* Add math.isqrt function computing the integer square root.

* Code cleanup: remove redundant comments, rename some variables.

* Tighten up code a bit more; use Py_XDECREF to simplify error handling.

* Update Modules/mathmodule.c
Co-Authored-By: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* Update Modules/mathmodule.c

Use real argument clinic type instead of an alias
Co-Authored-By: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* Add proof sketch

* Updates from review.

* Correct and expand documentation.

* Fix bad reference handling on error; make some variables block-local; other tidying.

* Style and consistency fixes.

* Add missing error check; don't try to DECREF a NULL a

* Simplify some error returns.

* Another two test cases:

- clarify that floats are rejected even if they happen to be
  squares of small integers
- TypeError beats ValueError for a negative float

* Add fast path for small inputs. Needs tests.

* Speed up isqrt for n >= 2**64 as well; add extra tests.

* Reduce number of test-cases to avoid dominating the run-time of test_math.

* Don't perform unnecessary extra iterations when computing c_bit_length.

* Abstract common uint64_t code out into a separate function.

* Cleanup.

* Add a missing Py_DECREF in an error branch. More cleanup.

* Update Modules/mathmodule.c

Add missing `static` declaration to helper function.
Co-Authored-By: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* Add missing backtick.

Add a missing comma.

This makes the parser consistent with the tokenize module (already the case
in `pypy`).

sample
------

```python
x = 5\
```

before
------

```console
$ python3 t.py
$ python3 -mtokenize t.py
t.py:2:0: error: EOF in multi-line statement
```

after
-----

```console
$ ./python t.py
  File "t.py", line 3
    x = 5\

         ^
SyntaxError: unexpected EOF while parsing
$ ./python -m tokenize t.py
t.py:2:0: error: EOF in multi-line statement
```



https://bugs.python.org/issue2180

* Add math.isqrt function computing the integer square root.

* Code cleanup: remove redundant comments, rename some variables.

* Tighten up code a bit more; use Py_XDECREF to simplify error handling.

* Update Modules/mathmodule.c
Co-Authored-By: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* Update Modules/mathmodule.c

Use real argument clinic type instead of an alias
Co-Authored-By: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>

* Add proof sketch

* Updates from review.

* Correct and expand documentation.

* Fix bad reference handling on error; make some variables block-local; other tidying.

* Style and consistency fixes.

* Add missing error check; don't try to DECREF a NULL a

* Simplify some error returns.

* Another two test cases:

- clarify that floats are rejected even if they happen to be
  squares of small integers
- TypeError beats ValueError for a negative float

* Documentation and markup improvements; thanks Serhiy for the suggestions!

* Cleaner Misc/NEWS entry wording.

* Clean up (with one fix) to the algorithm explanation and proof.

_PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig() and _PyCoreConfig_InitPythonConfig()
no longer inherit their values from global configuration variables.

Changes:

* _PyPreCmdline_Read() now ignores -X dev and PYTHONDEVMODE
  if dev_mode is already set.
* Inline _PyPreConfig_INIT macro into _PyPreConfig_Init() function.
* Inline _PyCoreConfig_INIT macro into _PyCoreConfig_Init() function.
* Replace _PyCoreConfig_Init() with _PyCoreConfig_InitPythonConfig()
  in most tests of _testembed.c.
* Replace _PyCoreConfig_Init() with _PyCoreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig()
  in _freeze_importlib.c.
* Move some initialization functions from the internal
  to the private API.

* The type of initlization function 'argc' parameters becomes
  Py_ssize_t, instead of int.
* Change _PyPreConfig_Copy() return type to void, instead of int.
  The function cannot fail anymore.
* Fix compilation warnings on Windows.

* Add _PyInitError functions:

  * _PyInitError_Ok()
  * _PyInitError_Error()
  * _PyInitError_NoMemory()
  * _PyInitError_Exit()
  * _PyInitError_IsError()
  * _PyInitError_IsExit()
  * _PyInitError_Failed()

* frozenmain.c and _testembed.c now use functions rather than macros.
* Move _Py_INIT_xxx() macros to the internal API.
* Move _PyWstrList_INIT macro to the internal API.

Py_Main() and _Py_RunMain() now return the exitcode rather than
calling Py_Exit(exitcode) when calling PyErr_Print() if the current
exception type is SystemExit.

* Add _Py_HandleSystemExit().
* Add pymain_exit_err_print().
* Add pymain_exit_print().

_PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig() sets configure_locale to 0 to
prevent Python to modify the LC_CTYPE locale. In that case,
coerce_c_locale an coerce_c_locale_warn are set to 0 as well.

bpo-36782: Created C API wrappers and added missing tests for functions in the PyDateTimeAPI. (#13088)

* created a c API wrapper for pyDate_FromDate and added the test

* 📜🤖 Added by blurb_it.

* fixed auto-alignment by vscode

* made changes as per PEP7

* Update 2019-05-04-21-25-19.bpo-36782.h3oPIb.rst

* Refactored code as per requested changes

* Remove Whitespace to Fix failed travis build

* Update 2019-05-04-21-25-19.bpo-36782.h3oPIb.rst

* Add a new line at end of ACKS

* Added C API function for PyDateTime_FromDateAndTime

* Added a test for the C API wrapper of PyDateTime_FromDateAndTime

* Added C API function for PyDateTime_FromDateAndTime

* Added a test for the C API wrapper of PyDateTime_FromDateAndTimeAndFold

* Remove Whitespace using patchcheck

* Added a C API function for PyTime_FromTime

* Added a test for the C API wrapper of PyTime_FromTime

* Added a C API function for PyTime_FromTimeAndFold

* Added a test for the C API wrapper of PyTime_FromTimeAndFold

* Added a C API function for PyDelta_FromDSU

* Added a test for the C API wrapper of PyDelta_FromDSU

* Refactor code, re-edit lines longer than 80 chars

* Fix Whitespace issues in DatetimeTester

* List all tests that were added in this PR

* Update 2019-05-04-21-25-19.bpo-36782.h3oPIb.rst

* Reformat code as per PEP7 guidelines

* Remove unused varibles from another function

* Added specific tests for the Fold Attribute

* Update 2019-05-04-21-25-19.bpo-36782.h3oPIb.rst

* Reformat code according to requested changes

* Reformat code to PEP7 Guidelines

* Reformat code to PEP7 Guidelines

* Re-add name to blurb

* Added a backtick to blurb file

* Update 2019-05-04-21-25-19.bpo-36782.h3oPIb.rst

* Remove the need to initialize mandatory parameters

* Make the macro parameter mandatory

* Re-arrange the order of unit-test args

* Removed the need to initialize macro

change all the int macro = 0 to int macro; now that macro is required
Co-Authored-By: Paul Ganssle <pganssle@users.noreply.github.com>

* Removed the need to initialize macro

change all the `int macro = 0` to `int macro`; now that macro is required
Co-Authored-By: Paul Ganssle <pganssle@users.noreply.github.com>

* Removed the need to initialize macro

change all the `int macro = 0` to `int macro`; now that macro is required
Co-Authored-By: Paul Ganssle <pganssle@users.noreply.github.com>

* Removed the need to initialize macro

change all the `int macro = 0` to `int macro`; now that macro is required
Co-Authored-By: Paul Ganssle <pganssle@users.noreply.github.com>

* Removed the need to initialize macro

change all the `int macro = 0` to `int macro`; now that macro is required
Co-Authored-By: Paul Ganssle <pganssle@users.noreply.github.com>

* Removed the need to initialize macro

change all the `int macro = 0` to `int macro`; now that macro is required
Co-Authored-By: Paul Ganssle <pganssle@users.noreply.github.com>

and there are non-ascii characters in the header.

Avoid weak sync primitive in multiprocessing resource_tracker test.

Add new functions to get the Python interpreter behavior:

* _PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig()
* _PyCoreConfig_InitPythonConfig()

Add new functions to get an isolated configuration:

* _PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig()
* _PyCoreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig()

Replace _PyPreConfig_INIT and _PyCoreConfig_INIT with new functions
_PyPreConfig_Init() and _PyCoreConfig_Init().

_PyCoreConfig: set configure_c_stdio and parse_argv to 0 by default
to behave as Python 3.6 in the default configuration.

_PyCoreConfig_Read() no longer sets coerce_c_locale_warn to 1 if it's
equal to 0. coerce_c_locale_warn must now be set to -1 (ex: using
_PyCoreConfig_InitPythonConfig()) to enable C locale coercion
warning.

Add unit tests for _PyCoreConfig_InitPythonConfig()
and _PyCoreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig().

Changes:

* Rename _PyCoreConfig_GetCoreConfig() to _PyPreConfig_GetCoreConfig()
* Fix core_read_precmdline(): handle parse_argv=0
* Fix _Py_PreInitializeFromCoreConfig(): pass coreconfig.argv
  to _Py_PreInitializeFromPyArgv(), except if parse_argv=0

* Add PyMemAllocatorName enum
* _PyPreConfig.allocator type becomes PyMemAllocatorName, instead of
  char*
* Remove _PyPreConfig_Clear()
* Add _PyMem_GetAllocatorName()
* Rename _PyMem_GetAllocatorsName() to
  _PyMem_GetCurrentAllocatorName()
* Remove _PyPreConfig_SetAllocator(): just call
  _PyMem_SetupAllocators() directly, we don't have do reallocate the
  configuration with the new allocator anymore!
* _PyPreConfig_Write() parameter becomes const, as it should be in
  the first place!

Instead of maintaining the same doc string two times, let's copy common
doc strings from SSLObject methods and properties to SSLSocket.
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <christian@python.org>

Move the check for dead conditionals (if 0) to the peephole optimizer
and make sure that the code block is still compiled to report any
existing syntax errors within.

Makes the documentation of math and cmath module
more helpful for the beginners.

highlightlang is deprecated since April 2018 in Sphinx.
See https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/pull/4845

Use _PyCoreConfig.program_name instead.