u can be NULL, use XDECREF

CID 983309 (#1 of 1): Resource leak (RESOURCE_LEAK)
leaked_storage: Variable unicode_str going out of scope leaks the storage it points to.

CID 983315: Resource leak (RESOURCE_LEAK)
CID 983316: Resource leak (RESOURCE_LEAK)
CID 983317: Resource leak (RESOURCE_LEAK)

CID 983319 (#1 of 2): Resource leak (RESOURCE_LEAK)
leaked_storage: Variable substring going out of scope leaks the storage it points to.

CID 983320: Resource leak (RESOURCE_LEAK)
CID 983321: Resource leak (RESOURCE_LEAK)
leaked_storage: Variable substring going out of scope leaks the storage it points to.

CID 1028068 (#1 of 1): Resource leak (RESOURCE_LEAK)
leaked_storage: Variable n going out of scope leaks the storage it points to.

CID 1040362 (#1 of 1): Explicit null dereferenced (FORWARD_NULL)
var_deref_op: Dereferencing null pointer _py_decref_tmp.

CID 1040367 (#1 of 1): Resource leak (RESOURCE_LEAK)
leaked_storage: Variable u going out of scope leaks the storage it points to.

CID 1040368 (#1 of 1): Resource leak (RESOURCE_LEAK)
leaked_storage: Variable substring going out of scope leaks the storage it points to.

replacing warnings.formatwarnings and to reverse replacement of
warnings.showwarnings when import is complete and when main function exits.
Add test_warning.py. Vinay Sajip provided capture_warnings function.

If buildbots run before next push, test_logging will (temporarily) fail.

replacing redundant signature in input() docstring with one-line summary.
Original patch by Terrel Shumway.

We ran into this during the sprits at PyCon and this patch has been
sitting on my disk ever since.  This just adds some information to the
error message that we found useful during debugging.  There's no good
way to add a test, since the message only got generated via code
that we had modified for debugging purposes.

applicable.

There were no tests for the encoders module.  encode_base64 worked
because it is the default and so got tested implicitly elsewhere, and
we use encode_7or8bit internally, so that worked, too.  I previously
fixed encode_noop, so this fix means that everythign in the encoders
module now works, hopefully correctly.  Also added an explicit test
for encode_base64.

The new _has_surrogates code was suggested by Serhiy Storchaka.  See
the issue for timings, but it is far faster than any other alternative,
and also removes the load time that we previously incurred from compiling
the complex regex this replaces.

On AIX, the C function mktime() alwaysd sets tm_wday, even on error. So tm_wday
cannot be used as a sentinel to detect an error, we can only check if the
result is (time_t)-1.

(test.regrtest and test.script_helper enable faulthandler module in
subprocesses).

in subprocesses.

time.strtime("%Y") returned "2345" when formatting year 12345.