Optimisation for kw args parsing: static parsing only for required arguments,...

Optimisation for kw args parsing: static parsing only for required arguments, moved optional arg parsing into a separate function

The idea is that keyword arguments tend to be sparse, so it's faster to iterate over the keyword dictionary and copy keyword values into the named arguments, instead of requesting each optional argument from the keyword dict separately.

This speeds up the case where only required arguments are passed and the case where a minor number of optional keyword arguments are passed (and everything else is passed as positional arguments).

Cython/Compiler/Nodes.py

@@ -1915,10 +1915,10 @@ class DefNode(FuncDefNode):
 
         # --- optimised code when we receive keyword arguments
         if self.num_required_kw_args:
-            code.putln("if (likely(%s)) {" % Naming.kwds_cname)
+            likely_hint = "likely"
         else:
-            code.putln("if (unlikely(%s) && (PyDict_Size(%s) > 0)) {" % (
-                    Naming.kwds_cname, Naming.kwds_cname))
+            likely_hint = "unlikely"
+        code.putln("if (%s(%s)) {" % (likely_hint, Naming.kwds_cname))
         self.generate_keyword_unpacking_code(
             min_positional_args, max_positional_args,
             has_fixed_positional_count,
@@ -2054,16 +2054,23 @@ class DefNode(FuncDefNode):
             code.put_goto(argtuple_error_label)
         code.putln('}')
 
-        # now fill up the arguments with values from the kw dict
+        # now fill up the required arguments with values from the kw dict
         code.putln('switch (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(%s)) {' % Naming.args_cname)
+        needs_break = False
         for i, arg in enumerate(all_args):
             if i <= max_positional_args:
                 if self.star_arg and i == max_positional_args:
                     code.putln('default:')
                 else:
                     code.putln('case %2d:' % i)
-            code.putln('values[%d] = PyDict_GetItem(%s, *%s[%d]);' % (
-                    i, Naming.kwds_cname, Naming.pykwdlist_cname, i))
+            if arg.default:
+                # handled in ParseOptionalKeywords() below
+                needs_break = True
+                continue
+            else:
+                needs_break = False
+            code.putln('values[%d] = PyDict_GetItem(%s, %s);' % (
+                    i, Naming.kwds_cname, arg.name_entry.pystring_cname))
             if i < min_positional_args:
                 code.putln('if (likely(values[%d])) kw_args--;' % i);
                 if i == 0:
@@ -2071,7 +2078,7 @@ class DefNode(FuncDefNode):
                     code.put('else ')
                     code.put_goto(argtuple_error_label)
                 else:
-                    # provide the correct number of values (args or
+                    # print the correct number of values (args or
                     # kwargs) that were passed into positional
                     # arguments up to this point
                     code.putln('else {')
@@ -2084,14 +2091,16 @@ class DefNode(FuncDefNode):
                 code.putln('if (values[%d]) kw_args--;' % i);
                 if arg.kw_only and not arg.default:
                     code.putln('else {')
-                    code.put('__Pyx_RaiseKeywordRequired("%s", *%s[%d]); ' %(
-                            self.name.utf8encode(), Naming.pykwdlist_cname, i))
+                    code.put('__Pyx_RaiseKeywordRequired("%s", %s); ' %(
+                            self.name.utf8encode(), arg.name_entry.pystring_cname))
                     code.putln(code.error_goto(self.pos))
                     code.putln('}')
+        if needs_break:
+            code.putln('break;')
         code.putln('}')
 
         code.putln('if (unlikely(kw_args > 0)) {')
-        # non-positional kw args left in the dict: **kwargs or error
+        # non-positional kw args left in dict: default args, **kwargs or error
         if self.star_arg:
             code.putln("const Py_ssize_t used_pos_args = (PyTuple_GET_SIZE(%s) < %d) ? PyTuple_GET_SIZE(%s) : %d;" % (
                     Naming.args_cname, max_positional_args,
@@ -2099,9 +2108,9 @@ class DefNode(FuncDefNode):
             pos_arg_count = "used_pos_args"
         else:
             pos_arg_count = "PyTuple_GET_SIZE(%s)" % Naming.args_cname
-        code.globalstate.use_utility_code(split_keywords_utility_code)
+        code.globalstate.use_utility_code(parse_keywords_utility_code)
         code.put(
-            'if (unlikely(__Pyx_SplitKeywords(%s, %s, %s, %s, "%s") < 0)) ' % (
+            'if (unlikely(__Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(%s, %s, %s, values, %s, "%s") < 0)) ' % (
                 Naming.kwds_cname,
                 Naming.pykwdlist_cname,
                 self.starstar_arg and self.starstar_arg.entry.cname or '0',
@@ -4815,9 +4824,9 @@ invalid_keyword:
 
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #
-#  __Pyx_SplitKeywords copies the keyword arguments that are not named
-#  in argnames[] from the kwds dict into kwds2.  If kwds2 is NULL,
-#  these keywords will raise an invalid keyword error.
+#  __Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords copies the optional/unknown keyword
+#  arguments from the kwds dict into kwds2.  If kwds2 is NULL, unknown
+#  keywords will raise an invalid keyword error.
 #
 #  Three kinds of errors are checked: 1) non-string keywords, 2)
 #  unexpected keywords and 3) overlap with positional arguments.
@@ -4829,22 +4838,25 @@ invalid_keyword:
 #  This method does not check for required keyword arguments.
 #
 
-split_keywords_utility_code = UtilityCode(
+parse_keywords_utility_code = UtilityCode(
 proto = """
-static int __Pyx_SplitKeywords(PyObject *kwds, PyObject **argnames[], \
-    PyObject *kwds2, Py_ssize_t num_pos_args, const char* function_name); /*proto*/
+static int __Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(PyObject *kwds, PyObject **argnames[], \
+    PyObject *kwds2, PyObject *values[], Py_ssize_t num_pos_args, \
+    const char* function_name); /*proto*/
 """,
 impl = """
-static int __Pyx_SplitKeywords(
+static int __Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(
     PyObject *kwds,
     PyObject **argnames[],
     PyObject *kwds2,
+    PyObject *values[],
     Py_ssize_t num_pos_args,
     const char* function_name)
 {
     PyObject *key = 0, *value = 0;
     Py_ssize_t pos = 0;
     PyObject*** name;
+    PyObject*** first_kw_arg = argnames + num_pos_args;
 
     while (PyDict_Next(kwds, &pos, &key, &value)) {
         #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
@@ -4856,8 +4868,11 @@ static int __Pyx_SplitKeywords(
         } else {
             name = argnames;
             while (*name && (**name != key)) name++;
-            if (!*name) {
-                for (name = argnames; *name; name++) {
+            if (*name) {
+                if (name < first_kw_arg) goto arg_passed_twice;
+                values[name-argnames] = value;
+            } else {
+                for (name = first_kw_arg; *name; name++) {
                     #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
                     if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(**name) == PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(key) &&
                         PyUnicode_Compare(**name, key) == 0) break;
@@ -4867,7 +4882,21 @@ static int __Pyx_SplitKeywords(
                                PyString_AS_STRING(key)) == 0) break;
                     #endif
                 }
-                if (!*name) {
+                if (*name) {
+                    values[name-argnames] = value;
+                } else {
+                    /* unexpected keyword found */
+                    for (name=argnames; name != first_kw_arg; name++) {
+                        if (**name == key) goto arg_passed_twice;
+                        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
+                        if (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(**name) == PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(key) &&
+                            PyUnicode_Compare(**name, key) == 0) goto arg_passed_twice;
+                        #else
+                        if (PyString_GET_SIZE(**name) == PyString_GET_SIZE(key) &&
+                            strcmp(PyString_AS_STRING(**name),
+                                   PyString_AS_STRING(key)) == 0) goto arg_passed_twice;
+                        #endif
+                    }
                     if (kwds2) {
                         if (unlikely(PyDict_SetItem(kwds2, key, value))) goto bad;
                     } else {
@@ -4875,9 +4904,7 @@ static int __Pyx_SplitKeywords(
                     }
                 }
             }
-            if (*name && ((name-argnames) < num_pos_args))
-                goto arg_passed_twice;
-            }
+        }
     }
     return 0;
 arg_passed_twice: