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Kirill Smelkov
cpython
Commits
8a85ac66
Commit
8a85ac66
authored
Mar 19, 2006
by
Georg Brandl
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Update tutorial wrt PEP 341 try-except-finally statement
parent
c54ae357
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Doc/tut/tut.tex
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8a85ac66
...
...
@@ -3692,19 +3692,49 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
KeyboardInterrupt
\end
{
verbatim
}
A
\emph
{
finally clause
}
is executed whether or not an exception has
occurred in the try clause. When an exception has occurred, it is
re
-
raised after the finally clause is executed. The finally clause is
also executed ``on the way out'' when the
\keyword
{
try
}
statement is
left via a
\keyword
{
break
}
or
\keyword
{
return
}
statement.
The code in the finally clause is useful for releasing external
resources
(
such as files or network connections
)
, regardless of
whether the use of the resource was successful.
A
\keyword
{
try
}
statement must either have one or more except clauses
or one finally clause, but not both
(
because it would be unclear which
clause should be executed first
)
.
A
\emph
{
finally clause
}
is always executed before leaving the
\keyword
{
try
}
statement, whether an exception has occurred or not.
When an exception has occurred in the
\keyword
{
try
}
clause and has not
been handled by an
\keyword
{
except
}
clause
(
or it has occurred in a
\keyword
{
except
}
or
\keyword
{
else
}
clause
)
, it is re
-
raised after the
\keyword
{
finally
}
clause has been executed. The
\keyword
{
finally
}
clause
is also executed ``on the way out'' when any other clause of the
\keyword
{
try
}
statement is left via a
\keyword
{
break
}
,
\keyword
{
continue
}
or
\keyword
{
return
}
statement. A more complicated example:
\begin
{
verbatim
}
>>> def divide
(
x, y
)
:
... try:
... result
=
x
/
y
... except ZeroDivisionError:
... print "division by zero
!
"
... else:
... print "result is", result
... finally:
... print "executing finally clause"
...
>>> divide
(
2
,
1
)
result is
2
executing finally clause
>>> divide
(
2
,
0
)
division by zero
!
executing finally clause
>>> divide
(
"
2
", "
1
"
)
executing finally clause
Traceback
(
most recent call last
)
:
File "<stdin>", line
1
, in ?
File "<stdin>", line
3
, in divide
TypeError: unsupported operand type
(
s
)
for
/
: 'str' and 'str'
\end
{
verbatim
}
As you can see, the
\keyword
{
finally
}
clause is executed in any
event. The
\exception
{
TypeError
}
raised by dividing two strings
is not handled by the
\keyword
{
except
}
clause and therefore
re
-
raised after the
\keyword
{
finally
}
clauses has been executed.
In real world applications, the
\keyword
{
finally
}
clause is useful
for releasing external resources
(
such as files or network connections
)
,
regardless of whether the use of the resource was successful.
\chapter
{
Classes
\label
{
classes
}}
...
...
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