easy for 2.2 new-style classes, but trickier for classic classes, and
different approaches are needed "depending".  The function will allow
later code to treat all flavors of classes uniformly.

somewhere inside a line, use ndiff so that intraline difference marking
can point out what changed within a line.  I don't remember diff-style
abbreviations either (haven't used it since '94, except to produce
patches), so say the rest in English too.

cStringIO's can participate in the iterator protocol.

Fill the Itype.tp_iter slot with I_getiter()

iterator protocol.

This closes SF bug #463738.

Lib/test/output/test_StringIO is no longer necessary.

Also, added a test of the iterator protocol that's just been added to
StringIO's and cStringIO's.

interpreter is reporting what we expect to see.

- if __getattribute__ exists, it is called first;
  if it doesn't exists, PyObject_GenericGetAttr is called first.
- if the above raises AttributeError, and __getattr__ exists,
  it is called.

information on defining new exceptions.
This closes SF bug #443559.

the source file using "in ?".

Added a description of the bare "raise" statement.

Added more description and examples for user-defined exceptions; this
is part of a response to SF bug #443559.

XXX This should really be a unified diff, but I can't be bothered.

output *and* doctest stuff.  Assuming the doctest stuff comes after the
expected output, this fixes that.

the first difference, let the test run till completion, then gather
all the output and compare it to the expected output using difflib.

XXX Still to do: produce diff output that only shows the sections that
differ; currently it produces ndiff-style output because that's the
easiest to produce with difflib, but this becomes a liability when the
output is voluminous and there are only a few differences.

classes to __getattribute__, to make it crystal-clear that it doesn't
have the same semantics as overriding __getattr__ on classic classes.

This is a halfway checkin -- I'll proceed to add a __getattr__ hook
that works the way it works in classic classes.

of \\.

please let me know and we'll figure out how to fix the test.)

docstrings (using file.closed and file.name as examples).

no backwards compatibility to worry about, so I just pushed the
'closure' struct member to the back -- it's never used in the current
code base (I may eliminate it, but that's more work because the getter
and setter signatures would have to change.)

As examples, I added actual docstrings to the getset attributes of a
few types: file.closed, xxsubtype.spamdict.state.

allows using the tests with unittest.py as a script.  The tests will
still run when run as a script themselves.

compatibility, this required all places where an array of "struct
memberlist" structures was declared that is referenced from a type's
tp_members slot to change the type of the structure to PyMemberDef;
"struct memberlist" is now only used by old code that still calls
PyMember_Get/Set.  The code in PyObject_GenericGetAttr/SetAttr now
calls the new APIs PyMember_GetOne/SetOne, which take a PyMemberDef
argument.

As examples, I added actual docstrings to the attributes of a few
types: file, complex, instance method, super, and xxsubtype.spamlist.

Also converted the symtable to new style getattr.

"new in 2.2" blurb at the end.  Replace open()'s text by pointing back
to file().

Document many more of the PyLong_{As,From}*() functions.

char *.

elements which are not Unicode objects or strings. (This matches
the string.join() behaviour.)

Fix a memory leak in the .join() method which occurs in case
the Unicode resize fails.

Restore the test_unicode output.

library.

Update README.

we can't trust that tp_basicsize is aligned.  Fixes SF bug #462848.

works just like str(obj) in that it tries __str__/tp_str on the object
in case it finds that the object is not a string or buffer.