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We lazily map the bitmap and spans areas as the heap grows. However,
right now we're very slightly too lazy. Specifically, the following
can happen on 32-bit:

1. mallocinit fails to allocate any heap arena, so
   arena_used == arena_alloc == arena_end == bitmap.

2. There's less than 256MB between the end of the bitmap mapping and
   the next mapping.

3. On the first allocation, mheap.sysAlloc sees that there's not
   enough room in [arena_alloc, arena_end) because there's no room at
   all. It gets a 256MB mapping from somewhere *lower* in the address
   space than arena_used and sets arena_alloc and arena_end to this
   hole.

4. Since the new arena_alloc is lower than arena_used, mheap.sysAlloc
   doesn't bother to call mheap.setArenaUsed, so we still don't have a
   bitmap mapping or a spans array mapping.

5. mheap.grow, which called mheap.sysAlloc, attempts to fill in the
   spans array and crashes.

Fix this by mapping the metadata regions for the initial arena_used
when the heap is initialized, rather than trying to wait for an
allocation. This maintains the intended invariant that the structures
are always mapped for [arena_start, arena_used).

Fixes #21044.

Cherry-pick of CL 51714. Fixes #21234.

Change-Id: I4422375a6e234b9f979d22135fc63ae3395946b0
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/52191


Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>