This makes things 54% faster. In fact, the monitor tracer is now faster than a trivial tracer implemented in python (settrace(lambda e, a: None)).

+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
| Benchmark         | 37_bench_tracer | 37_bench_tracer_cython_opt3 |
+===================+=================+=============================+
| monitor tracer    | 1.62 us         | 739 ns: 2.20x faster (-54%) |
+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
| max switch tracer | 3.06 us         | 874 ns: 3.50x faster (-71%) |
+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+
| hub switch tracer | 2.16 us         | 815 ns: 2.66x faster (-62%) |
+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+

Not significant (2): no tracer; trivial tracer