bpo-32758: Warn that compile() can crash when compiling to an AST object (GH-6043) (GH-16566)

(cherry picked from commit f7a6ff6fcab32a53f262ba3f8a072c27afc330d7)
Co-authored-by: Brett Cannon <brettcannon@users.noreply.github.com>

Doc/library/functions.rst

@@ -248,6 +248,12 @@ section.
       character.  This is to facilitate detection of incomplete and complete
       statements in the :mod:`code` module.
 
+   .. warning::
+
+      It is possible to crash the Python interpreter with a
+      sufficiently large/complex string when compiling to an AST
+      object due to stack depth limitations in Python's AST compiler.
+
    .. versionchanged:: 2.3
       The *flags* and *dont_inherit* arguments were added.