Commit ada4ab7a authored by Chris Down's avatar Chris Down Committed by Linus Torvalds

init: allow distribution configuration of default init

Some init systems (eg.  systemd) have init at their own paths, for
example, /usr/lib/systemd/systemd.  A compatibility symlink to one of the
hardcoded init paths is provided by another package, usually named
something like systemd-sysvcompat or similar.

Currently distro maintainers who are hands-off on the bootloader are more
or less required to include those compatibility links as part of their
base distribution, because it's hard to migrate away from them since
there's a risk some users will not get the message to set init= on the
kernel command line appropriately.

Moreover, for distributions where the init system is something the
distribution itself is opinionated about (eg.  Arch, which has systemd in
the required `base` package), we could usually reasonably configure this
ahead of time when building the distribution kernel.  However, we
currently simply don't have any way to configure the kernel to do this.
Here's an example discussion where removing sysvcompat was discussed by
distro maintainers[0].

This patch adds a new Kconfig tunable, CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT, which if set
is tried before the hardcoded fallback list.  So the order of precedence
is now thus:

1. init= on command line (on failure: panic)
2. CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT (on failure: try #3)
3. Hardcoded fallback list (on failure: panic)

This new config parameter will allow distribution maintainers to move away
from these compatibility links safely, without having to worry that their
users might not have the right init=.

There are also two other benefits of this over having the distribution
maintain a symlink:

1. One of the value propositions over simply having distributions
   maintain a /sbin/init symlink via a package is that it also frees
   distributions which have a preferred default, but not mandatory, init
   system from having their package manager fight with their users for
   control of /{s,}bin/init.  Instead, the distribution simply makes
   their preference known in CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT, and if the user
   installs another init system and uninstalls the default one they can
   still make use of /{s,}bin/init and friends for their own uses. This
   makes more cases Just Work(tm) without the user having to perform
   extra configuration via init=.

2. Since before this we don't know which path the distribution actually
   _intends_ to serve init from, we don't pr_err if it is simply
   missing, and usually will just silently put the user in a /bin/sh
   shell. Now that the distribution can make a declaration of intent, we
   can be more vocal when this init system fails to launch for any
   reason, even if it's simply because no file exists at that location,
   speeding up the palaver of init/mount dependency/etc debugging a bit.

[0]: https://lists.archlinux.org/pipermail/arch-dev-public/2019-January/029435.htmlSigned-off-by: default avatarChris Down <chris@chrisdown.name>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200522160234.GA1487022@chrisdown.nameSigned-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
parent 51da9dfb
...@@ -260,6 +260,16 @@ config KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED ...@@ -260,6 +260,16 @@ config KERNEL_UNCOMPRESSED
endchoice endchoice
config DEFAULT_INIT
string "Default init path"
default ""
help
This option determines the default init for the system if no init=
option is passed on the kernel command line. If the requested path is
not present, we will still then move on to attempting further
locations (e.g. /sbin/init, etc). If this is empty, we will just use
the fallback list when init= is not passed.
config DEFAULT_HOSTNAME config DEFAULT_HOSTNAME
string "Default hostname" string "Default hostname"
default "(none)" default "(none)"
......
...@@ -1433,6 +1433,16 @@ static int __ref kernel_init(void *unused) ...@@ -1433,6 +1433,16 @@ static int __ref kernel_init(void *unused)
panic("Requested init %s failed (error %d).", panic("Requested init %s failed (error %d).",
execute_command, ret); execute_command, ret);
} }
if (CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT[0] != '\0') {
ret = run_init_process(CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT);
if (ret)
pr_err("Default init %s failed (error %d)\n",
CONFIG_DEFAULT_INIT, ret);
else
return 0;
}
if (!try_to_run_init_process("/sbin/init") || if (!try_to_run_init_process("/sbin/init") ||
!try_to_run_init_process("/etc/init") || !try_to_run_init_process("/etc/init") ||
!try_to_run_init_process("/bin/init") || !try_to_run_init_process("/bin/init") ||
......
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