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Commit 12b80147 authored by Craig Norris's avatar Craig Norris Committed by Russell Dickenson
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Various updates to the page intro and enable sections.
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doc/user/application_security/dast/index.md
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# Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) **(ULTIMATE)**
> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/4348) in [GitLab Ultimate](https://about.gitlab.com/pricing/) 10.4.
If you deploy your web application into a new environment, your application may
become exposed to new types of attacks. For example, misconfigurations of your
application server or incorrect assumptions about security controls may not be
visible from the source code.
Your application may be exposed to a new category of attacks once deployed into a new environment. For
example, application server misconfigurations or incorrect assumptions about security controls may
not be visible from source code alone. Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) checks an
application for these types of vulnerabilities in a deployed environment. GitLab DAST uses the
popular open source tool [OWASP Zed Attack Proxy](https://www.zaproxy.org/) to analyze your running
web application.
Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) examines applications for
vulnerabilities like these in deployed environments. DAST uses the open source
tool [OWASP Zed Attack Proxy](https://www.zaproxy.org/) for analysis.
NOTE:
The whitepaper ["A Seismic Shift in Application Security"](https://about.gitlab.com/resources/whitepaper-seismic-shift-application-security/)
explains how 4 of the top 6 attacks were application based. Download it to learn how to protect your
organization.
To learn how four of the top six attacks were application-based and how
to protect your organization, download our
["A Seismic Shift in Application Security"](https://about.gitlab.com/resources/whitepaper-seismic-shift-application-security/)
whitepaper.
In GitLab, DAST is commonly initiated by a merge request and runs as a job in the CI/CD pipeline.
You can also run a DAST scan on demand, outside the CI/CD pipeline. Your running web application is
analyzed for known vulnerabilities. GitLab checks the DAST report, compares the vulnerabilities
found between the source and target branches, and shows any relevant findings on the merge request.
You can use DAST to examine your web applications:
Note that this comparison logic uses only the latest pipeline executed for the target branch's base
commit. Running the pipeline on any other commit has no effect on the merge request.
- When initiated by a merge request, running as CI/CD pipeline job.
- On demand, outside the CI/CD pipeline.
![DAST widget, showing the vulnerability statistics and a list of vulnerabilities](img/dast_v13_4.png)
After DAST creates its report, GitLab evaluates it for discovered
vulnerabilities between the source and target branches. Relevant
findings are noted in the merge request.
## Enable DAST
### Prerequisites
The comparison logic uses only the latest pipeline executed for the target
branch's base commit. Running the pipeline on other commits has no effect on
the merge request.
- GitLab Runner with the [`docker` executor](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/docker.html).
## Prerequisite
To enable DAST, either:
To use DAST, ensure you're using GitLab Runner with the
[`docker` executor](https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/docker.html).
- Enable [Auto DAST](../../../topics/autodevops/stages.md#auto-dast), provided by
[Auto DevOps](../../../topics/autodevops/index.md).
- [Include the DAST template](#dast-cicd-template) in your existing `.gitlab-ci.yml` file.
## Enable DAST
### DAST CI/CD template
To enable DAST, either:
The DAST job is defined in a CI/CD template file you reference in your CI/CD configuration file. The
template is included with GitLab. Updates to the template are provided with GitLab upgrades. You
benefit from any improvements and additions.
- Enable [Auto DAST](../../../topics/autodevops/stages.md#auto-dast) (provided
by [Auto DevOps](../../../topics/autodevops/index.md)).
- Manually [include the DAST template](#include-the-dast-template) in your existing
`.gitlab-ci.yml` file.
The following templates are available:
### Include the DAST template
- [`DAST.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Security/DAST.gitlab-ci.yml):
Stable version of the DAST CI/CD template.
- [`DAST.latest.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Security/DAST.latest.gitlab-ci.yml):
Latest version of the DAST template. ([Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/254325)
in GitLab 13.8). Please note that the latest version may include breaking changes. Check the
[DAST troubleshooting guide](#troubleshooting) if you experience problems.
If you want to manually add DAST to your application, the DAST job is defined
in a CI/CD template file. Updates to the template are provided with GitLab
upgrades, allowing you to benefit from any improvements and additions.
Use the stable template unless you need a feature provided only in the latest template.
To include the DAST template:
See the CI/CD [documentation](../../../development/cicd/templates.md#latest-version)
on template versioning for more information.
1. Select the CI/CD template you want to use:
#### Include the DAST template
- [`DAST.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Security/DAST.gitlab-ci.yml):
Stable version of the DAST CI/CD template.
- [`DAST.latest.gitlab-ci.yml`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Security/DAST.latest.gitlab-ci.yml):
Latest version of the DAST template. ([Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/254325)
in GitLab 13.8).
The method of including the DAST template depends on the GitLab version:
WARNING:
The latest version of the template may include breaking changes. Use the
stable template unless you need a feature provided only in the latest template.
- In GitLab 11.9 and later, [include](../../../ci/yaml/README.md#includetemplate) the
`DAST.gitlab-ci.yml` template.
For more information about template versioning, see the
[CI/CD documentation](../../../development/cicd/templates.md#latest-version).
Add the following to your `.gitlab-ci.yml` file:
1. Add the template to GitLab, based on your version of GitLab:
```yaml
include:
- template: DAST.gitlab-ci.yml
- In GitLab 11.9 and later, [include](../../../ci/yaml/README.md#includetemplate)
the template by adding the following to your `.gitlab-ci.yml` file:
variables:
DAST_WEBSITE: https://example.com
```
```yaml
include:
- template: <template_file.yml>
- In GitLab 11.8 and earlier, copy the template's content into your `.gitlab_ci.yml` file.
variables:
DAST_WEBSITE: https://example.com
```
#### Template options
- In GitLab 11.8 and earlier, add the contents of the template to your
`.gitlab_ci.yml` file.
Running a DAST scan requires a URL. There are two ways to define the URL to be scanned by DAST:
1. Define the URL to be scanned by DAST by using one of these methods:
1. Set the `DAST_WEBSITE` [CI/CD variable](../../../ci/yaml/README.md#variables).
- Set the `DAST_WEBSITE` [CI/CD variable](../../../ci/yaml/README.md#variables).
If set, this value takes precedence.
1. Add it in an `environment_url.txt` file at the root of your project.
This is useful for testing in dynamic environments. To run DAST against an application
dynamically created during a GitLab CI/CD pipeline, a job that runs prior to the DAST scan must
persist the application's domain in an `environment_url.txt` file. DAST automatically parses the
`environment_url.txt` file to find its scan target.
- Add the URL in an `environment_url.txt` file at the root of your project. This is
useful for testing in dynamic environments. To run DAST against an application
dynamically created during a GitLab CI/CD pipeline, a job that runs prior to
the DAST scan must persist the application's domain in an `environment_url.txt`
file. DAST automatically parses the `environment_url.txt` file to find its
scan target.
For example, in a job that runs prior to DAST, you could include code that looks similar to:
For example, in a job that runs prior to DAST, you could include code that
looks similar to:
```yaml
script:
- echo http://${CI_PROJECT_ID}-${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}.domain.com > environment_url.txt
artifacts:
paths: [environment_url.txt]
when: always
```
You can see an example of this in our [Auto DevOps CI YAML](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Jobs/Deploy.gitlab-ci.yml) file.
```yaml
script:
- echo http://${CI_PROJECT_ID}-${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}.domain.com > environment_url.txt
artifacts:
paths: [environment_url.txt]
when: always
```
If both values are set, the `DAST_WEBSITE` value takes precedence.
You can see an example of this in our
[Auto DevOps CI YAML](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Jobs/Deploy.gitlab-ci.yml)
file.
The included template creates a `dast` job in your CI/CD pipeline and scans
your project's running application for possible vulnerabilities.
The results are saved as a
[DAST report artifact](../../../ci/pipelines/job_artifacts.md#artifactsreportsdast)
that you can later download and analyze. Due to implementation limitations we
that you can later download and analyze. Due to implementation limitations, we
always take the latest DAST artifact available. Behind the scenes, the
[GitLab DAST Docker image](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/security-products/dast)
is used to run the tests on the specified URL and scan it for possible vulnerabilities.
is used to run the tests on the specified URL and scan it for possible
vulnerabilities.
By default, the DAST template uses the latest major version of the DAST Docker
image. Using the `DAST_VERSION` variable, you can choose how DAST updates:
- Automatically update DAST with new features and fixes by pinning to a major version (such as `1`).
- Automatically update DAST with new features and fixes by pinning to a major
version (such as `1`).
- Only update fixes by pinning to a minor version (such as `1.6`).
- Prevent all updates by pinning to a specific version (such as `1.6.4`).
Find the latest DAST versions on the [Releases](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/security-products/dast/-/releases) page.
Find the latest DAST versions on the [Releases](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/security-products/dast/-/releases)
page.
## Deployment options
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To use DAST in an offline environment, you need:
- GitLab Runner with the [`docker` or `kubernetes` executor](#prerequisites).
- GitLab Runner with the [`docker` or `kubernetes` executor](#prerequisite).
- Docker Container Registry with a locally available copy of the DAST
[container image](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/security-products/dast), found in the
[DAST container registry](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/security-products/dast/container_registry).
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