As mentioned in the bpo ticket, this mistake came up on two reviews:
- https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/16127#pullrequestreview-288312751
- https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/16071#pullrequestreview-287819525

Would be nice to have it documented in a more permanent place than 3.8's whatsnew entry.


https://bugs.python.org/issue38206



Automerge-Triggered-By: @encukou

Check presence of SSLContext.minimum_version to make tests pass with
old versions of OpenSSL.
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <christian@python.org>

test_ssl now handles disabled TLS/SSL versions better. OpenSSL's crypto
policy and run-time settings are recognized and tests for disabled versions
are skipped.
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <christian@python.org>



https://bugs.python.org/issue38275

* Py_InitializeFromConfig() now writes PyConfig path configuration to
  the global path configuration (_Py_path_config).
* Add test_embed.test_get_pathconfig().
* Fix typo in _PyWideStringList_Join().

Apparently, the path needs to be limited to 260 characters on
(some versions of) Windows.

* Group tests for specific functions and groups of related functions
into separate classes.
* Clean up creating and cleaning up temporary directories.
* Simplify and make more robust monkey patching of shutil.open.

This avoids the buildbot failure on Windows:
```
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 206] The filename or extension is too long: 'd:\\temp\\tmp5r3z438t\\long\\1\\2\\3\\4\\5\\6\\7\\8\\9\\10\\11\\12\\13\\14\\15\\16\\17\\18\\19\\20\\21\\22\\23\\24\\25\\26\\27\\28\\29\\30\\31\\32\\33\\34\\35\\36\\37\\38\\39\\40\\41\\42\\43\\44\\45\\46\\47\\48\\49\\50\\51\\52\\53\\54\\55\\56\\57\\58\\59\\60\\61\\62\\63\\64\\65\\66\\67\\68\\69\\70\\71\\72\\73\\74\\75\\76\\77\\78'
```
Creates a path that's long but avoids OS restrictions.

https://bugs.python.org/issue38112

Co-Authored-By: Ashwin Ramaswami <aramaswamis@gmail.com>

* Raise the limit of maximum path depth to actual  recursion limit

* Add posibilities to adjust a path compiled in .pyc  file.

Now, you can:
- Strip a part of path from a beggining of path into compiled file
   example "-s /test /test/build/real/test.py" → "build/real/test.py"
- Append some new path to a beggining of path into compiled file
   example "-p /boo real/test.py" → "/boo/real/test.py"

You can also use both options in the same time. In that case,
striping is done before appending.

* Add a possibility to specify multiple optimization levels

Each optimization level then leads to separated compiled file.
Use `action='append'` instead of `nargs='+'` for the -o option.
Instead of `-o 0 1 2`, specify `-o 0 -o 1 -o 2`. It's more to type,
but much more explicit.

* Add a symlinks limitation feature

This feature allows us to limit byte-compilation of symbolic
links if they are pointing outside specified dir (build root
for example).

Fixes CVE-2019-15903. See full changelog at https://github.com/libexpat/libexpat/blob/R_2_2_8/expat/Changes.

Explicitly preinitializes with a Python preconfiguration to avoid
Py_SetPath() implicit preinitialization with a compat
preconfiguration.

Fix also test_init_setpath() and test_init_setpythonhome() on macOS:
use self.test_exe as the executable (and base_executable), rather
than shutil.which('python3').

* Add test_embed.test_init_setpath_config(): test Py_SetPath()
  with PyConfig.
* test_init_setpath() and test_init_setpythonhome() no longer call
  Py_SetProgramName(), but use the default program name.
* _PyPathConfig: isolated, site_import  and base_executable
  fields are now only available on Windows.
* If executable is set explicitly in the configuration, ignore
  calculated base_executable: _PyConfig_InitPathConfig() copies
  executable to base_executable.
* Complete path config documentation.

* Updated _hashopenssl.c to be PEP 384 compliant
* Remove refleak test from test_hashlib. The updated type no longer accepts random arguments to __init__.

The private keys for test_ssl were encrypted with 3DES in traditional
PKCS#5 format. 3DES and the digest algorithm of PKCS#5 are blocked by
some strict crypto policies. Use PKCS#8 format with AES256 encryption
instead.
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <christian@python.org>



https://bugs.python.org/issue38271



Automerge-Triggered-By: @tiran

Make negative interpreter id to raise ValueError instead of RuntimeError.

Improvement suggested by Géry Ogam.

bpo-38234: On macOS and FreeBSD, the temporary directory can be
symbolic link. For example, /tmp can be a symbolic link to /var/tmp.
Call realpath() to resolve all symbolic links.

Make it easier to run and test Python on systems with restrict crypto policies:

* add requires_hashdigest to test.support to check if a hash digest algorithm is available and working
* avoid MD5 in test_hmac
* replace MD5 with SHA256 in test_tarfile
* mark network tests that require MD5 for MD5-based digest auth or CRAM-MD5


https://bugs.python.org/issue38270

* subprocess.Popen now longer uses posix_spawn() if uid, gid or gids are set.
* test_subprocess: add "nobody" and "nfsnobody" group names for test_group().
* test_subprocess: test_user() and test_group() are now also tested with close_fds=False.

Add option -a to Tools/Scripts/pathfix.py script: add flags.

bpo-38140: Document offsets in PyMemberDef
Co-Authored-By: Ammar Askar <ammar_askar@hotmail.com>

Add docs about return and raise exception on asyncio.run





https://bugs.python.org/issue38260



Automerge-Triggered-By: @asvetlov

* search_for_prefix() directly calls reduce() if found is greater
  than 0.
* Add calculate_pybuilddir() subfunction.
* search_for_prefix(): add path string buffer for readability.
* Fix some error handling code paths: release resources on error.
* calculate_read_pyenv(): rename tmpbuffer to filename.
* test.pythoninfo now also logs windows.dll_path

Add test_init_pybuilddir() and test_init_pyvenv_cfg() to test_embed
to test pyvenv.cfg and pybuilddir.txt configuration files.

Fix sysconfig._generate_posix_vars(): pybuilddir.txt uses UTF-8
encoding, not ASCII.

Fixes an issue caught after merge of PR 16005.

Tightened test assertions to check the entire assertion message.