
-        expect(page).to have_received(:do_something_on_page!)
-      end
+      expect(subject.attributes[0]).to be_a(QA::Factory::Product::Attribute)
+      expect(subject.attributes[0].name).to eq(:token)
     end
   end
 end

qa/spec/factory/dependency_spec.rb

@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ describe QA::Factory::Dependency do
   let(:block) { spy('block') }
 
   let(:signature) do
-    double('signature', factory: dependency, block: block)
+    double('signature', name: :mydep, factory: dependency, block: block)
   end
 
   subject do
-    described_class.new(:mydep, factory, signature)
+    described_class.new(factory, signature)
   end
 
   describe '#overridden?' do
@@ -55,16 +55,23 @@ describe QA::Factory::Dependency do
         expect(factory).to have_received(:mydep=).with(dependency)
       end
 
-      context 'when receives a caller factory as block argument' do
-        let(:dependency) { QA::Factory::Base }
+      it 'calls given block with dependency factory and caller factory' do
+        expect(dependency).to receive(:fabricate!).and_yield(dependency)
 
-        it 'calls given block with dependency factory and caller factory' do
-          allow_any_instance_of(QA::Factory::Base).to receive(:fabricate!).and_return(factory)
-          allow(QA::Factory::Product).to receive(:populate!).and_return(spy('any'))
+        subject.build!
+
+        expect(block).to have_received(:call).with(dependency, factory)
+      end
+
+      context 'with no block given' do
+        let(:signature) do
+          double('signature', name: :mydep, factory: dependency, block: nil)
+        end
 
+        it 'does not error' do
           subject.build!
 
-          expect(block).to have_received(:call).with(an_instance_of(QA::Factory::Base), factory)
+          expect(dependency).to have_received(:fabricate!)
         end
       end
     end

qa/spec/factory/product_spec.rb

 describe QA::Factory::Product do
   let(:factory) do
-    QA::Factory::Base.new
-  end
-
-  let(:attributes) do
-    { test: QA::Factory::Product::Attribute.new(:test, proc { 'returned' }) }
+    Class.new(QA::Factory::Base) do
+      def foo
+        'bar'
+      end
+    end.new
   end
 
   let(:product) { spy('product') }
+  let(:product_location) { 'http://product_location' }
 
-  before do
-    allow(QA::Factory::Base).to receive(:attributes).and_return(attributes)
-  end
+  subject { described_class.new(factory, product_location) }
 
   describe '.populate!' do
-    it 'returns a fabrication product and define factory attributes as its methods' do
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:new).and_return(product)
+    before do
+      expect(factory.class).to receive(:attributes).and_return(attributes)
+    end
+
+    context 'when the product attribute is populated via a block' do
+      let(:attributes) do
+        [QA::Factory::Product::Attribute.new(:test, proc { 'returned' })]
+      end
+
+      it 'returns a fabrication product and defines factory attributes as its methods' do
+        result = described_class.populate!(factory, product_location)
+
+        expect(result).to be_a(described_class)
+        expect(result.test).to eq('returned')
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when the product attribute is populated via the api' do
+      let(:attributes) do
+        [QA::Factory::Product::Attribute.new(:test)]
+      end
 
-      result = described_class.populate!(factory) do |instance|
-        instance.something = 'string'
+      it 'returns a fabrication product and defines factory attributes as its methods' do
+        expect(factory).to receive(:api_resource).and_return({ test: 'returned' })
+
+        result = described_class.populate!(factory, product_location)
+
+        expect(result).to be_a(described_class)
+        expect(result.test).to eq('returned')
       end
+    end
 
-      expect(result).to be product
-      expect(result.test).to eq('returned')
+    context 'when the product attribute is populated via a factory attribute' do
+      let(:attributes) do
+        [QA::Factory::Product::Attribute.new(:foo)]
+      end
+
+      it 'returns a fabrication product and defines factory attributes as its methods' do
+        result = described_class.populate!(factory, product_location)
+
+        expect(result).to be_a(described_class)
+        expect(result.foo).to eq('bar')
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when the product attribute has no value' do
+      let(:attributes) do
+        [QA::Factory::Product::Attribute.new(:bar)]
+      end
+
+      it 'returns a fabrication product and defines factory attributes as its methods' do
+        expect { described_class.populate!(factory, product_location) }
+          .to raise_error(described_class::NoValueError, "No value was computed for product bar of factory #{factory.class.name}.")
+      end
     end
   end
 
   describe '.visit!' do
     it 'makes it possible to visit fabrication product' do
-      allow_any_instance_of(described_class)
-        .to receive(:current_url).and_return('some url')
       allow_any_instance_of(described_class)
         .to receive(:visit).and_return('visited some url')
 

qa/spec/runtime/api/client_spec.rb

@@ -13,18 +13,27 @@ describe QA::Runtime::API::Client do
     end
   end
 
-  describe '#get_personal_access_token' do
-    it 'returns specified token from env' do
-      stub_env('PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN', 'a_token')
+  describe '#personal_access_token' do
+    context 'when QA::Runtime::Env.personal_access_token is present' do
+      before do
+        allow(QA::Runtime::Env).to receive(:personal_access_token).and_return('a_token')
+      end
 
-      expect(described_class.new.get_personal_access_token).to eq 'a_token'
+      it 'returns specified token from env' do
+        expect(described_class.new.personal_access_token).to eq 'a_token'
+      end
     end
 
-    it 'returns a created token' do
-      allow_any_instance_of(described_class)
-        .to receive(:create_personal_access_token).and_return('created_token')
+    context 'when QA::Runtime::Env.personal_access_token is nil' do
+      before do
+        allow(QA::Runtime::Env).to receive(:personal_access_token).and_return(nil)
+      end
 
-      expect(described_class.new.get_personal_access_token).to eq 'created_token'
+      it 'returns a created token' do
+        expect(subject).to receive(:create_personal_access_token).and_return('created_token')
+
+        expect(subject.personal_access_token).to eq 'created_token'
+      end
     end
   end
 end

qa/spec/runtime/api/request_spec.rb

 describe QA::Runtime::API::Request do
-  include Support::StubENV
+  let(:client)  { QA::Runtime::API::Client.new('http://example.com') }
+  let(:request) { described_class.new(client, '/users') }
 
   before do
-    stub_env('PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN', 'a_token')
+    allow(client).to receive(:personal_access_token).and_return('a_token')
   end
 
-  let(:client)  { QA::Runtime::API::Client.new('http://example.com') }
-  let(:request) { described_class.new(client, '/users') }
-
   describe '#url' do
-    it 'returns the full api request url' do
+    it 'returns the full API request url' do
       expect(request.url).to eq 'http://example.com/api/v4/users?private_token=a_token'
     end
+
+    context 'when oauth_access_token is passed in the query string' do
+      let(:request) { described_class.new(client, '/users', { oauth_access_token: 'foo' }) }
+
+      it 'does not adds a private_token query string' do
+        expect(request.url).to eq 'http://example.com/api/v4/users?oauth_access_token=foo'
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe '#request_path' do

qa/spec/runtime/env_spec.rb

@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@ describe QA::Runtime::Env do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '.verbose?' do
+    it_behaves_like 'boolean method', :verbose?, 'VERBOSE', false
+  end
+
   describe '.signup_disabled?' do
     it_behaves_like 'boolean method', :signup_disabled?, 'SIGNUP_DISABLED', false
   end
@@ -64,7 +68,54 @@ describe QA::Runtime::Env do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '.personal_access_token' do
+    around do |example|
+      described_class.instance_variable_set(:@personal_access_token, nil)
+      example.run
+      described_class.instance_variable_set(:@personal_access_token, nil)
+    end
+
+    context 'when PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN is set' do
+      before do
+        stub_env('PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN', 'a_token')
+      end
+
+      it 'returns specified token from env' do
+        expect(described_class.personal_access_token).to eq 'a_token'
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when @personal_access_token is set' do
+      before do
+        described_class.personal_access_token = 'another_token'
+      end
+
+      it 'returns the instance variable value' do
+        expect(described_class.personal_access_token).to eq 'another_token'
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '.personal_access_token=' do
+    around do |example|
+      described_class.instance_variable_set(:@personal_access_token, nil)
+      example.run
+      described_class.instance_variable_set(:@personal_access_token, nil)
+    end
+
+    it 'saves the token' do
+      described_class.personal_access_token = 'a_token'
+
+      expect(described_class.personal_access_token).to eq 'a_token'
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '.forker?' do
+    before do
+      stub_env('GITLAB_FORKER_USERNAME', nil)
+      stub_env('GITLAB_FORKER_PASSWORD', nil)
+    end
+
     it 'returns false if no forker credentials are defined' do
       expect(described_class).not_to be_forker
     end