• Davidlohr Bueso's avatar
    lib/int_sqrt.c: optimize square root algorithm · 30493cc9
    Davidlohr Bueso authored
    Optimize the current version of the shift-and-subtract (hardware)
    algorithm, described by John von Newmann[1] and Guy L Steele.
    
    Iterating 1,000,000 times, perf shows for the current version:
    
     Performance counter stats for './sqrt-curr' (10 runs):
    
             27.170996 task-clock                #    0.979 CPUs utilized            ( +-  3.19% )
                     3 context-switches          #    0.103 K/sec                    ( +-  4.76% )
                     0 cpu-migrations            #    0.004 K/sec                    ( +-100.00% )
                   104 page-faults               #    0.004 M/sec                    ( +-  0.16% )
            64,921,199 cycles                    #    2.389 GHz                      ( +-  0.03% )
            28,967,789 stalled-cycles-frontend   #   44.62% frontend cycles idle     ( +-  0.18% )
       <not supported> stalled-cycles-backend
           104,502,623 instructions              #    1.61  insns per cycle
                                                 #    0.28  stalled cycles per insn  ( +-  0.00% )
            34,088,368 branches                  # 1254.587 M/sec                    ( +-  0.00% )
                 4,901 branch-misses             #    0.01% of all branches          ( +-  1.32% )
    
           0.027763015 seconds time elapsed                                          ( +-  3.22% )
    
    And for the new version:
    
    Performance counter stats for './sqrt-new' (10 runs):
    
              0.496869 task-clock                #    0.519 CPUs utilized            ( +-  2.38% )
                     0 context-switches          #    0.000 K/sec
                     0 cpu-migrations            #    0.403 K/sec                    ( +-100.00% )
                   104 page-faults               #    0.209 M/sec                    ( +-  0.15% )
               590,760 cycles                    #    1.189 GHz                      ( +-  2.35% )
               395,053 stalled-cycles-frontend   #   66.87% frontend cycles idle     ( +-  3.67% )
       <not supported> stalled-cycles-backend
               398,963 instructions              #    0.68  insns per cycle
                                                 #    0.99  stalled cycles per insn  ( +-  0.39% )
                70,228 branches                  #  141.341 M/sec                    ( +-  0.36% )
                 3,364 branch-misses             #    4.79% of all branches          ( +-  5.45% )
    
           0.000957440 seconds time elapsed                                          ( +-  2.42% )
    
    Furthermore, this saves space in instruction text:
    
       text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
        111       0       0     111      6f lib/int_sqrt-baseline.o
         89       0       0      89      59 lib/int_sqrt.o
    
    [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Draft_of_a_Report_on_the_EDVACSigned-off-by: default avatarDavidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@hp.com>
    Reviewed-by: default avatarJonathan Gonzalez <jgonzlez@linets.cl>
    Tested-by: default avatarJonathan Gonzalez <jgonzlez@linets.cl>
    Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
    Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
    30493cc9
int_sqrt.c 652 Bytes