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Kirill Smelkov
gitlab-ce
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b312edaf
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b312edaf
authored
Dec 08, 2015
by
Achilleas Pipinellis
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More clean up to the CI example on how to use docker images [ci skip]
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doc/ci/docker/using_docker_images.md
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b312edaf
# Using Docker Images
# Using Docker Images
GitLab CI can use
[
Docker Engine
](
https://www.docker.com/
)
to build projects.
GitLab CI in conjuction with
[
GitLab Runner
](
../runners/README.md
)
can use
[
Docker Engine
](
https://www.docker.com/
)
to test and build any application.
Docker is an open-source project that allows
to use predefined images to run
Docker is an open-source project that allows
you to use predefined images to
applications in independent "containers" that are run within a single Linux
run
applications in independent "containers" that are run within a single Linux
instance.
[
Docker Hub
][
hub
]
has a rich database of prebuilt images that can be
instance.
[
Docker Hub
][
hub
]
has a rich database of prebuilt images that can be
used to test and build your applications.
used to test and build your applications.
Docker, when used with GitLab CI, runs each build in a separate and isolated
Docker, when used with GitLab CI, runs each build in a separate and isolated
container using the predefined image that is set up in
`.gitlab-ci.yml`
. The
container using the predefined image that is set up in
container is always euphemeral which means you get only one container per build
.
[
`.gitlab-ci.yml`
](
../yaml/README.md
)
.
This makes it easier to have a simple and reproducible build environment that
This makes it easier to have a simple and reproducible build environment that
can also run on your workstation. The added benefit is that you can test all
can also run on your workstation. The added benefit is that you can test all
the commands that we will explore later from your shell, rather than having to
the commands that we will explore later from your shell, rather than having to
test them on a CI server.
test them on a
dedicated
CI server.
##
#
Register docker runner
## Register docker runner
To use GitLab Runner with docker you need to register a new runner to use the
To use GitLab Runner with docker you need to register a new runner to use the
`docker`
executor:
`docker`
executor:
```
bash
```
bash
gitlab-
ci-multi-
runner register
\
gitlab-runner register
\
--url
"https://gitlab.com/"
\
--url
"https://gitlab.com/"
\
--registration-token
"PROJECT_REGISTRATION_TOKEN"
\
--registration-token
"PROJECT_REGISTRATION_TOKEN"
\
--description
"docker-ruby-2.1"
\
--description
"docker-ruby-2.1"
\
...
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ The registered runner will use the `ruby:2.1` docker image and will run two
...
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ The registered runner will use the `ruby:2.1` docker image and will run two
services,
`postgres:latest`
and
`mysql:latest`
, both of which will be
services,
`postgres:latest`
and
`mysql:latest`
, both of which will be
accessible during the build process.
accessible during the build process.
##
#
What is image
## What is image
The
`image`
keyword is the name of the docker image that is present in the
The
`image`
keyword is the name of the docker image that is present in the
local Docker Engine (list all images with
`docker images`
) or any image that
local Docker Engine (list all images with
`docker images`
) or any image that
...
@@ -46,9 +47,9 @@ Hub please read the [Docker Fundamentals][] documentation.
...
@@ -46,9 +47,9 @@ Hub please read the [Docker Fundamentals][] documentation.
In short, with
`image`
we refer to the docker image, which will be used to
In short, with
`image`
we refer to the docker image, which will be used to
create a container on which your build will run.
create a container on which your build will run.
##
#
What is service
## What is service
The
`service`
keyword defines just another docker image that is run during
The
`service
s
`
keyword defines just another docker image that is run during
your build and is linked to the docker image that the
`image`
keyword defines.
your build and is linked to the docker image that the
`image`
keyword defines.
This allows you to access the service image during build time.
This allows you to access the service image during build time.
...
@@ -57,9 +58,12 @@ run a database container, eg. `mysql`. It's easier and faster to use an
...
@@ -57,9 +58,12 @@ run a database container, eg. `mysql`. It's easier and faster to use an
existing image and run it as an additional container than install
`mysql`
every
existing image and run it as an additional container than install
`mysql`
every
time the project is built.
time the project is built.
#### How is service linked to the build
You can see some widely used services examples in the relevant documentation of
[
CI services examples
](
../services/README.md
)
.
To better undestand how the container linking works, read
### How is service linked to the build
To better understand how the container linking works, read
[
Linking containers together
](
https://docs.docker.com/userguide/dockerlinks/
)
.
[
Linking containers together
](
https://docs.docker.com/userguide/dockerlinks/
)
.
To summarize, if you add
`mysql`
as service to your application, the image will
To summarize, if you add
`mysql`
as service to your application, the image will
...
@@ -69,25 +73,27 @@ The service container for MySQL will be accessible under the hostname `mysql`.
...
@@ -69,25 +73,27 @@ The service container for MySQL will be accessible under the hostname `mysql`.
So, in order to access your database service you have to connect to the host
So, in order to access your database service you have to connect to the host
named
`mysql`
instead of a socket or
`localhost`
.
named
`mysql`
instead of a socket or
`localhost`
.
##
#
Overwrite image and services
## Overwrite image and services
See
the section below
.
See
[
How to use other images as services
](
#how-to-use-other-images-as-services
)
.
##
#
How to use other images as services
## How to use other images as services
You are not limited to have only database services. You can add as many
You are not limited to have only database services. You can add as many
services you need to
`.gitlab-ci.yml`
or manually modify
`config.toml`
.
services you need to
`.gitlab-ci.yml`
or manually modify
`config.toml`
.
Any image found at
[
Docker Hub
][
hub
]
can be used as a service.
Any image found at
[
Docker Hub
][
hub
]
can be used as a service.
##
#
Define image and services from `.gitlab-ci.yml`
## Define image and services from `.gitlab-ci.yml`
You can simply define an image that will be used for all jobs and a list of
You can simply define an image that will be used for all jobs and a list of
services that you want to use during build time.
services that you want to use during build time.
```
yaml
```
yaml
image
:
ruby:2.2
image
:
ruby:2.2
services
:
services
:
-
postgres:9.3
-
postgres:9.3
before_script
:
before_script
:
-
bundle install
-
bundle install
...
@@ -117,24 +123,20 @@ test:2.2:
...
@@ -117,24 +123,20 @@ test:2.2:
-
bundle exec rake spec
-
bundle exec rake spec
```
```
##
#
Define image and services in `config.toml`
## Define image and services in `config.toml`
Look for the
`[runners.docker]`
section:
Look for the
`[runners.docker]`
section:
```
```
...
[runners.docker]
[runners.docker]
image = "ruby:2.1"
image = "ruby:2.1"
services = ["mysql:latest", "postgres:latest"]
services = ["mysql:latest", "postgres:latest"]
...
```
```
The image and services defined this way will be added to all builds run by
The image and services defined this way will be added to all builds run by
that runner.
that runner.
##
#
Accessing the services
## Accessing the services
Let's say that you need a Wordpress instance to test some API integration with
Let's say that you need a Wordpress instance to test some API integration with
your application.
your application.
...
@@ -143,12 +145,8 @@ You can then use for example the [tutum/wordpress][] image in your
...
@@ -143,12 +145,8 @@ You can then use for example the [tutum/wordpress][] image in your
`.gitlab-ci.yml`
:
`.gitlab-ci.yml`
:
```
yaml
```
yaml
...
services
:
services
:
-
tutum/wordpress:latest
-
tutum/wordpress:latest
...
```
```
When the build is run,
`tutum/wordpress`
will be started and you will have
When the build is run,
`tutum/wordpress`
will be started and you will have
...
@@ -160,7 +158,7 @@ rules:
...
@@ -160,7 +158,7 @@ rules:
1.
Everything after
`:`
is stripped
1.
Everything after
`:`
is stripped
2.
Backslash (
`/`
) is replaced with double underscores (
`__`
)
2.
Backslash (
`/`
) is replaced with double underscores (
`__`
)
##
#
Configuring services
## Configuring services
Many services accept environment variables which allow you to easily change
Many services accept environment variables which allow you to easily change
database names or set account names depending on the environment.
database names or set account names depending on the environment.
...
@@ -171,46 +169,20 @@ service containers.
...
@@ -171,46 +169,20 @@ service containers.
For all possible configuration variables check the documentation of each image
For all possible configuration variables check the documentation of each image
provided in their corresponding Docker hub page.
provided in their corresponding Docker hub page.
*
Note: All variables will be passed to all service containers. It's not designed
*
Note: All variables will be passed to all services containers. It's not
to distinguish which variable should go where.
*
designed to distinguish which variable should go where.
*
#### PostgreSQL service example
To configure the database name for
[
postgres
][
postgres-hub
]
service, you need
to set the
`POSTGRES_DB`
variable:
```
yaml
...
services
:
-
postgres
variables
:
POSTGRES_DB
:
gitlab
...
### PostgreSQL service example
```
For a real example visit
<https://gitlab.com/gitlab-examples/postgres>
.
#### MySQL service example
See the specific documentation for
[
using PostgreSQL as a service
](
../services/postgres.md
)
.
To use the
[
mysql
][
mysql-hub
]
service with an empty password during the time of
### MySQL service example
build, you need to set the
`MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD`
variable:
```
yaml
See the specific documentation for
...
[
using MySQL as a service
](
../services/mysql.md
)
.
services
:
-
mysql
variables
:
MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD
:
"
yes"
...
```
##
#
How Docker integration works
## How Docker integration works
Below is a high level overview of the steps performed by docker during build
Below is a high level overview of the steps performed by docker during build
time.
time.
...
@@ -226,7 +198,7 @@ time.
...
@@ -226,7 +198,7 @@ time.
1.
Check exit status of build script.
1.
Check exit status of build script.
1.
Remove build container and all created service containers.
1.
Remove build container and all created service containers.
##
#
How to debug a build locally
## How to debug a build locally
*
Note: The following commands are run without root privileges. You should be
*
Note: The following commands are run without root privileges. You should be
able to run docker with your regular user account.
*
able to run docker with your regular user account.
*
...
...
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