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Commit b4ee68c3 authored by Andrew M. Kuchling's avatar Andrew M. Kuchling
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Remove various outdated files. (Leaving find_recursionlimit.py alone, 

   as Neil pointed out it isn't the same as sys.getrecursionlimit)
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What is Python? Executive Summary
----------------------------------
Python is an interpreted, object-oriented, high-level programming
language with dynamic semantics. Its high-level built in data
structures, combined with dynamic typing and dynamic binding, make it
very attractive for rapid application development, as well as for use
as a scripting or glue language to connect existing components
together. Python's simple, easy to learn syntax emphasizes
readability and therefore reduces the cost of program maintenance.
Python supports modules and packages, which encourages program
modularity and code reuse. The Python interpreter and the extensive
standard library are available in source or binary form without charge
for all major platforms, and can be freely distributed.
Often, programmers fall in love with Python because of the increased
productivity it provides. Since there is no compilation step, the
edit-test-debug cycle is incredibly fast. Debugging Python programs is
easy: a bug or bad input will never cause a segmentation fault.
Instead, when the interpreter discovers an error, it raises an
exception. When the program doesn't catch the exception, the
interpreter prints a stack trace. A source level debugger allows
inspection of local and global variables, evaluation of arbitrary
expressions, setting breakpoints, stepping through the code a line at
a time, and so on. The debugger is written in Python itself,
testifying to Python's introspective power. On the other hand, often
the quickest way to debug a program is to add a few print statements
to the source: the fast edit-test-debug cycle makes this simple
approach very effective.
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Newsgroups: comp.lang.perl,comp.lang.tcl
From: lutz@xvt.com (Mark Lutz)
Subject: Python (was Re: Has anyone done a tk addition to perl?)
Organization: XVT Software Inc.
Date: Thu, 14 Oct 1993 17:10:37 GMT
X-Disclaimer: The views expressed in this message are those of an
individual at XVT Software Inc., and do not necessarily
reflect those of the company.
I've gotten a number of requests for information about Python,
since my post here earlier this week. Since this appears to be
of general interest, and since there's no python news group yet,
I'm posting a description here. I'm not the best authority on
the language, but here's my take on it.
[TCL/Perl zealots: this is informational only; I'm not trying to
'convert' anybody, and don't have time for a language war :-)
There is a paper comparing TCL/Perl/Python/Emacs-Lisp, which is
referenced in the comp.lang.misc faq, I beleive.]
What is Python?...
Python is a relatively new very-high-level language developed
in Amsterdam. Python is a simple, procedural language, with
features taken from ABC, Icon, Modula-3, and C/C++.
It's central goal is to provide the best of both worlds:
the dynamic nature of scripting languages like Perl/TCL/REXX,
but also support for general programming found in the more
traditional languages like Icon, C, Modula,...
As such, it can function as a scripting/extension language,
as a rapid prototyping language, and as a serious software
development language. Python is suitable for fast development
of large programs, but also does well at throw-away shell coding.
Python resembles other scripting languages a number of ways:
- dynamic, interpretive, interactive nature
- no explicit compile or link steps needed
- no type declarations (it's dynamically typed)
- high-level operators ('in', concatenation, etc)
- automatic memory allocation/deallocation (no 'pointers')
- high level objects: lists, tuples, strings, associative arrays
- programs can construct and execute program code using strings
- very fast edit/compile/run cycle; no static linking
- well-defined interface to and from C functions and data
- well-defined ways to add C modules to the system and language
Python's features that make it useful for serious programming:
- it's object-oriented; it has a simplified subset of
C++'s 'class' facility, made more useful by python's
dynamic typing; the language is object-oriented from
the ground up (rather than being an add-on, as in C++)
- it supports modules (imported packages, as in Modula-3);
modules replace C's 'include' files and linking, and allow
for multiple-module systems, code sharing, etc.;
- it has a good exception handling system (a 'try' statement,
and a 'raise' statement, with user-defined exceptions);
- it's orthogonal; everything is a first-class object in the
language (functions, modules, classes, class instance methods...)
and can be assigned/passed and used generically;
- it's fairly run-time secure; it does many run-time checks
like index-out-of-bounds, etc., that C usually doesn't;
- it has general data structuring support; Python lists are
heterogeneous, variable length, nestable, support slicing,
concatenation, etc., and come into existance and are reclaimed
automatically; strings and dictionaries are similarly general;
- it's got a symbolic debugger and profiler (written in python,
of course..), and an interactive command-line interface;
as in Lisp, you can enter code and test functions in isolation,
from the interactive command line (even linked C functions);
- it has a large library of built-in modules; it has support
for sockets, regular expressions, posix bindings, etc.
- it supports dynamic loading of C modules on many platforms;
- it has a _readable_ syntax; python code looks like normal
programming languages; tcl and perl can be very unreadable
(IMHO; what was that joke about Perl looking the same after
rot13..); python's syntax is simple, and statement based;
Of course, Python isn't perfect, but it's a good compromise betweem
scripting languages and traditional ones, and so is widely applicable.
'Perfect' languages aren't always useful for real-world tasks (Prolog,
for example), and languages at either extreme are not useful in the other
domain (C is poor for shell coding and prototyping, and awk is useless
for large systems design; Python does both well).
For example, I've used Python successfully for a 4K line expert system
shell project; it would have been at least twice as large in C, and would
have been very difficult in TCL or Perl.
Python uses an indentation-based syntax which may seem unusual at first
to C coders, but after using it I have found it to be _very_ handy, since
there's less to type. [I now forget to type '}' in my C code, and am
busy calculating how much time I wasted typing all those '}', 'END', etc.,
just to pander to 'brain-dead' C/Pascal compilers :-)].
Python's currently at release 0.9.9. It seems suprisingly stable.
The first 'official' 1.0 release is due out by the end of this year.
Python runs on most popular machines/systems (mac, dos, unix, etc.)
It's public domain and distributable, and can be had via ftp. The
distribution includes examples, tutorials, and documentation. The
latest ftp address I have (I got it on a cd-rom):
pub/python/* at ftp.cwi.nl
pub/? at wuarchive.wustl.edu (in america)
There's a python mailing list maintained by the language's creator.
Mail 'python-list-request@cwi.nl' to get on it.
Mark Lutz
lutz@xvt.com
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Announcing Python
Python, a mature, powerful and stable programming language used by
tens of thousands of programmers worldwide, has arrived in full force
at the heart of Windows 95 and Windows NT. Toting the powerful
toolbox which has made it such a sucess on almost every modern
operating system, Python for Windows has embraced the metaphors and
resources of its new home and turned them into powerful tools within
the Python language.
Python's wrapper-around-a-tool metaphor allows it to provide a
well-formed handle for manipulating the technologies which MicroSoft
provides to the programmer. These tools include:
- Office automation and customisation through ActiveX and COM Scripting
- Networking services
- Remote access services
- Performance monitoring
- Registry maintenance
- Database interaction through both ODBC and native database drivers
In addition, Python provides access to the standard
application-building libraries, the MicroSoft Foundation Classes.
Python is a high-level, interpreted, interactive, object-oriented
programming language. It provides the modern features programmer's
expect or desire, modules, exceptions, dynamic typing, high-level
dynamic data types, and classes. It combines remarkable power with
clear syntax, and easy extension.
It is easy to extend Python by adding new, compiled tools to the
language. The compiling of extensions into the language toolbox
mitigates the overhead of interpretation, while the ability to mix
compiled and interpretted code promotes rapid application
development. In addition, it is possible to embed Python itself as a
tool in your applications, an easily understood and readily learned
extension language.
(Should be some sort of bridge between the ideas of extending and the
ideas of already-available tools, but I have to start work soon...)
Python's extensive, portable toolbox, available on Windows, most
Unixes, MacOS, DOS, and OS/2 includes a host of powerful tools which
are now easily available to Windows programmers. These include:
- TCP/IP socket support
- CGI Forms Processing for the World-wide web
- Clients and servers for (among others) the HTTP and FTP protocols
- Powerful text manipulation facilities
- Powerful (optional) numeric and image manipulation facilities
One of the most exciting of Python for Windows' new tools is
COM/ActiveX support. This tool allows Python to act as both server
and client to any COM-capable application or language, a group that
includes MSOffice, CorelDraw, MS Active Server Pages, Netscape
Communicator, MS Internet Explorer, Delphi, Visual Basic and Visual
C++.
Client support allows Python to drive these applications (or
applications written in these languages), automating tasks, importing
or exporting data, customising environments and processing
information. Server support allows Python to be driven in a similar
manner, to provide access to its tools to any application capable of
calling a COM object.
> Python's dynamism, flexibility, object oriented features, and
> ease of use make it a powerful and useful alternative to Java,
> Visual Basic, and compiled languages such as Delphi or C++.
> Simply put Python offers the simplest and most powerful way
> to solve many important programming and system administration
> tasks in the ActiveX/COM environment."
It is, however, Python which is the star of Python for Windows.
Over seven years old, Python has long been a favourite of Web
Masters, Python is a clear, easily learned and understood language
with features that lend themselves to developing rapid, robust,
dynamic solutions. It is being used to solve problems in many large
organisations, notably including ... (insert notes here). It is
enthusiastically supported through public newsgroups and mailing
lists frequented by a large number of Python enthusiasts. Python
arguably provides the best support of any free language available.
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Newsgroups: comp.lang.misc,comp.lang.c,comp.lang.c++,comp.lang.perl,comp.lang.tcl
Followup-to: comp.lang.misc
Subject: Python 1.0.0 is out!
--> Tired of decyphering the Perl code you wrote last week?
--> Frustrated with Bourne shell syntax?
--> Spent too much time staring at core dumps lately?
Maybe you should try Python, the next generation object-oriented
scripting and prototyping language, with a *readable* syntax. Python
has been used by hundreds of happy users all over the world during the
past three years, and is now ready for prime time.
Python is an interpreted language, and has the usual advantages of
such languages, such as run-time checks (e.g. bounds checking),
execution of dynamically generated code, automatic memory allocation,
high level operations on strings, lists and dictionaries (associative
arrays), and a fast edit-compile-run cycle. Additionally, it features
modules, classes, exceptions, and dynamic linking of extensions
written in C or C++. It has arbitrary precision integers.
Python can be run interactively, and there is an extensive Emacs
editing mode which includes the capability to execute regions of code.
For the truly desperate there is a source level debugger (written in
Python, of course :-).
Python comes with a large library of standard modules and classes, as
well as an extensive set of demo programs. It has interfaces to most
Unix system calls and library functions, and there exist extensions
that interface to window systems and graphics libraries like X and
SGI's GL.
Python's source (in C) and documentation (in LaTeX and PostScript) are
freely available on the Internet. It builds without intervention on
most Unix platforms: error-free builds have been confirmed for SGI
IRIX 4 and 5, Sun SunOS 4 and Solaris 2, HP-UX, DEC Ultrix and OSF/1,
IBM AIX, and SCO ODT 3.0. A Macintosh binary is also available -- a
DOS binary is in the works.
If you have a WWW viewer (e.g. Mosaic), you can see all Python
documentation on-line: point your viewer at the URL
http://www.cwi.nl/~guido/Python.html.
The source and documentation are available by anonymous ftp from the
following sites -- please pick the one closest to you:
Site IP address Directory
ftp.cwi.nl 192.16.184.180 /pub/python
gatekeeper.dec.com 16.1.0.2 /pub/plan/python/cwi
ftp.uu.net 192.48.96.9 /languages/python
ftp.fu-berlin.de 130.133.4.50 /pub/unix/languages/python
The file is called python1.0.0.tar.Z (some mirror sites convert it to
a .gz file or split it up in separate parts). See the INDEX file for
other goodies: FAQ, NEWS, PostScript, Emacs info, Mac binary, etc.
(Please don't ask me to mail it to you -- at 1.76 Megabytes it is
unwieldy at least...)
There's a mailing list; write to <python-list@cwi.nl> to subscribe (no
LISTSERV commands please). A FAQ list is regularly posted to
comp.lang.misc. A newsgroup may be created in the near future.
[Excuse the hype -- Python really is a neat language, if I may say so.
Please direct all followups to comp.lang.misc only.]
--Guido van Rossum, CWI, Amsterdam <Guido.van.Rossum@cwi.nl>
URL: <http://www.cwi.nl/cwi/people/Guido.van.Rossum.html>
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Comparing Python to Other Languages
-----------------------------------
These comparisons are a personal view. Comments are requested.
--Guido van Rossum <guido@python.org>
Python is often compared to other interpreted languages such as Java,
JavaScript, Perl, Tcl, or Smalltalk. Comparisons to C++, Common Lisp
and Scheme can also be enlightening. In this section I will briefly
compare Python to each of these languages. These comparisons
concentrate on language issues only. In practice, the choice of a
programming language is often dictated by other real-world constraints
such as cost, availability, training, and prior investment, or even
emotional attachment. Since these aspects are highly variable, it
seems a waste of time to consider them much for this publication.
Java
Python programs are generally expected to run slower than Java
programs, but they also take much less time to develop. Python
programs are typically 3-5 times shorter than equivalent Java
programs. This difference can be attributed to Python's built-in
high-level data types and its dynamic typing. For example, a Python
programmer wastes no time declaring the types of arguments or
variables, and Python's powerful polymorphic list and dictionary
types, for which rich syntactic support is built straight into the
language, find a use in almost every Python program. Because of the
run-time typing, Python's run time must work harder than Java's. For
example, when evaluating the expression a+b, it must first inspect the
objects a and b to find out their type, which is not known at compile
time. It then invokes the appropriate addition operation, which may be
an overloaded user-defined method. Java, on the other hand, can
perform an efficient integer or floating point addition, but requires
variable declarations for a and b, and does not allow overloading of
the + operator for instances of user-defined classes.
For these reasons, Python is much better suited as a "glue" language,
while Java is better characterized as a low-level implementation
language. In fact, the two together make an excellent
combination. Components can be developed in Java and combined to form
applications in Python; Python can also be used to prototype
components until their design can be "hardened" in a Java
implementation. To support this type of development, a Python
implementation written in Java is under development, which allows
calling Python code from Java and vice versa. In this implementation,
Python source code is translated to Java bytecode (with help from a
run-time library to support Python's dynamic semantics).
Javascript
Python's "object-based" subset is roughly equivalent to
JavaScript. Like JavaScript (and unlike Java), Python supports a
programming style that uses simple functions and variables without
engaging in class definitions. However, for JavaScript, that's all
there is. Python, on the other hand, supports writing much larger
programs and better code reuse through a true object-oriented
programming style, where classes and inheritance play an important
role.
Perl
Python and Perl come from a similar background (Unix scripting, which
both have long outgrown), and sport many similar features, but have a
different philosophy. Perl emphasizes support for common
application-oriented tasks, e.g. by having built-in regular
expressions, file scanning and report generating features. Python
emphasizes support for common programming methodologies such as data
structure design and object-oriented programming, and encourages
programmers to write readable (and thus maintainable) code by
providing an elegant but not overly cryptic notation. As a
consequence, Python comes close to Perl but rarely beats it in its
original application domain; however Python has an applicability well
beyond Perl's niche.
Tcl
Like Python, Tcl is usable as an application extension language, as
well as a stand-alone programming language. However, Tcl, which
traditionally stores all data as strings, is weak on data structures,
and executes typical code much slower than Python. Tcl also lacks
features needed for writing large programs, such as modular
namespaces. Thus, while a "typical" large application using Tcl
usually contains Tcl extensions written in C or C++ that are specific
to that application, an equivalent Python application can often be
written in "pure Python". Of course, pure Python development is much
quicker than having to write and debug a C or C++ component. It has
been said that Tcl's one redeeming quality is the Tk toolkit. Python
has adopted an interface to Tk as its standard GUI component library.
Smalltalk
Perhaps the biggest difference between Python and Smalltalk is
Python's more "mainstream" syntax, which gives it a leg up on
programmer training. Like Smalltalk, Python has dynamic typing and
binding, and everything in Python is an object. However, Python
distinguishes built-in object types from user-defined classes, and
currently doesn't allow inheritance from built-in types. Smalltalk's
standard library of collection data types is more refined, while
Python's library has more facilities for dealing with Internet and WWW
realities such as email, HTML and FTP. Python has a different
philosophy regarding the development environment and distribution of
code. Where Smalltalk traditionally has a monolithic "system image"
which comprises both the environment and the user's program, Python
stores both standard modules and user modules in individual files
which can easily be rearranged or distributed outside the system. One
consequence is that there is more than one option for attaching a
Graphical User Interface (GUI) to a Python program, since the GUI is
not built into the system.
C++
Almost everything said for Java also applies for C++, just more so:
where Python code is typically 3-5 times shorter than equivalent Java
code, it is often 5-10 times shorter than equivalent C++ code!
Anecdotal evidence suggests that one Python programmer can finish in
two months what two C++ programmers can't complete in a year. Python
shines as a glue language, used to combine components written in C++.
Common Lisp and Scheme
These languages are close to Python in their dynamic semantics, but so
different in their approach to syntax that a comparison becomes almost
a religious argument: is Lisp's lack of syntax an advantage or a
disadvantage? It should be noted that Python has introspective
capabilities similar to those of Lisp, and Python programs can
construct and execute program fragments on the fly. Usually,
real-world properties are decisive: Common Lisp is big (in every
sense), and the Scheme world is fragmented between many incompatible
versions, where Python has a single, free, compact implementation.
Misc/editline-fix deleted 100644 → 0
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Subject: Problems trying to use readline or editline ...
From: Skip Montanaro <skip@dolphin.automatrix.com>
To: python-list@cwi.nl
Date: 19 Nov 1995 14:19:56 GMT
X-Newsgroups: comp.lang.python
X-Organization: Automatrix, Inc.
I'm having some trouble with either of the line editing libraries available
to me. If I build Python with libreadline, I get "staircases" in my
interpreter output:
>>> s = 1
>>> a = 3
>>> etc.
So I figured I'd give Rich Salz's editline a try. It seems to be missing a
couple readline functions. When I link I get:
myreadline.o: Undefined symbol _rl_insert referenced from text segment
myreadline.o: Undefined symbol _rl_bind_key referenced from text segment
I'm running on BSD/OS 2.0 with GCC 2.6.3 as the compiler. My configure line
was
./configure --with-readline=/home/dolphin/skip/src/editline \
--with-dl-dld=/home/dolphin/skip/src/dl-dld,/home/dolphin/skip/src/dld
For editline I tried several things before arriving at something that does
work ... sort of. First I commented out the tab key binding in Python's
Parser/myreadline.c then had to fiddle with editline.c to get tabs to
insert. The diffs below seem to work, but have no notion of tab stops (I
like 4-char tab stops).
I'd be grateful if anybody had a solution to the readline staircases or a
better solution for making editline work.
*** editline.c~ Tue Nov 15 08:53:01 1994
--- editline.c Sun Nov 19 09:15:16 1995
***************
*** 142,145 ****
--- 142,148 ----
TTYput('?');
}
+ else if (c == '\t') {
+ TTYput('\t');
+ }
else if (ISCTL(c)) {
TTYput('^');
***************
*** 1326,1329 ****
--- 1329,1338 ----
}
+ STATIC STATUS
+ tab()
+ {
+ return insert_char('\t');
+ }
+
STATIC KEYMAP Map[33] = {
{ CTL('@'), ring_bell },
***************
*** 1335,1339 ****
{ CTL('G'), ring_bell },
{ CTL('H'), bk_del_char },
! { CTL('I'), c_complete },
{ CTL('J'), accept_line },
{ CTL('K'), kill_line },
--- 1344,1348 ----
{ CTL('G'), ring_bell },
{ CTL('H'), bk_del_char },
! { CTL('I'), tab },
{ CTL('J'), accept_line },
{ CTL('K'), kill_line },
--
Skip Montanaro skip@automatrix.com (518)372-5583
Musi-Cal: http://www.calendar.com/concerts/ or mailto:concerts@calendar.com
Internet Conference Calendar: http://www.calendar.com/conferences/
>>> ZLDF: http://www.netresponse.com/zldf <<<
Misc/faq2html.py deleted 100755 → 0
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#! /usr/bin/env python
# A somewhat-generalized FAQ-to-HTML converter (by Ka-Ping Yee, 10 Sept 96)
# Reads a text file given on standard input or named as first argument, and
# generates HTML 2.0 on standard output. Recognizes these constructions:
#
# HTML element pattern at the beginning of a line
#
# section heading (<number><period>)+<space>
# numbered list element <1-2 spaces>(<number><period>)+<space>
# unnumbered list element <0-2 spaces><hyphen or asterisk><space>
# preformatted section <more than two spaces>
#
# Heading level is determined by the number of (<number><period>) segments.
# Blank lines force a separation of elements; if none of the above four
# types is indicated, a new paragraph begins. A line beginning with many
# spaces is interpreted as a continuation (instead of preformatted) after
# a list element. Headings are anchored; paragraphs starting with "Q." are
# emphasized, and those marked with "A." get their first sentence emphasized.
#
# Hyperlinks are created from references to:
# URLs, explicitly marked using <URL:scheme://host...>
# other questions, of the form "question <number>(<period><number>)*"
# sections, of the form "section <number>".
import sys, string, regex, regsub, regex_syntax
regex.set_syntax(regex_syntax.RE_SYNTAX_AWK)
# --------------------------------------------------------- regular expressions
orditemprog = regex.compile(' ?([1-9][0-9]*\.)+ +')
itemprog = regex.compile(' ? ?[-*] +')
headingprog = regex.compile('([1-9][0-9]*\.)+ +')
prefmtprog = regex.compile(' ')
blankprog = regex.compile('^[ \t\r\n]$')
questionprog = regex.compile(' *Q\. +')
answerprog = regex.compile(' *A\. +')
sentprog = regex.compile('(([^.:;?!(]|[.:;?!][^ \t\r\n])+[.:;?!]?)')
mailhdrprog = regex.compile('^(Subject|Newsgroups|Followup-To|From|Reply-To'
'|Approved|Archive-Name|Version|Last-Modified): +', regex.casefold)
urlprog = regex.compile('&lt;URL:([^&]+)&gt;')
addrprog = regex.compile('&lt;([^>@:]+@[^&@:]+)&gt;')
qrefprog = regex.compile('question +([1-9](\.[0-9]+)*)')
srefprog = regex.compile('section +([1-9][0-9]*)')
entityprog = regex.compile('[&<>]')
# ------------------------------------------------------------ global variables
body = []
ollev = ullev = 0
element = content = secnum = version = ''
# ----------------------------------------------------- for making nested lists
def dnol():
global body, ollev
ollev = ollev + 1
if body[-1] == '</li>': del body[-1]
body.append('<ol>')
def upol():
global body, ollev
ollev = ollev - 1
body.append(ollev and '</ol></li>' or '</ol>')
# --------------------------------- output one element and convert its contents
def spew(clearol=0, clearul=0):
global content, body, ollev, ullev
if content:
if entityprog.search(content) > -1:
content = regsub.gsub('&', '&amp;', content)
content = regsub.gsub('<', '&lt;', content)
content = regsub.gsub('>', '&gt;', content)
n = questionprog.match(content)
if n > 0:
content = '<em>' + content[n:] + '</em>'
if ollev: # question reference in index
fragid = regsub.gsub('^ +|\.? +$', '', secnum)
content = '<a href="#%s">%s</a>' % (fragid, content)
if element[0] == 'h': # heading in the main text
fragid = regsub.gsub('^ +|\.? +$', '', secnum)
content = secnum + '<a name="%s">%s</a>' % (fragid, content)
n = answerprog.match(content)
if n > 0: # answer paragraph
content = regsub.sub(sentprog, '<strong>\\1</strong>', content[n:])
body.append('<' + element + '>' + content)
body.append('</' + element + '>')
content = ''
while clearol and ollev: upol()
if clearul and ullev: body.append('</ul>'); ullev = 0
# ---------------------------------------------------------------- main program
faq = len(sys.argv)>1 and sys.argv[1] and open(sys.argv[1]) or sys.stdin
lines = faq.readlines()
for line in lines:
if line[2:9] == '=======': # <hr> will appear *before*
body.append('<hr>') # the underlined heading
continue
n = orditemprog.match(line)
if n > 0: # make ordered list item
spew(0, 'clear ul')
secnum = line[:n]
level = string.count(secnum, '.')
while level > ollev: dnol()
while level < ollev: upol()
element, content = 'li', line[n:]
continue
n = itemprog.match(line)
if n > 0: # make unordered list item
spew('clear ol', 0)
if ullev == 0: body.append('<ul>'); ullev = 1
element, content = 'li', line[n:]
continue
n = headingprog.match(line)
if n > 0: # make heading element
spew('clear ol', 'clear ul')
secnum = line[:n]
sys.stderr.write(line)
element, content = 'h%d' % string.count(secnum, '.'), line[n:]
continue
n = 0
if not secnum: # haven't hit body yet
n = mailhdrprog.match(line)
v = version and -1 or regex.match('Version: ', line)
if v > 0 and not version: version = line[v:]
if n <= 0 and element != 'li': # not pre if after a list item
n = prefmtprog.match(line)
if n > 0: # make preformatted element
if element == 'pre':
content = content + line
else:
spew('clear ol', 'clear ul')
element, content = 'pre', line
continue
if blankprog.match(line) > 0: # force a new element
spew()
element = ''
elif element: # continue current element
content = content + line
else: # no element; make paragraph
spew('clear ol', 'clear ul')
element, content = 'p', line
spew() # output last element
body = string.joinfields(body, '')
body = regsub.gsub(urlprog, '<a href="\\1">\\1</a>', body)
body = regsub.gsub(addrprog, '<a href="mailto:\\1">\\1</a>', body)
body = regsub.gsub(qrefprog, '<a href="#\\1">question \\1</a>', body)
body = regsub.gsub(srefprog, '<a href="#\\1">section \\1</a>', body)
print '<!doctype html public "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"><html>'
print '<head><title>Python Frequently-Asked Questions v' + version
print "</title></head><body>(This file was generated using Ping's"
print '<a href="faq2html.py">faq2html.py</a>.)'
print body + '</body></html>'
Misc/fixfuncptrs.sh deleted 100755 → 0
View file @ 13423f33
prog='
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*tp_dealloc\*/\)$|\1(destructor)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*tp_print\*/\)$|\1(printfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*tp_getattr\*/\)$|\1(getattrfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*tp_setattr\*/\)$|\1(setattrfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*tp_compare\*/\)$|\1(cmpfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*tp_repr\*/\)$|\1(reprfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*tp_hash\*/\)$|\1(hashfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*sq_length\*/\)$|\1(inquiry)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*sq_concat\*/\)$|\1(binaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*sq_repeat\*/\)$|\1(intargfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*sq_item\*/\)$|\1(intargfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*sq_slice\*/\)$|\1(intintargfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*sq_ass_item\*/\)$|\1(intobjargproc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*sq_ass_slice\*/\)$|\1(intintobjargproc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*mp_length\*/\)$|\1(inquiry)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*mp_subscript\*/\)$|\1(binaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*mp_ass_subscript\*/\)$|\1(objobjargproc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_nonzero*\*/\)$|\1(inquiry)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_coerce*\*/\)$|\1(coercion)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_negative*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_positive*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_absolute*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_invert*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_int*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_long*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_float*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_oct*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_hex*\*/\)$|\1(unaryfunc)\2 \3|
s|^\([ ]*\)\([a-z_]*,\)[ ]*\(/\*nb_[a-z]*\*/\)$|\1(binaryfunc)\2 \3|
'
for file
do
sed -e "$prog" $file >$file.new || break
if cmp -s $file $file.new
then
echo $file unchanged; rm $file.new
else
echo $file UPDATED
mv $file $file~
mv $file.new $file
fi
done
Misc/renumber.py deleted 100755 → 0
View file @ 13423f33
#! /usr/bin/env python
# Renumber the Python FAQ
import string
import regex
import sys
import os
FAQ = 'FAQ'
chapterprog = regex.compile('^\([1-9][0-9]*\)\. ')
questionprog = regex.compile('^\([1-9][0-9]*\)\.\([1-9][0-9]*\)\. ')
newquestionprog = regex.compile('^Q\. ')
blankprog = regex.compile('^[ \t]*$')
indentedorblankprog = regex.compile('^\([ \t]+\|[ \t]*$\)')
def main():
print 'Reading lines...'
lines = open(FAQ, 'r').readlines()
print 'Renumbering in memory...'
oldlines = lines[:]
after_blank = 1
chapter = 0
question = 0
chapters = ['\n']
questions = []
for i in range(len(lines)):
line = lines[i]
if after_blank:
n = chapterprog.match(line)
if n >= 0:
chapter = chapter + 1
question = 0
line = `chapter` + '. ' + line[n:]
lines[i] = line
chapters.append(' ' + line)
questions.append('\n')
questions.append(' ' + line)
afterblank = 0
continue
n = questionprog.match(line)
if n < 0: n = newquestionprog.match(line) - 3
if n >= 0:
question = question + 1
number = '%d.%d. '%(chapter, question)
line = number + line[n:]
lines[i] = line
questions.append(' ' + line)
# Add up to 4 continuations of the question
n = len(number)
for j in range(i+1, i+5):
if blankprog.match(lines[j]) >= 0:
break
questions.append(' '*(n+2) + lines[j])
afterblank = 0
continue
afterblank = (blankprog.match(line) >= 0)
print 'Inserting list of chapters...'
chapters.append('\n')
for i in range(len(lines)):
line = lines[i]
if regex.match(
'^This FAQ is divided in the following chapters',
line) >= 0:
i = i+1
while 1:
line = lines[i]
if indentedorblankprog.match(line) < 0:
break
del lines[i]
lines[i:i] = chapters
break
else:
print '*** Can\'t find header for list of chapters'
print '*** Chapters found:'
for line in chapters: print line,
print 'Inserting list of questions...'
questions.append('\n')
for i in range(len(lines)):
line = lines[i]
if regex.match('^Here.s an overview of the questions',
line) >= 0:
i = i+1
while 1:
line = lines[i]
if indentedorblankprog.match(line) < 0:
break
del lines[i]
lines[i:i] = questions
break
else:
print '*** Can\'t find header for list of questions'
print '*** Questions found:'
for line in questions: print line,
if lines == oldlines:
print 'No changes.'
return
print 'Writing new file...'
f = open(FAQ + '.new', 'w')
for line in lines:
f.write(line)
f.close()
print 'Making backup...'
os.rename(FAQ, FAQ + '~')
print 'Moving new file...'
os.rename(FAQ + '.new', FAQ)
print 'Done.'
main()
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