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Kirill Smelkov
cpython
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3d9a9d47
Commit
3d9a9d47
authored
Sep 10, 2015
by
Zachary Ware
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Issue #25022: Add NEWS, fix docs to not mention the old example.
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Doc/extending/windows.rst
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Doc/extending/windows.rst
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@@ -37,150 +37,9 @@ There are two approaches to building extension modules on Windows, just as there
are on Unix: use the :mod:`distutils` package to control the build process, or
do things manually. The distutils approach works well for most extensions;
documentation on using :mod:`distutils` to build and package extension modules
is available in :ref:`distutils-index`. This section describes the manual
approach to building Python extensions written in C or C++.
To build extensions using these instructions, you need to have a copy of the
Python sources of the same version as your installed Python. You will need
Microsoft Visual C++ "Developer Studio"; project files are supplied for VC++
version 7.1, but you can use older versions of VC++. Notice that you should use
the same version of VC++that was used to build Python itself. The example files
described here are distributed with the Python sources in the
:file:`PC\\example_nt\\` directory.
#. **Copy the example files** --- The :file:`example_nt` directory is a
subdirectory of the :file:`PC` directory, in order to keep all the PC-specific
files under the same directory in the source distribution. However, the
:file:`example_nt` directory can't actually be used from this location. You
first need to copy or move it up one level, so that :file:`example_nt` is a
sibling of the :file:`PC` and :file:`Include` directories. Do all your work
from within this new location.
#. **Open the project** --- From VC++, use the :menuselection:`File --> Open
Solution` dialog (not :menuselection:`File --> Open`!). Navigate to and select
the file :file:`example.sln`, in the *copy* of the :file:`example_nt` directory
you made above. Click Open.
#. **Build the example DLL** --- In order to check that everything is set up
right, try building:
#. Select a configuration. This step is optional. Choose
:menuselection:`Build --> Configuration Manager --> Active Solution Configuration`
and select either :guilabel:`Release` or :guilabel:`Debug`. If you skip this
step, VC++ will use the Debug configuration by default.
#. Build the DLL. Choose :menuselection:`Build --> Build Solution`. This
creates all intermediate and result files in a subdirectory called either
:file:`Debug` or :file:`Release`, depending on which configuration you selected
in the preceding step.
#. **Testing the debug-mode DLL** --- Once the Debug build has succeeded, bring
up a DOS box, and change to the :file:`example_nt\\Debug` directory. You should
now be able to repeat the following session (``C>`` is the DOS prompt, ``>>>``
is the Python prompt; note that build information and various debug output from
Python may not match this screen dump exactly)::
C>..\..\PCbuild\python_d
Adding parser accelerators ...
Done.
Python 2.2 (#28, Dec 19 2001, 23:26:37) [MSC 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import example
[4897 refs]
>>> example.foo()
Hello, world
[4903 refs]
>>>
Congratulations! You've successfully built your first Python extension module.
#. **Creating your own project** --- Choose a name and create a directory for
it. Copy your C sources into it. Note that the module source file name does
not necessarily have to match the module name, but the name of the
initialization function should match the module name --- you can only import a
module :mod:`spam` if its initialization function is called :c:func:`initspam`,
and it should call :c:func:`Py_InitModule` with the string ``"spam"`` as its
first argument (use the minimal :file:`example.c` in this directory as a guide).
By convention, it lives in a file called :file:`spam.c` or :file:`spammodule.c`.
The output file should be called :file:`spam.pyd` (in Release mode) or
:file:`spam_d.pyd` (in Debug mode). The extension :file:`.pyd` was chosen
to avoid confusion with a system library :file:`spam.dll` to which your module
could be a Python interface.
Now your options are:
#. Copy :file:`example.sln` and :file:`example.vcproj`, rename them to
:file:`spam.\*`, and edit them by hand, or
#. Create a brand new project; instructions are below.
In either case, copy :file:`example_nt\\example.def` to :file:`spam\\spam.def`,
and edit the new :file:`spam.def` so its second line contains the string
'``initspam``'. If you created a new project yourself, add the file
:file:`spam.def` to the project now. (This is an annoying little file with only
two lines. An alternative approach is to forget about the :file:`.def` file,
and add the option :option:`/export:initspam` somewhere to the Link settings, by
manually editing the setting in Project Properties dialog).
#. **Creating a brand new project** --- Use the :menuselection:`File --> New
--> Project` dialog to create a new Project Workspace. Select :guilabel:`Visual
C++ Projects/Win32/ Win32 Project`, enter the name (``spam``), and make sure the
Location is set to parent of the :file:`spam` directory you have created (which
should be a direct subdirectory of the Python build tree, a sibling of
:file:`Include` and :file:`PC`). Select Win32 as the platform (in my version,
this is the only choice). Make sure the Create new workspace radio button is
selected. Click OK.
You should now create the file :file:`spam.def` as instructed in the previous
section. Add the source files to the project, using :menuselection:`Project -->
Add Existing Item`. Set the pattern to ``*.*`` and select both :file:`spam.c`
and :file:`spam.def` and click OK. (Inserting them one by one is fine too.)
Now open the :menuselection:`Project --> spam properties` dialog. You only need
to change a few settings. Make sure :guilabel:`All Configurations` is selected
from the :guilabel:`Settings for:` dropdown list. Select the C/C++ tab. Choose
the General category in the popup menu at the top. Type the following text in
the entry box labeled :guilabel:`Additional Include Directories`::
..\Include,..\PC
Then, choose the General category in the Linker tab, and enter ::
..\PCbuild
in the text box labelled :guilabel:`Additional library Directories`.
Now you need to add some mode-specific settings:
Select :guilabel:`Release` in the :guilabel:`Configuration` dropdown list.
Choose the :guilabel:`Link` tab, choose the :guilabel:`Input` category, and
append ``pythonXY.lib`` to the list in the :guilabel:`Additional Dependencies`
box.
Select :guilabel:`Debug` in the :guilabel:`Configuration` dropdown list, and
append ``pythonXY_d.lib`` to the list in the :guilabel:`Additional Dependencies`
box. Then click the C/C++ tab, select :guilabel:`Code Generation`, and select
:guilabel:`Multi-threaded Debug DLL` from the :guilabel:`Runtime library`
dropdown list.
Select :guilabel:`Release` again from the :guilabel:`Configuration` dropdown
list. Select :guilabel:`Multi-threaded DLL` from the :guilabel:`Runtime
library` dropdown list.
If your module creates a new type, you may have trouble with this line::
PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type, 0)
Static type object initializers in extension modules may cause
compiles to fail with an error message like "initializer not a
constant". This shows up when building DLL under MSVC. Change it to::
PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
and add the following to the module initialization function::
if (PyType_Ready(&MyObject_Type) < 0)
return NULL;
is available in :ref:`distutils-index`. If you find you really need to do
things manually, it may be instructive to study the project file for the
:source:`winsound <PCbuild/winsound.vcxproj>` standard library module.
.. _dynamic-linking:
...
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Misc/NEWS
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3d9a9d47
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@@ -517,6 +517,11 @@ Tools/Demos
-
Issue
#
24031
:
make
patchcheck
now
supports
git
checkouts
,
too
.
Windows
-------
-
Issue
#
25022
:
Removed
very
outdated
PC
/
example_nt
/
directory
.
What
's New in Python 3.4.3?
===========================
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