merge

Cython/CodeWriter.py

@@ -274,6 +274,16 @@ class CodeWriter(TreeVisitor):
         self.visit(node.body)
         self.dedent()
 
+    def visit_ReturnStatNode(self, node):
+        self.startline("return ")
+        self.visit(node.value)
+        self.endline()
+
+    def visit_DecoratorNode(self, node):
+        self.startline("@")
+        self.visit(node.decorator)
+        self.endline()
+
     def visit_ReraiseStatNode(self, node):
         self.line("raise")
 

Cython/Compiler/Code.py

@@ -64,13 +64,17 @@ class CCodeWriter:
         dl = code.count("{") - code.count("}")
         if dl < 0:
             self.level += dl
+        elif dl == 0 and code.startswith('}'):
+            self.level -= 1
         if self.bol:
             self.indent()
         self._write(code)
         self.bol = 0
         if dl > 0:
             self.level += dl
-    
+        elif dl == 0 and code.startswith('}'):
+            self.level += 1
+
     def increase_indent(self):
         self.level = self.level + 1
     

Cython/Compiler/ExprNodes.py

@@ -1145,16 +1145,22 @@ class IteratorNode(ExprNode):
     
     def generate_result_code(self, code):
         code.putln(
-            "if (PyList_CheckExact(%s)) { %s = 0; %s = %s; Py_INCREF(%s); }" % (
+            "if (PyList_CheckExact(%s) || PyTuple_CheckExact(%s)) {" % (
                 self.sequence.py_result(),
+                self.sequence.py_result()))
+        code.putln(
+            "%s = 0; %s = %s; Py_INCREF(%s);" % (
                 self.counter.result_code,
                 self.result_code,
                 self.sequence.py_result(),
                 self.result_code))
-        code.putln("else { %s = PyObject_GetIter(%s); %s }" % (
+        code.putln("} else {")
+        code.putln("%s = -1; %s = PyObject_GetIter(%s); %s" % (
+                self.counter.result_code,
                 self.result_code,
                 self.sequence.py_result(),
                 code.error_goto_if_null(self.result_code, self.pos)))
+        code.putln("}")
 
 
 class NextNode(AtomicExprNode):
@@ -1173,15 +1179,19 @@ class NextNode(AtomicExprNode):
     
     def generate_result_code(self, code):
         code.putln(
-            "if (PyList_CheckExact(%s)) { if (%s >= PyList_GET_SIZE(%s)) break; %s = PyList_GET_ITEM(%s, %s++); Py_INCREF(%s); }" % (
-                self.iterator.py_result(),
+            "if (likely(%s != -1)) {" % self.iterator.counter.result_code)
+        code.putln(
+            "if (%s >= PySequence_Fast_GET_SIZE(%s)) break;" % (
                 self.iterator.counter.result_code,
-                self.iterator.py_result(),
+                self.iterator.py_result()))
+        code.putln(
+            "%s = PySequence_Fast_GET_ITEM(%s, %s); Py_INCREF(%s); %s++;" % (
                 self.result_code,
                 self.iterator.py_result(),
                 self.iterator.counter.result_code,
-                self.result_code))
-        code.putln("else {")
+                self.result_code,
+                self.iterator.counter.result_code))
+        code.putln("} else {")
         code.putln(
             "%s = PyIter_Next(%s);" % (
                 self.result_code,
@@ -4018,6 +4028,59 @@ class CloneNode(CoercionNode):
         
     def release_temp(self, env):
         pass
+        
+class PersistentNode(ExprNode):
+    # A PersistentNode is like a CloneNode except it handles the temporary
+    # allocation itself by keeping track of the number of times it has been 
+    # used. 
+    
+    subexprs = ["arg"]
+    temp_counter = 0
+    generate_counter = 0
+    result_code = None
+    
+    def __init__(self, arg, uses):
+        self.pos = arg.pos
+        self.arg = arg
+        self.uses = uses
+        
+    def analyse_types(self, env):
+        self.arg.analyse_types(env)
+        self.type = self.arg.type
+        self.result_ctype = self.arg.result_ctype
+        self.is_temp = 1
+    
+    def calculate_result_code(self):
+        return self.arg.result_code
+
+    def generate_evaluation_code(self, code):
+        if self.generate_counter == 0:
+            self.arg.generate_evaluation_code(code)
+            code.putln("%s = %s;" % (
+                self.result_code, self.arg.result_as(self.ctype())))
+            if self.type.is_pyobject:
+                code.put_incref(self.result_code, self.ctype())
+            self.arg.generate_disposal_code(code)
+        self.generate_counter += 1
+                
+    def generate_disposal_code(self, code):
+        if self.generate_counter == self.uses:
+            if self.type.is_pyobject:
+                code.put_decref_clear(self.result_code, self.ctype())
+
+    def allocate_temps(self, env, result=None):
+        if self.temp_counter == 0:
+            self.arg.allocate_temps(env)
+            if result is None:
+                self.result_code = env.allocate_temp(self.type)
+            else:
+                self.result_code = result
+            self.arg.release_temp(env)
+        self.temp_counter += 1
+        
+    def release_temp(self, env):
+        if self.temp_counter == self.uses:
+            env.release_temp(self.result_code)
     
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #

Cython/Compiler/Lexicon.py

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ def make_lexicon():
     escapeseq = Str("\\") + (two_oct | three_oct | two_hex |
                              Str('u') + four_hex | Str('x') + two_hex | AnyChar)
     
+    deco = Str("@")
     bra = Any("([{")
     ket = Any(")]}")
     punct = Any(":,;+-*/|&<>=.%`~^?")
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ def make_lexicon():
         (longconst, 'LONG'),
         (fltconst, 'FLOAT'),
         (imagconst, 'IMAG'),
+        (deco, 'DECORATOR'),
         (punct | diphthong, TEXT),
         
         (bra, Method('open_bracket_action')),

Cython/Compiler/Main.py

@@ -356,7 +356,8 @@ def create_generate_code(context, options, result):
 def create_default_pipeline(context, options, result):
     from ParseTreeTransforms import WithTransform, NormalizeTree, PostParse
     from ParseTreeTransforms import AnalyseDeclarationsTransform, AnalyseExpressionsTransform
-    from ParseTreeTransforms import CreateClosureClasses, MarkClosureVisitor
+    from ParseTreeTransforms import CreateClosureClasses, MarkClosureVisitor, DecoratorTransform
+    from Optimize import FlattenInListTransform, SwitchTransform
     from Buffer import BufferTransform
     from ModuleNode import check_c_classes
     
@@ -364,11 +365,14 @@ def create_default_pipeline(context, options, result):
         create_parse(context),
         NormalizeTree(context),
         PostParse(context),
+        FlattenInListTransform(),
         WithTransform(context),
+        DecoratorTransform(context),
         AnalyseDeclarationsTransform(context),
         check_c_classes,
         AnalyseExpressionsTransform(context),
         BufferTransform(context),
+        SwitchTransform(), 
 #        CreateClosureClasses(context),
         create_generate_code(context, options, result)
     ]

Cython/Compiler/ModuleNode.py

@@ -2010,6 +2010,7 @@ static void numpy_releasebuffer(PyObject *obj, Py_buffer *view) {
             types.append((ndarrtype.typeptr_cname, "numpy_getbuffer", "numpy_releasebuffer"))
         except KeyError:
             pass
+        code.putln("#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000")
         code.putln("static int PyObject_GetBuffer(PyObject *obj, Py_buffer *view, int flags) {")
         if len(types) > 0:
             clause = "if"
@@ -2030,6 +2031,7 @@ static void numpy_releasebuffer(PyObject *obj, Py_buffer *view) {
                 clause = "else if"
         code.putln("}")
         code.putln("")
+        code.putln("#endif")
 
 
 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Cython/Compiler/Nodes.py

@@ -1235,13 +1235,19 @@ class PyArgDeclNode(Node):
     # entry  Symtab.Entry
     child_attrs = []
     
-    pass
-    
+
+class DecoratorNode(Node):
+    # A decorator
+    #
+    # decorator    NameNode or CallNode
+    child_attrs = ['decorator']
+
 
 class DefNode(FuncDefNode):
     # A Python function definition.
     #
     # name          string                 the Python name of the function
+    # decorators    [DecoratorNode]        list of decorators
     # args          [CArgDeclNode]         formal arguments
     # star_arg      PyArgDeclNode or None  * argument
     # starstar_arg  PyArgDeclNode or None  ** argument
@@ -1253,14 +1259,15 @@ class DefNode(FuncDefNode):
     #
     #  assmt   AssignmentNode   Function construction/assignment
     
-    child_attrs = ["args", "star_arg", "starstar_arg", "body"]
+    child_attrs = ["args", "star_arg", "starstar_arg", "body", "decorators"]
 
     assmt = None
     num_kwonly_args = 0
     num_required_kw_args = 0
     reqd_kw_flags_cname = "0"
     is_wrapper = 0
-    
+    decorators = None
+
     def __init__(self, pos, **kwds):
         FuncDefNode.__init__(self, pos, **kwds)
         k = rk = r = 0

Cython/Compiler/Optimize.py

 import Nodes
 import ExprNodes
+import PyrexTypes
 import Visitor
 
+def unwrap_node(node):
+    while isinstance(node, ExprNodes.PersistentNode):
+        node = node.arg
+    return node
 
 def is_common_value(a, b):
+    a = unwrap_node(a)
+    b = unwrap_node(b)
     if isinstance(a, ExprNodes.NameNode) and isinstance(b, ExprNodes.NameNode):
         return a.name == b.name
     if isinstance(a, ExprNodes.AttributeNode) and isinstance(b, ExprNodes.AttributeNode):
@@ -11,13 +18,20 @@ def is_common_value(a, b):
     return False
 
 
-class SwitchTransformVisitor(Visitor.VisitorTransform):
-
+class SwitchTransform(Visitor.VisitorTransform):
+    """
+    This transformation tries to turn long if statements into C switch statements. 
+    The requirement is that every clause be an (or of) var == value, where the var
+    is common among all clauses and both var and value are not Python objects. 
+    """
     def extract_conditions(self, cond):
     
         if isinstance(cond, ExprNodes.CoerceToTempNode):
             cond = cond.arg
-        
+
+        if isinstance(cond, ExprNodes.TypecastNode):
+            cond = cond.operand
+    
         if (isinstance(cond, ExprNodes.PrimaryCmpNode) 
                 and cond.cascade is None 
                 and cond.operator == '=='
@@ -40,14 +54,8 @@ class SwitchTransformVisitor(Visitor.VisitorTransform):
                 return t1, c1+c2
         return None, None
         
-    def is_common_value(self, a, b):
-        if isinstance(a, ExprNodes.NameNode) and isinstance(b, ExprNodes.NameNode):
-            return a.name == b.name
-        if isinstance(a, ExprNodes.AttributeNode) and isinstance(b, ExprNodes.AttributeNode):
-            return not a.is_py_attr and is_common_value(a.obj, b.obj)
-        return False
-    
     def visit_IfStatNode(self, node):
+        self.visitchildren(node)
         if len(node.if_clauses) < 3:
             return node
         common_var = None
@@ -56,7 +64,7 @@ class SwitchTransformVisitor(Visitor.VisitorTransform):
             var, conditions = self.extract_conditions(if_clause.condition)
             if var is None:
                 return node
-            elif common_var is not None and not self.is_common_value(var, common_var):
+            elif common_var is not None and not is_common_value(var, common_var):
                 return node
             else:
                 common_var = var
@@ -67,8 +75,60 @@ class SwitchTransformVisitor(Visitor.VisitorTransform):
                                     test = common_var,
                                     cases = cases,
                                     else_clause = node.else_clause)
-                                    
+
+
     def visit_Node(self, node):
         self.visitchildren(node)
         return node
                               
+
+class FlattenInListTransform(Visitor.VisitorTransform):
+    """
+    This transformation flattens "x in [val1, ..., valn]" into a sequential list
+    of comparisons. 
+    """
+    
+    def visit_PrimaryCmpNode(self, node):
+        self.visitchildren(node)
+        if node.cascade is not None:
+            return node
+        elif node.operator == 'in':
+            conjunction = 'or'
+            eq_or_neq = '=='
+        elif node.operator == 'not_in':
+            conjunction = 'and'
+            eq_or_neq = '!='
+        else:
+            return node
+
+        if isinstance(node.operand2, ExprNodes.TupleNode) or isinstance(node.operand2, ExprNodes.ListNode):
+            args = node.operand2.args
+            if len(args) == 0:
+                return ExprNodes.BoolNode(pos = node.pos, value = node.operator == 'not_in')
+            else:
+                lhs = ExprNodes.PersistentNode(node.operand1, len(args))
+                conds = []
+                for arg in args:
+                    cond = ExprNodes.PrimaryCmpNode(
+                                        pos = node.pos,
+                                        operand1 = lhs,
+                                        operator = eq_or_neq,
+                                        operand2 = arg,
+                                        cascade = None)
+                    conds.append(ExprNodes.TypecastNode(
+                                        pos = node.pos, 
+                                        operand = cond,
+                                        type = PyrexTypes.c_bint_type))
+                def concat(left, right):
+                    return ExprNodes.BoolBinopNode(
+                                        pos = node.pos, 
+                                        operator = conjunction,
+                                        operand1 = left,
+                                        operand2 = right)
+                return reduce(concat, conds)
+        else:
+            return node
+        
+    def visit_Node(self, node):
+        self.visitchildren(node)
+        return node

Cython/Compiler/ParseTreeTransforms.py

@@ -217,6 +217,26 @@ class WithTransform(CythonTransform):
         
         return result.stats
 
+class DecoratorTransform(CythonTransform):
+
+    def visit_DefNode(self, func_node):
+        if not func_node.decorators:
+            return func_node
+
+        decorator_result = NameNode(func_node.pos, name = func_node.name)
+        for decorator in func_node.decorators[::-1]:
+            decorator_result = SimpleCallNode(
+                decorator.pos,
+                function = decorator.decorator,
+                args = [decorator_result])
+
+        func_name_node = NameNode(func_node.pos, name = func_node.name)
+        reassignment = SingleAssignmentNode(
+            func_node.pos,
+            lhs = func_name_node,
+            rhs = decorator_result)
+        return [func_node, reassignment]
+
 class AnalyseDeclarationsTransform(CythonTransform):
 
     def __call__(self, root):

Cython/Compiler/Parsing.py

@@ -975,10 +975,13 @@ def p_from_import_statement(s, first_statement = 0):
             s.error("from __future__ imports must occur at the beginning of the file")
         else:
             for (name_pos, name, as_name, kind) in imported_names:
+                if name == "braces":
+                    s.error("not a chance", name_pos)
+                    break
                 try:
                     directive = getattr(Future, name)
                 except AttributeError:
-                    s.error("future feature %s is not defined" % name)
+                    s.error("future feature %s is not defined" % name, name_pos)
                     break
                 s.context.future_directives.add(directive)
         return Nodes.PassStatNode(pos)
@@ -1369,6 +1372,14 @@ def p_statement(s, ctx, first_statement = 0):
         return p_DEF_statement(s)
     elif s.sy == 'IF':
         return p_IF_statement(s, ctx)
+    elif s.sy == 'DECORATOR':
+        if ctx.level not in ('module', 'class', 'c_class', 'property'):
+            s.error('decorator not allowed here')
+        s.level = ctx.level
+        decorators = p_decorators(s)
+        if s.sy != 'def':
+            s.error("Decorators can only be followed by functions ")
+        return p_def_statement(s, decorators)
     else:
         overridable = 0
         if s.sy == 'cdef':
@@ -1602,9 +1613,9 @@ def p_c_simple_base_type(s, self_flag, nonempty):
 
 
     # Treat trailing [] on type as buffer access
-    if s.sy == '[':
+    if 0: # s.sy == '[':
         if is_basic:
-            p.error("Basic C types do not support buffer access")
+            s.error("Basic C types do not support buffer access")
         return p_buffer_access(s, type_node)
     else:
         return type_node
@@ -2100,7 +2111,21 @@ def p_ctypedef_statement(s, ctx):
             declarator = declarator, visibility = visibility,
             in_pxd = ctx.level == 'module_pxd')
 
-def p_def_statement(s):
+def p_decorators(s):
+    decorators = []
+    while s.sy == 'DECORATOR':
+        pos = s.position()
+        s.next()
+        decorator = ExprNodes.NameNode(
+            pos, name = Utils.EncodedString(
+                p_dotted_name(s, as_allowed=0)[2] ))
+        if s.sy == '(':
+            decorator = p_call(s, decorator)
+        decorators.append(Nodes.DecoratorNode(pos, decorator=decorator))
+        s.expect_newline("Expected a newline after decorator")
+    return decorators
+
+def p_def_statement(s, decorators=None):
     # s.sy == 'def'
     pos = s.position()
     s.next()
@@ -2129,7 +2154,7 @@ def p_def_statement(s):
     doc, body = p_suite(s, Ctx(level = 'function'), with_doc = 1)
     return Nodes.DefNode(pos, name = name, args = args, 
         star_arg = star_arg, starstar_arg = starstar_arg,
-        doc = doc, body = body)
+        doc = doc, body = body, decorators = decorators)
 
 def p_py_arg_decl(s):
     pos = s.position()

Cython/Compiler/Tests/TestDecorators.py

+import unittest
+from Cython.TestUtils import TransformTest
+from Cython.Compiler.ParseTreeTransforms import DecoratorTransform
+
+class TestDecorator(TransformTest):
+
+    def test_decorator(self):
+        t = self.run_pipeline([DecoratorTransform(None)], u"""
+        def decorator(fun):
+            return fun
+        @decorator
+        def decorated():
+            pass
+        """)
+        
+        self.assertCode(u"""
+        def decorator(fun):
+            return fun
+        def decorated():
+            pass
+        decorated = decorator(decorated)
+        """, t)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()

Demos/Setup.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from Cython.Distutils import build_ext
 ext_modules=[ 
     Extension("primes",       ["primes.pyx"]),
     Extension("spam",         ["spam.pyx"]),
+#    Extension("optargs",      ["optargs.pyx"], language = "c++"),
 ]
 
 for file in glob.glob("*.pyx"):

Doc/s5/Makefile

 
 SLIDES=$(subst .txt,.html,$(wildcard *.txt))
+SOURCES=$(subst .py,.c,$(subst .pyx,.c,$(wildcard */*.py */*.pyx)))
 
-slides: $(SLIDES)
+slides: $(SLIDES) $(SOURCES)
 
 %.html: %.txt
 	rst2s5 --current-slide --language=en $< $@
 
+%.c: %.py
+	cython --annotate $<
+
+%.c: %.pyx
+	cython --annotate $<
+
 clean:
-	rm -f *~ $(SLIDES)
+	rm -f *~ $(SLIDES) $(SOURCES) $(subst .c,.html,$(SOURCES))

Doc/s5/cython-ep2008.txt

+==============================================
+The Cython Compiler for C-Extensions in Python
+==============================================
+
+Dr. Stefan Behnel
+-----------------
+
+.. class:: center
+
+  http://www.cython.org/
+
+  cython-dev@codespeak.net
+
+.. footer:: Dr. Stefan Behnel, EuroPython 2008, Vilnius/Lietuva
+
+.. include:: <s5defs.txt>
+
+
+About myself
+============
+
+* Passionate Python developer since 2002
+
+  * after Basic, Logo, Pascal, Prolog, Scheme, Java, ...
+
+* CS studies in Germany, Ireland, France
+
+* PhD in distributed systems in 2007
+
+  * Language design for self-organising systems
+
+  * Darmstadt University of Technologies, Germany
+
+* Current occupations:
+
+  * Employed by Senacor Technologies AG, Germany
+
+    * IT transformations, SOA design, Java-Development, ...
+
+  * »lxml« OpenSource XML toolkit for Python
+
+    * http://codespeak.net/lxml/
+
+  * Cython
+
+
+What is Cython?
+===============
+
+Cython is
+
+* an Open-Source project
+
+  * http://cython.org
+
+* a Python compiler (almost)
+
+  * an enhanced, optimising fork of Pyrex
+
+* an extended Python language for
+
+  * writing fast Python extension modules
+
+  * interfacing Python with C libraries
+
+
+A little bit of history
+=======================
+
+* April 2002: release of Pyrex 0.1 by Greg Ewing
+
+  * Greg considers Pyrex a language in design phase
+
+  * Pyrex became a key language for many projects
+
+    * over the years, many people patched their Pyrex
+
+    * not all patches were answered by Greg (not in time)
+
+* minor forks and enhanced branches followed
+
+  * March 2006: my fork of Pyrex for »lxml« XML toolkit
+
+  * November 2006: »SageX« fork of Pyrex
+
+    * by Robert Bradshaw, William Stein (Univ. Seattle, USA)
+
+    * context: »Sage«, a free mathematics software package
+
+* 28th July 2007: official Cython launch
+
+  * integration of lxml's Pyrex fork into SageX
+
+  * the rest is in http://hg.cython.org/cython-devel/
+
+
+Major Cython Developers
+=======================
+
+* Robert Bradshaw and Stefan Behnel
+
+  * lead developers
+
+* Greg Ewing
+
+  * main developer and maintainer of Pyrex
+
+  * we happily share code and discuss ideas
+
+* Dag Sverre Seljebotn
+
+  * Google Summer-of-Code developer
+
+  * NumPy integration, many ideas and enhancements
+
+* many, *many* others - see
+
+  * http://cython.org/
+
+  * the mailing list archives of Cython and Pyrex
+
+
+How to use Cython
+=================
+
+* you write Python code
+
+  * Cython translates it into C code
+
+  * your C compiler builds a shared library for CPython
+
+  * you import your module
+
+* Cython has support for
+
+  * compile-time includes/imports
+
+    * with dependency tracking
+
+  * distutils
+
+    * *optionally* compile Python code from setup.py!
+
+
+Example: compiling Python code
+==============================
+
+.. sourcecode:: bash
+
+    $ cat worker.py
+
+.. sourcecode:: python
+
+    class HardWorker(object):
+        u"Almost Sisyphus"
+        def __init__(self, task):
+            self.task = task
+
+        def work_hard(self):
+            for i in range(100):
+	        self.task()
+
+.. sourcecode:: bash
+
+    $ cython worker.py
+
+* translates to 842 line `.c file <ep2008/worker.c>`_ (Cython 0.9.8)
+
+  * lots of portability #define's
+
+  * tons of helpful C comments with Python code snippets
+
+  * a lot of code that you don't want to write yourself
+
+
+Portable Code
+=============
+
+* Cython compiler generates C code that compiles
+
+  * with all major compilers (C and C++)
+
+  * on all major platforms
+
+  * in Python 2.3 to 3.0 beta1
+
+* Cython language syntax follows Python 2.6
+
+  * optional Python 3 syntax support is on TODO list
+
+    * get involved to get it quicker!
+
+\... the fastest way to port Python 2 code to Py3 ;-)
+
+
+Python 2 feature support
+========================
+
+* most of Python 2 syntax is supported
+
+  * top-level classes and functions
+
+  * exceptions
+
+  * object operations, arithmetic, ...
+
+* plus some Py3/2.6 features:
+
+  * keyword-only arguments
+
+  * unicode literals via ``__future__`` import
+
+* in recent developer branch:
+
+  * ``with`` statement
+
+  * closures (i.e. local classes and functions) are close!
+
+
+Speed
+=====
+
+Cython generates very efficient C code
+
+* according to PyBench:
+
+  * conditions and loops run 2-8x faster than in Py2.5
+
+  * most benchmarks run 30%-80% faster
+
+  * overall more than 30% faster for plain Python code
+
+* optional type declarations
+
+  * let Cython generate plain C instead of C-API calls
+
+  * make code several times faster than the above
+
+
+Type declarations
+=================
+
+* »cdef« keyword declares
+
+  * local variables with C types
+
+  * functions with C signatures
+
+  * classes as builtin extension types
+
+* Example::
+
+    def stupid_lower_case(char* s):
+        cdef Py_ssize_t size, i
+
+	size = len(s)
+        for i in range(size):
+            if s[i] >= 'A' and s[i] <= 'Z':
+                s[i] += 'a' - 'A'
+        return s
+
+
+Why is this stupid?
+===================
+
+Ask Cython!
+
+.. sourcecode:: bash
+
+    $ cat stupidlowercase.py
+
+::
+
+    def stupid_lower_case(char* s):
+        cdef Py_ssize_t size, i
+
+	size = len(s)
+        for i in range(size):
+            if s[i] >= 'A' and s[i] <= 'Z':
+                s[i] += 'a' - 'A'
+        return s
+
+.. sourcecode:: bash
+
+    $ cython --annotate stupidlowercase.py
+
+=> `stupidlowercase.html <ep2008/stupidlowercase.html>`_
+
+
+Calling C functions
+===================
+
+* Example::
+
+    cdef extern from "Python.h":
+        # copied from the Python C-API docs:
+        object PyUnicode_DecodeASCII(
+            char* s, Py_ssize_t size, char* errors)
+
+    cdef extern from "string.h":
+        int strlen(char *s)
+
+
+    cdef slightly_better_lower_case(char* s):
+        cdef Py_ssize_t i, size = strlen(s)
+        for i in range(size):
+            if s[i] >= 'A' and s[i] <= 'Z':
+                s[i] += 'a' - 'A'
+	return PyUnicode_DecodeASCII(s, size, NULL)
+
+
+Features in work
+================
+
+* Dynamic classes and functions with closures
+
+  .. sourcecode:: python
+
+    def factory(a,b):
+        def closure_function(c):
+            return a+b+c
+        return closure_function
+
+* Native support for new ``buffer`` protocol
+
+  * part of NumPy integration by Dag Seljebotn
+
+  .. sourcecode:: python
+
+    def inplace_negative_grayscale_image(
+                      ndarray[unsigned char, 2] image):
+        cdef int i, j
+        for i in range(image.shape[0]):
+            for j in range(image.shape[1]):
+                arr[i, j] = 255 - arr[i, j]
+
+
+Huge pile of great ideas
+========================
+
+* Cython Enhancement Proposals (CEPs)
+
+  * http://wiki.cython.org/enhancements
+
+* native pickle support for extension classes
+
+* meta-programming facilities
+
+* type inference strategies
+
+* compile-time assertions for optimisations
+
+* object-like C-array handling
+
+* improved C++ integration
+
+* ...
+
+
+Conclusion
+==========
+
+* Cython is a tool for
+
+  * efficiently translating Python code to C
+
+  * easily interfacing to external C libraries
+
+* Use it to
+
+  * speed up existing Python modules
+
+    * concentrate on optimisations, not rewrites!
+
+  * write C extensions for CPython
+
+    * don't change the language just to get fast code!
+
+  * wrap C libraries *in Python*
+
+    * concentrate on the mapping, not the glue!
+
+
+... but Cython is also
+======================
+
+* a great project
+
+* a very open playground for great ideas!
+
+
+Cython
+======
+
+  **Cython**
+
+  **C-Extensions in Python**
+
+  \... use it, and join the project!
+
+  http://cython.org/

Doc/s5/ep2008/stupidlowercase.py

+
+def stupid_lower_case(char* s):
+    cdef Py_ssize_t size, i
+
+    size = len(s)
+    for i in range(size):
+        if s[i] >= 'A' and s[i] <= 'Z':
+            s[i] += 'a' - 'A'
+    return s

Doc/s5/ep2008/worker.py

+
+class HardWorker(object):
+    u"Almost Sisyphus"
+    def __init__(self, task):
+        self.task = task
+
+    def work_hard(self):
+        for i in range(100):
+            self.task()

Doc/s5/ui/default/pretty.css

 /* Following are the presentation styles -- edit away! */
 
 /* body {background: #FFF url(cython.png) 1em 1em no-repeat; color: #000; font-size: 2em;} */
-:link, :visited {text-decoration: none; color: #646464;}
-#controls :active {color: #646464 !important;}
-#controls :focus {outline: 1px dotted #646464;}
+:link, :visited {text-decoration: none; color: #545454;}
+#controls :active {color: #545454 !important;}
+#controls :focus {outline: 1px dotted #545454;}
 h1, h2, h3, h4 {font-size: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0; font-weight: inherit;}
 ul, pre {margin: 0; line-height: 1em;}
 html, body {margin: 0; padding: 0;}
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ blockquote b i {font-style: italic;}
 kbd {font-weight: bold; font-size: 1em;}
 sup {font-size: smaller; line-height: 1px;}
 
+.slide {padding-top: 3em; }
+
 .slide code {padding: 2px 0.25em; font-weight: bold; color: #533;}
 .slide code.bad, code del {color: red;}
 .slide code.old {color: silver;}
@@ -32,19 +34,19 @@ sup {font-size: smaller; line-height: 1px;}
 .slide ul ul li {margin: .4em; font-size: 85%; list-style: square;}
 .slide img.leader {display: block; margin: 0 auto;}
 
-div#header, div#footer {background: #f0f0f0; color: #646464;
+div#header, div#footer {background: #f0f0f0; color: #545454;
   font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; padding: 0;}
-div#header {background: #f0f0f0 url(cython-logo64.png) 1ex 0.6ex no-repeat;
-  line-height: 1px; border-bottom: solid #646464 4px;}
+div#header {background: #f0f0f0 url(cython-logo64.png) 1ex 0.2ex no-repeat;
+  line-height: 1px; border-bottom: solid #545454 4px; height: 2.4em;}
 div#footer {font-size: 0.5em; font-weight: bold; padding: 0.6em 0;
-            border-top: solid #646464 3px;}
-#footer h1, #footer h2 {display: block; padding: 0 1em;}
+            border-top: solid #545454 3px;}
+#footer h1, #footer h2 {display: block; padding: 0 1.5ex;}
 #footer h2 {font-style: italic;}
-#footer a {color: #646464;}
+#footer a {color: #545454;}
 
 div.long {font-size: 0.75em;}
-.slide h1 {position: absolute; top: 0.4em; left: 87px; z-index: 1;
-  margin: 0; padding: 0.2em 0 0 25px; white-space: nowrap;
+.slide h1 {position: absolute; top: 0.2em; left: 87px; z-index: 1;
+  margin: 0; padding: 0.3ex 0 0 25px; white-space: nowrap;
   font: bold 150%/1em Helvetica, sans-serif; /* text-transform: capitalize; */
   color: #646464; background: #f0f0f0;}
 .slide h3 {font-size: 130%;}
@@ -58,12 +60,12 @@ html>body div#controls {position: fixed; padding: 0 0 1em 0;
 div#controls form {position: absolute; bottom: 0; right: 0; width: 100%;
   margin: 0; padding: 0;}
 #controls #navLinks a {padding: 0; margin: 0 0.5em; 
-  background: #f0f0f0; border: none; color: #646464;
+  background: #f0f0f0; border: none; color: #545454;
   cursor: pointer;}
 #controls #navList {height: 1em;}
 #controls #navList #jumplist {position: absolute; bottom: 0; right: 0; background: #f0f0f0; color: black;}
 
-#currentSlide {text-align: center; font-size: 0.5em; color: #646464; left: 90%; bottom: 2px;}
+#currentSlide {text-align: center; font-size: 0.5em; color: #545454; left: 90%; bottom: 2px;}
 
 #slide0 {padding-top: 3em; font-size: 90%;}
 #slide0 h1 {position: static; margin: 1em 0 0; padding: 0;
@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ ul.urls {list-style: none; display: inline; margin: 0;}
 html>body .external {border-bottom: none;}
 /* .external:after {content: " \274F"; font-size: smaller; color: #7B7;} */
 
-/* .incremental, .incremental *, .incremental *:after {color: #646464; visibility: visible;} */
+/* .incremental, .incremental *, .incremental *:after {color: #545454; visibility: visible;} */
 .incremental, .incremental *, .incremental *:after {visibility: hidden;}
 img.incremental {visibility: hidden;}
 .slide .current {color: #B02;}

Doc/s5/ui/default/print.css

-/* The following rule is necessary to have all slides appear in print! DO NOT REMOVE IT! */.slide, ul {page-break-inside: avoid; visibility: visible !important;}h1 {page-break-after: avoid;}
body {font-size: 12pt; background: white;}* {color: black;}
#slide0 h1 {font-size: 200%; border: none; margin: 0.5em 0 0.25em;}#slide0 h3 {margin: 0; padding: 0;}#slide0 h4 {margin: 0 0 0.5em; padding: 0;}#slide0 {margin-bottom: 3em;}
h1 {border-top: 2pt solid gray; border-bottom: 1px dotted silver;}.extra {background: transparent !important;}div.extra, pre.extra, .example {font-size: 10pt; color: #333;}ul.extra a {font-weight: bold;}p.example {display: none;}
#header {display: none;}#footer h1 {margin: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid; color: gray; font-style: italic;}#footer h2, #controls {display: none;}
/* The following rule keeps the layout stuff out of print.  Remove at your own risk! */.layout, .layout * {display: none !important;}
\ No newline at end of file
+/* The following rule is necessary to have all slides appear in print! DO NOT REMOVE IT! */
+.slide, ul {page-break-inside: avoid; visibility: visible !important;}
+h1 {page-break-after: avoid;}
+
+body {font-size: 12pt; background: white;}
+* {color: black;}
+
+#slide0 h1 {font-size: 200%; border: none; margin: 0.5em 0 0.25em;}
+#slide0 h3 {margin: 0; padding: 0;}
+#slide0 h4 {margin: 0 0 0.5em; padding: 0;}
+#slide0 {margin-bottom: 3em;}
+
+h1 {border-top: 2pt solid gray; border-bottom: 1px dotted silver;}
+.extra {background: transparent !important;}
+div.extra, pre.extra, .example {font-size: 10pt; color: #333;}
+ul.extra a {font-weight: bold;}
+p.example {display: none;}
+
+#header {display: none;}
+#footer h1 {margin: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid; color: gray; font-style: italic;}
+#footer h2, #controls {display: none;}
+
+/* The following rule keeps the layout stuff out of print.  Remove at your own risk! */
+.layout, .layout * {display: none !important;}

Makefile

@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ testclean:
 	rm -fr BUILD
 
 test:	testclean
-	${PYTHON} runtests.py
+	${PYTHON} runtests.py -vv
 
 test3:	testclean
 	${PYTHON} runtests.py --no-cleanup
-	python3.0 runtests.py --no-cython
+	python3.0 runtests.py -vv --no-cython
 
 s5:
 	$(MAKE) -C Doc/s5 slides

runtests.py

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ from distutils.core import Extension
 from distutils.command.build_ext import build_ext
 distutils_distro = Distribution()
 
-TEST_DIRS = ['compile', 'errors', 'run']
-TEST_RUN_DIRS = ['run']
+TEST_DIRS = ['compile', 'errors', 'run', 'pyregr']
+TEST_RUN_DIRS = ['run', 'pyregr']
 
 INCLUDE_DIRS = [ d for d in os.getenv('INCLUDE', '').split(os.pathsep) if d ]
 CFLAGS = os.getenv('CFLAGS', '').split()
@@ -78,15 +78,21 @@ class TestBuilder(object):
         filenames = os.listdir(path)
         filenames.sort()
         for filename in filenames:
-            if not filename.endswith(".pyx"):
+            if not (filename.endswith(".pyx") or filename.endswith(".py")):
                 continue
-            module = filename[:-4]
+            if context == 'pyregr' and not filename.startswith('test_'):
+                continue
+            module = os.path.splitext(filename)[0]
             fqmodule = "%s.%s" % (context, module)
             if not [ 1 for match in self.selectors
                      if match(fqmodule) ]:
                 continue
             if context in TEST_RUN_DIRS:
-                test = CythonRunTestCase(
+                if module.startswith("test_"):
+                    build_test = CythonUnitTestCase
+                else:
+                    build_test = CythonRunTestCase
+                test = build_test(
                     path, workdir, module,
                     annotate=self.annotate,
                     cleanup_workdir=self.cleanup_workdir)
@@ -133,11 +139,21 @@ class CythonCompileTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
             os.makedirs(self.workdir)
 
     def runTest(self):
+        self.runCompileTest()
+
+    def runCompileTest(self):
         self.compile(self.directory, self.module, self.workdir,
                      self.directory, self.expect_errors, self.annotate)
 
+    def find_module_source_file(self, source_file):
+        if not os.path.exists(source_file):
+            source_file = source_file[:-1]
+        return source_file
+
     def split_source_and_output(self, directory, module, workdir):
-        source_and_output = open(os.path.join(directory, module + '.pyx'), 'rU')
+        source_file = os.path.join(directory, module) + '.pyx'
+        source_and_output = open(
+            self.find_module_source_file(source_file), 'rU')
         out = open(os.path.join(workdir, module + '.pyx'), 'w')
         for line in source_and_output:
             last_line = line
@@ -157,7 +173,8 @@ class CythonCompileTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         include_dirs = INCLUDE_DIRS[:]
         if incdir:
             include_dirs.append(incdir)
-        source = os.path.join(directory, module + '.pyx')
+        source = self.find_module_source_file(
+            os.path.join(directory, module + '.pyx'))
         target = os.path.join(targetdir, module + '.c')
         options = CompilationOptions(
             pyrex_default_options,
@@ -228,7 +245,7 @@ class CythonRunTestCase(CythonCompileTestCase):
             result = self.defaultTestResult()
         result.startTest(self)
         try:
-            self.runTest()
+            self.runCompileTest()
             doctest.DocTestSuite(self.module).run(result)
         except Exception:
             result.addError(self, sys.exc_info())
@@ -238,6 +255,25 @@ class CythonRunTestCase(CythonCompileTestCase):
         except Exception:
             pass
 
+class CythonUnitTestCase(CythonCompileTestCase):
+    def shortDescription(self):
+        return "compiling and running unit tests in " + self.module
+
+    def run(self, result=None):
+        if result is None:
+            result = self.defaultTestResult()
+        result.startTest(self)
+        try:
+            self.runCompileTest()
+            unittest.defaultTestLoader.loadTestsFromName(self.module).run(result)
+        except Exception:
+            result.addError(self, sys.exc_info())
+            result.stopTest(self)
+        try:
+            self.tearDown()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
 def collect_unittests(path, suite, selectors):
     def file_matches(filename):
         return filename.startswith("Test") and filename.endswith(".py")

tests/broken/assert2.pyx

+def f(a, b):
+    assert a, a+b

tests/broken/b_extimpinherit.pyx

+cdef class Parrot:
+
+    cdef describe(self):
+        print "This is a parrot."
+    
+    cdef action(self):
+        print "Polly wants a cracker!"

tests/broken/big_t.pyx

+cdef extern from "foo.h":
+    ctypedef long long big_t
+    cdef void spam(big_t b)
+
+spam(grail)

tests/broken/builtinconst.pyx

+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef type t
+    cdef object x
+    t = buffer
+    t = enumerate
+    t = file
+    t = float
+    t = int
+    t = long
+    t = open
+    t = property
+    t = str
+    t = tuple
+    t = xrange
+    x = True
+    x = False
+    x = Ellipsis
+    x = Exception
+    x = StopIteration
+    x = StandardError
+    x = ArithmeticError
+    x = LookupError
+    x = AssertionError
+    x = AssertionError
+    x = EOFError
+    x = FloatingPointError
+    x = EnvironmentError
+    x = IOError
+    x = OSError
+    x = ImportError
+    x = IndexError
+    x = KeyError
+    x = KeyboardInterrupt
+    x = MemoryError
+    x = NameError
+    x = OverflowError
+    x = RuntimeError
+    x = NotImplementedError
+    x = SyntaxError
+    x = IndentationError
+    x = TabError
+    x = ReferenceError
+    x = SystemError
+    x = SystemExit
+    x = TypeError
+    x = UnboundLocalError
+    x = UnicodeError
+    x = UnicodeEncodeError
+    x = UnicodeDecodeError
+    x = UnicodeTranslateError
+    x = ValueError
+    x = ZeroDivisionError
+    x = MemoryErrorInst
+    x = Warning
+    x = UserWarning
+    x = DeprecationWarning
+    x = PendingDeprecationWarning
+    x = SyntaxWarning
+    #x = OverflowWarning # Does not seem to exist in 2.5
+    x = RuntimeWarning
+    x = FutureWarning
+    typecheck(x, Exception)
+    try:
+        pass
+    except ValueError:
+        pass

tests/broken/builtindict.pyx

+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef dict d
+    cdef object x, z
+    cdef int i
+    z = dict
+    d = dict(x)
+    d = dict(*x)
+    d.clear()
+    z = d.copy()
+    z = d.items()
+    z = d.keys()
+    z = d.values()
+    d.merge(x, i)
+    d.update(x)
+    d.merge_pairs(x, i)

tests/broken/builtinlist.pyx

+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef list l
+    cdef object x, y, z
+    z = list
+    l = list(x)
+    l = list(*y)
+    z = l.insert
+    l.insert(17, 42)
+    l.append(88)
+    l.sort()
+    l.reverse()
+    z = l.as_tuple()

tests/broken/builtinslice.pyx

+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef slice s
+    cdef object z
+    cdef int i
+    z = slice
+    s = slice(1, 2, 3)
+    z = slice.indices()
+    i = s.start
+    i = s.stop
+    i = s.step

tests/broken/builtintype.pyx

+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef type t1, t2
+    cdef object x
+    cdef int b
+    b = typecheck(x, t1)
+    b = issubtype(t1, t2)

tests/broken/cascadedass.pyx

+cdef void foo():
+    cdef int i, j, k
+    i = j = k
+    a = b = c
+    i = j = c
+    a = b = k
+    (a, b), c = (d, e), f = (x, y), z
+#	a, b = p, q = x, y
\ No newline at end of file

tests/broken/cdefemptysue.pyx

+cdef extern from "cdefemptysue.h":
+
+    cdef struct spam:
+        pass
+    
+    ctypedef union eggs:
+        pass
+    
+    cdef enum ham:
+        pass
+    
+cdef extern spam s
+cdef extern eggs e
+cdef extern ham h

tests/broken/cdefexternblock.pyx

+cdef extern from "cheese.h":
+
+    ctypedef int camembert
+    
+    struct roquefort:
+        int x
+        
+    char *swiss
+    
+    void cheddar()
+
+    class external.runny [object runny_obj]:
+        cdef int a
+        def __init__(self):
+            pass
+
+cdef runny r
+r = x
+r.a = 42

tests/broken/cdefexternempty.pyx

+cdef extern from "cheese.h":
+    pass
+

tests/broken/cexportfunc.pyx

+cdef int f():
+    pass
+
+cdef char *g(int k, float z):
+    pass

tests/broken/cimport.pyx

+cimport spam
+cimport pkg.eggs
+
+cdef spam.Spam yummy
+cdef pkg.eggs.Eggs fried
+
+spam.eat(yummy)
+spam.tons = 3.14
+ova = pkg.eggs
+fried = pkg.eggs.Eggs()

tests/broken/cimportfrom.pyx

+from spam cimport Spam
+from pkg.eggs cimport Eggs as ova
+
+cdef extern Spam yummy
+cdef ova fried
+
+fried = None

tests/broken/cimportfrompkgdir.pyx

+from package.inpackage cimport Spam
+
+cdef Spam s2

tests/broken/cimportfunc.pyx

+from cexportfunc cimport f, g

tests/broken/ctypedefextern.pyx

+cdef extern from "ctypedefextern.h":
+
+    ctypedef int some_int
+    ctypedef some_int *some_ptr
+
+cdef void spam():
+    cdef some_int i
+    cdef some_ptr p
+    p[0] = i

tests/broken/e_exestmtinexttype.pyx

+cdef class Spam:
+    answer = 42

tests/broken/e_nogil.pyx

+cdef object f(object x) nogil:
+    pass
+
+cdef void g(int x) nogil:
+    cdef object z
+    z = None
+
+cdef void h(int x) nogil:
+    p()
+
+cdef object p() nogil:
+    pass
+
+cdef void r() nogil:
+    q()
+    
+cdef void (*fp)()
+cdef void (*fq)() nogil
+cdef extern void u()
+
+cdef object m():
+    global fp, fq
+    cdef object x, y, obj
+    cdef int i, j, k
+    global fred
+    q()
+    with nogil:
+        r()
+        q()
+        i = 42
+        obj = None
+        17L
+        7j
+        asdf
+        `"Hello"`
+        import fred
+        from fred import obj
+        for x in obj:
+            pass
+        obj[i]
+        obj[i:j]
+        obj[i:j:k]
+        obj.fred
+        (x, y)
+        [x, y]
+        {x: y}
+        obj and x
+        t(obj)
+        f(42)
+        x + obj
+        -obj
+        x = y = obj
+        x, y = y, x
+        obj[i] = x
+        obj.fred = x
+        print obj
+        del fred
+        return obj
+        raise obj
+        if obj:
+            pass
+        while obj:
+            pass
+        for x <= obj <= y:
+            pass
+        try:
+            pass
+        except:
+            pass
+        try:
+            pass
+        finally:
+            pass
+        fq = u
+        fq = fp
+
+cdef void q():
+    pass
+
+cdef class C:
+    pass
+
+cdef void t(C c) nogil:
+    pass

tests/broken/externfunc.pyx

+cdef extern from "foo.h":
+
+    int fred()

tests/broken/externsue.pyx

+cdef extern from "externsue.h":
+
+    enum Eggs:
+        runny, firm, hard
+    
+    struct Spam:
+        int i
+    
+    union Soviet:
+        char c
+
+cdef extern Eggs e
+cdef extern Spam s
+cdef extern Soviet u
+
+cdef void tomato():
+    global e
+    e = runny
+    e = firm
+    e = hard
+

tests/broken/fwddeclcclass.pyx

+cdef class Widget:
+    pass
+
+cdef class Container:
+    pass
+
+cdef Widget w
+cdef Container c
+w.parent = c

tests/broken/getattr.pyx

+cdef class Spam:
+    cdef public object eggs
+    
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        print "Spam getattr:", name

tests/broken/getattr3ref.pyx

+cdef int f() except -1:
+    g = getattr3

tests/broken/i_public.pyx

+cdef public int grail
+
+cdef public spam(int servings):
+    pass
+
+cdef public class sandwich [object sandwich, type sandwich_Type]:
+    cdef int tomato
+    cdef float lettuce

tests/broken/includepublic.pyx

+include "i_public.pxi"
+

tests/broken/inplace_lhs.pyx

+cdef struct S:
+    int q
+
+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef int i, j, k
+    cdef float x, y, z
+    cdef object a, b, c, d, e
+    cdef int m[3]
+    cdef S s
+    global g
+    i += j + k
+    x += y + z
+    x += i
+    a += b + c
+    g += a
+    m[i] += j
+    a[i] += b + c
+    a[b + c] += d
+    (a + b)[c] += d
+    a[i : j] += b
+    (a + b)[i : j] += c
+    a.b += c + d
+    (a + b).c += d
+    s.q += i

tests/broken/inplace_ops.pyx

+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef object a, b
+    cdef char *p
+    a += b
+    a -= b
+    a *= b
+    a /= b
+    a %= b
+    a **= b
+    a <<= b
+    a >>= b
+    a &= b
+    a ^= b
+    a |= b
+    p += 42
+    p -= 42
+    p += a

tests/broken/intindex.pyx

+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef object x, y, z
+    cdef int i
+    cdef unsigned int ui
+    z = x[y]
+    z = x[i]
+    x[y] = z
+    x[i] = z
+    z = x[ui]
+    x[ui] = z

tests/broken/l_capi.pyx

+cdef api float f(float x):
+    return 0.5 * x * x

tests/broken/l_cfuncexport.pyx

+cdef int f(int x):
+    return x * x
+
+cdef int g(int x):
+    return 5 * x

tests/broken/naanou_1.pyx

+def f(a, *p, **n):
+    pass

tests/broken/newstyleintforloop.pyx

+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef int i, x, y
+    for x < i < y:
+        pass

tests/broken/oldstyleintforloop.pyx

+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef int i, x, y
+    for i from x < i < y:
+        pass

tests/broken/pkg.cimport.pyx

+cimport spam, eggs
+
+cdef extern spam.Spam yummy
+cdef eggs.Eggs fried
+
+fried = None

tests/broken/pkg.cimportfrom.pyx

+from spam cimport Spam
+from eggs cimport Eggs
+
+cdef extern Spam yummy
+cdef Eggs fried
+
+fried = None

tests/broken/r_builtinlist.pyx

+def f():
+    cdef list l
+    l = list()
+    l.append("second")
+    l.insert(0, "first")
+    return l

tests/broken/r_capi.pyx

+cdef extern from "l_capi_api.h":
+    float f(float)
+    int import_l_capi() except -1
+
+def test():
+    print f(3.1415)
+
+import_l_capi()

tests/broken/r_cfuncimport.pyx

+cimport l_cfuncexport
+from l_cfuncexport cimport g
+
+print l_cfuncexport.f(42)
+print g(42)

tests/broken/r_classdoc.pyx

+class Spam:
+    """Spam, glorious spam!"""
+

tests/broken/r_classmodname.pyx

+class Spam:
+    pass

tests/broken/r_excval.pyx

+cdef int tomato() except -1:
+    print "Entering tomato"
+    raise Exception("Eject! Eject! Eject!")
+    print "Leaving tomato"
+    
+cdef void sandwich():
+    print "Entering sandwich"
+    tomato()
+    print "Leaving sandwich"
+
+def snack():
+    print "Entering snack"
+    tomato()
+    print "Leaving snack"
+
+def lunch():
+    print "Entering lunch"
+    sandwich()
+    print "Leaving lunch"

tests/broken/r_extcmethod.pyx

+cdef class SpamDish:
+    cdef int spam
+
+    cdef void describe(self):
+        print "This dish contains", self.spam, "tons of spam."
+
+
+cdef class FancySpamDish(SpamDish):
+    cdef int lettuce
+    
+    cdef void describe(self):
+        print "This dish contains", self.spam, "tons of spam",
+        print "and", self.lettuce, "milligrams of lettuce."
+
+
+cdef void describe_dish(SpamDish d):
+    d.describe()
+
+def test():
+    cdef SpamDish s
+    cdef FancySpamDish ss
+    s = SpamDish()
+    s.spam = 42
+    ss = FancySpamDish()
+    ss.spam = 88
+    ss.lettuce = 5
+    describe_dish(s)
+    describe_dish(ss)

tests/broken/r_extimpinherit.pyx

+from b_extimpinherit cimport Parrot
+
+
+cdef class Norwegian(Parrot):
+
+    cdef action(self):
+        print "This parrot is resting."
+    
+    cdef plumage(self):
+        print "Lovely plumage!"
+
+
+def main():
+    cdef Parrot p
+    cdef Norwegian n
+    p = Parrot()
+    n = Norwegian()
+    print "Parrot:"
+    p.describe()
+    p.action()
+    print "Norwegian:"
+    n.describe()
+    n.action()
+    n.plumage()

tests/broken/r_extinherit.pyx

+cdef class Parrot:
+
+    cdef object plumage
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.plumage = "yellow"
+    
+    def describe(self):
+        print "This bird has lovely", self.plumage, "plumage."
+
+
+cdef class Norwegian(Parrot):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.plumage = "blue"
+

tests/broken/r_extmember.pyx

+cdef class Spam:
+    cdef public int tons
+    cdef readonly float tastiness
+    cdef int temperature
+    
+    def __init__(self, tons, tastiness, temperature):
+        self.tons = tons
+        self.tastiness = tastiness
+        self.temperature = temperature
+    
+    def get_temperature(self):
+        return self.temperature

tests/broken/r_extnumeric2.pyx

+cdef extern from "numeric.h":
+    
+    struct PyArray_Descr:
+        int type_num, elsize
+        char type
+    
+    ctypedef class Numeric.ArrayType [object PyArrayObject]:
+        cdef char *data
+        cdef int nd
+        cdef int *dimensions, *strides
+        cdef object base
+        cdef PyArray_Descr *descr
+        cdef int flags
+    
+def ogle(ArrayType a):
+    print "No. of dimensions:", a.nd
+    print "  Dim Value"
+    for i in range(a.nd):
+        print "%5d %5d" % (i, a.dimensions[i])
+    print "flags:", a.flags
+    print "Type no.", a.descr.type_num
+    print "Element size:", a.descr.elsize

tests/broken/r_extproperty.pyx

+cdef class CheeseShop:
+    cdef object cheeses
+    
+    def __cinit__(self):
+        self.cheeses = []
+
+    property cheese:
+    
+        "A senseless waste of a property."
+        
+        def __get__(self):
+            return "We don't have: %s" % self.cheeses
+
+        def __set__(self, value):
+            self.cheeses.append(value)
+        
+        def __del__(self):
+            del self.cheeses[:]

tests/broken/r_extweakref.pyx

+cdef class Animal:
+    cdef object __weakref__
+    cdef public object name

tests/broken/r_getattr3.pyx

+def test(obj, attr, dflt):
+    return getattr3(obj, attr, dflt)

tests/broken/r_import.pyx

+import spam
+print "Imported spam"
+print dir(spam)
+
+import sys
+print "Imported sys"
+print sys
+

tests/broken/r_inhcmethcall.pyx

+cdef class Parrot:
+
+  cdef void describe(self):
+    print "This parrot is resting."
+
+
+cdef class Norwegian(Parrot):
+
+  cdef void describe(self):
+    Parrot.describe(self)
+    print "Lovely plumage!"
+
+
+cdef Parrot p1, p2
+p1 = Parrot()
+p2 = Norwegian()
+p1.describe()
+p2.describe()

tests/broken/r_kwonlyargs.pyx

+def pd(d):
+    l = []
+    i = d.items()
+    i.sort()
+    for kv in i:
+        l.append("%r: %r" % kv)
+    return "{%s}" % ", ".join(l)
+
+def c(a, b, c):
+    print "a =", a, "b =", b, "c =", c
+
+def d(a, b, *, c = 88):
+    print "a =", a, "b =", b, "c =", c
+
+def e(a, b, c = 88, **kwds):
+    print "a =", a, "b =", b, "c =", c, "kwds =", pd(kwds)
+
+def f(a, b, *, c, d = 42):
+    print "a =", a, "b =", b, "c =", c, "d =", d
+
+def g(a, b, *, c, d = 42, e = 17, f, **kwds):
+    print "a =", a, "b =", b, "c =", c, "d =", d, "e =", e, "f =", f, "kwds =", pd(kwds)
+
+def h(a, b, *args, c, d = 42, e = 17, f, **kwds):
+    print "a =", a, "b =", b, "args =", args, "c =", c, "d =", d, "e =", e, "f =", f, "kwds =", pd(kwds)

tests/broken/r_newstyleclass.pyx

+class Inquisition(object):
+    """Something that nobody expects."""
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "Surprise!"

tests/broken/r_simpcall.pyx

+def f():
+    print "Spam!"
+
+f()

tests/broken/r_tbfilename.pyx

+def foo():
+    raise Exception

tests/broken/r_traceback.pyx

+cdef int spam() except -1:
+    raise Exception("Spam error")
+
+cdef int grail() except -1:
+    spam()
+
+def tomato():
+    grail()
+

tests/broken/r_unpack.pyx

+seq = [1, [2, 3]]
+
+def f():
+    a, (b, c) = [1, [2, 3]]
+    print a
+    print b
+    print c
+
+def g():
+    a, b, c = seq
+
+def h():
+    a, = seq

tests/broken/retconvert.pyx

+def f():
+    return 42
+
+cdef int g():
+    cdef object x
+    return x

tests/broken/specialfloatvals.pyx

+DEF nan = float('nan')
+DEF inf = float('inf')
+DEF minf = -float('inf')
+
+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef float x, y, z
+    x = nan
+    y = inf
+    z = minf

tests/broken/test_include_options.pyx

+import sys
+from Pyrex.Compiler.Main import main
+
+sys.argv[1:] = "-I spam -Ieggs --include-dir ham".split()
+main(command_line = 1)

tests/broken/tslots.pyx

+cdef class Spam:
+    pass
+
+def probe():
+    pass

tests/broken/typeofexttype.pyx

+cdef class Spam:
+    pass
+
+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef type t
+    t = Spam

tests/broken/voidstarcast.pyx

+cdef class C:
+    cdef int i
+
+cdef int f() except -1:
+    cdef object x
+    cdef void *p
+    cdef int i
+    x = <object>p
+    p = <void *>x
+    x = (<object>p).foo
+    i = (<C>p).i
+    (<C>p).i = i

tests/errors/e_addop.pyx

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ def f():
 	cdef int int1, int3
 	cdef int *ptr1, *ptr2, *ptr3
 	ptr1 = ptr2 + ptr3 # error
+
 _ERRORS = u"""
-/Local/Projects/D/Pyrex/Source/Tests/Errors2/e_addop.pyx:4:13: Invalid operand types for '+' (int *; int *)
+4:13: Invalid operand types for '+' (int *; int *)
 """

tests/errors/futurebraces.pyx

+from __future__ import braces
+
+_ERRORS = """
+1:23: not a chance
+"""

tests/run/carrays.pyx

+__doc__ = """
+>>> test()
+2
+"""
+
+def test():
+    cdef int x[2][2]
+    x[0][0] = 1
+    x[0][1] = 2
+    x[1][0] = 3
+    x[1][1] = 4
+    return f(x)[1]
+
+cdef int* f(int x[2][2]):
+    return x[0]

tests/run/decorators.pyx

+__doc__ = u"""
+  >>> f(1,2)
+  4
+  >>> f.HERE
+  1
+
+  >>> g(1,2)
+  5
+  >>> g.HERE
+  5
+
+  >>> h(1,2)
+  6
+  >>> h.HERE
+  1
+"""
+
+class wrap:
+    def __init__(self, func):
+        self.func = func
+        self.HERE = 1
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+def decorate(func):
+    try:
+        func.HERE += 1
+    except AttributeError:
+        func = wrap(func)
+    return func
+
+def decorate2(a,b):
+    return decorate
+
+@decorate
+def f(a,b):
+    return a+b+1
+
+@decorate
+@decorate
+@decorate
+@decorate
+@decorate
+def g(a,b):
+    return a+b+2
+
+@decorate2(1,2)
+def h(a,b):
+    return a+b+3

tests/run/flatin.pyx

+__doc__ = u"""
+>>> test_in('ABC')
+1
+>>> test_in('abc')
+2
+>>> test_in('X')
+3
+>>> test_in('XYZ')
+4
+>>> test_in('ABCXYZ')
+5
+>>> test_in('')
+5
+
+>>> test_not_in('abc')
+1
+>>> test_not_in('CDE')
+2
+>>> test_not_in('CDEF')
+3
+>>> test_not_in('BCD')
+4
+"""
+
+def test_in(s):
+    if s in ('ABC', 'BCD'):
+        return 1
+    elif s.upper() in ('ABC', 'BCD'):
+        return 2
+    elif len(s) in (1,2):
+        return 3
+    elif len(s) in (3,4):
+        return 4
+    else:
+        return 5
+
+def test_not_in(s):
+    if s not in ('ABC', 'BCD', 'CDE', 'CDEF'):
+        return 1
+    elif s.upper() not in ('ABC', 'BCD', 'CDEF'):
+        return 2
+    elif len(s) not in [3]:
+        return 3
+    elif len(s) not in [1,2]:
+        return 4
+    else:
+        return 5

tests/run/r_forloop.pyx

 __doc__ = u"""
-  >>> go()
+  >>> go_py()
+  Spam!
+  Spam!
+  Spam!
+  Spam!
+  Spam!
+
+  >>> go_c()
   Spam!
   Spam!
   Spam!
@@ -7,7 +14,11 @@ __doc__ = u"""
   Spam!
 """
 
-def go():
+def go_py():
     for i in range(5):
         print u"Spam!"
 
+def go_c():
+    cdef int i
+    for i in range(5):
+        print u"Spam!"

tests/run/returnparassign.pyx

+__doc__ = u"""
+>>> test()
+5
+"""
+
+def test():
+    a = b = c = 5
+    return a

tests/run/switch.pyx

+__doc__ = u"""
+>>> switch_simple_py(1)
+1
+>>> switch_simple_py(2)
+2
+>>> switch_simple_py(3)
+3
+>>> switch_simple_py(4)
+8
+>>> switch_simple_py(5)
+0
+
+>>> switch_py(1)
+1
+>>> switch_py(2)
+2
+>>> switch_py(3)
+3
+>>> switch_py(4)
+4
+>>> switch_py(5)
+4
+>>> switch_py(6)
+0
+>>> switch_py(8)
+4
+>>> switch_py(10)
+7
+>>> switch_py(12)
+8
+>>> switch_py(13)
+0
+
+>>> switch_simple_c(1)
+1
+>>> switch_simple_c(2)
+2
+>>> switch_simple_c(3)
+3
+>>> switch_simple_c(4)
+8
+>>> switch_simple_c(5)
+0
+
+>>> switch_c(1)
+1
+>>> switch_c(2)
+2
+>>> switch_c(3)
+3
+>>> switch_c(4)
+4
+>>> switch_c(5)
+4
+>>> switch_c(6)
+0
+>>> switch_c(8)
+4
+>>> switch_c(10)
+7
+>>> switch_c(12)
+8
+>>> switch_c(13)
+0
+"""
+
+def switch_simple_py(x):
+    if x == 1:
+        return 1
+    elif 2 == x:
+        return 2
+    elif x in [3]:
+        return 3
+    elif x in (4,):
+        return 8
+    else:
+        return 0
+    return -1
+
+def switch_py(x):
+    if x == 1:
+        return 1
+    elif 2 == x:
+        return 2
+    elif x in [3]:
+        return 3
+    elif x in [4,5,7,8]:
+        return 4
+    elif x in (10,11): # doesn't work:  (7,8,10,11)
+        return 7
+    elif x in (12,):
+        return 8
+    else:
+        return 0
+    return -1
+
+def switch_simple_c(int x):
+    if x == 1:
+        return 1
+    elif 2 == x:
+        return 2
+    elif x in [3]:
+        return 3
+    elif x in (4,):
+        return 8
+    else:
+        return 0
+    return -1
+
+def switch_c(int x):
+    if x == 1:
+        return 1
+    elif 2 == x:
+        return 2
+    elif x in [3]:
+        return 3
+    elif x in [4,5,7,8]:
+        return 4
+    elif x in (10,11): # doesn't work:  (7,8,10,11)
+        return 7
+    elif x in (12,):
+        return 8
+    else:
+        return 0
+    return -1