Apply Nick Alexander's patch so that Sagex that embeds positions in module, cdef class, and def class docstrings.

There's a minor bug, if you try to cdef a readonly variable at the module
scope, the compiler raises an UnboundLocalError exception.  The attached
patch seems to clear up the problem and gets the compiler to report the
correct error.

For example:

  /* "/Volumes/HOME/s/devel/sage-1/sage/matrix/matrix_generic_sparse.pyx":581
    x = set(v.keys()).intersection(set(w.keys()))
    a = 0
    for k in x:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
        a = a + v[k]*w[k]
    return a
 */
  __pyx_3 = PyObject_GetIter(__pyx_v_x); if (!__pyx_3) {__pyx_filename = __pyx_f[0]; __pyx_lineno = 581; goto __pyx_L1;}
  for (;;) {

  -p, --embed-positions          If specified, the positions in Pyrex files of each
                                 function definition is embedded in its docstring.

This is very useful to support interactive viewing of *Pyrex* source
code in, e.g, IPython.

  This required a number of changes to a few files.  Basically, the
  full module name is determined in Main.py. It is then passed around
  a bit until it is used when generating tp_name.

  This change was needed because otherwise pickling of extension classes
  with full module names like sage.rings.integer.Integer would fail
  (since Python would look for integer.Integer instead).  NOTE: This is
  pickling of the extension class itself, not of instances (which could
  also fail, because the class doesn't pickle).

Finally, you can see the line itself where the error occured,
instead of just the line number!!

Added a "Warning" class, and changed it so redeclaring or re-importing is a warning rather than an error.

    Because Pyrex has no #ifndef macro, it is impossibly painful to use
    pxi files for declarations in a large project.  SAGE is a large project.
    Also, in Python it is not an error to import a module twice.  Thus
    more in line with Python's behavior, multiple declarations of the same
    symbol is no longer an error.