Reclaim during quotacheck can lead to deadlocks on the dquot flush
lock:

 - Quotacheck populates a local delwri queue with the physical dquot
   buffers.
 - Quotacheck performs the xfs_qm_dqusage_adjust() bulkstat and
   dirties all of the dquots.
 - Reclaim kicks in and attempts to flush a dquot whose buffer is
   already queud on the quotacheck queue. The flush succeeds but
   queueing to the reclaim delwri queue fails as the backing buffer is
   already queued. The flush unlock is now deferred to I/O completion
   of the buffer from the quotacheck queue.
 - The dqadjust bulkstat continues and dirties the recently flushed
   dquot once again.
 - Quotacheck proceeds to the xfs_qm_flush_one() walk which requires
   the flush lock to update the backing buffers with the in-core
   recalculated values. It deadlocks on the redirtied dquot as the
   flush lock was already acquired by reclaim, but the buffer resides
   on the local delwri queue which isn't submitted until the end of
   quotacheck.

This is reproduced by running quotacheck on a filesystem with a
couple million inodes in low memory (512MB-1GB) situations. This is
a regression as of commit 43ff2122 ("xfs: on-stack delayed write
buffer lists"), which removed a trylock and buffer I/O submission
from the quotacheck dquot flush sequence.

Quotacheck first resets and collects the physical dquot buffers in a
delwri queue. Then, it traverses the filesystem inodes via bulkstat,
updates the in-core dquots, flushes the corrected dquots to the
backing buffers and finally submits the delwri queue for I/O. Since
the backing buffers are queued across the entire quotacheck
operation, dquot reclaim cannot possibly complete a dquot flush
before quotacheck completes.

Therefore, quotacheck must submit the buffer for I/O in order to
cycle the flush lock and flush the dirty in-core dquot to the
buffer. Add a delwri queue buffer push mechanism to submit an
individual buffer for I/O without losing the delwri queue status and
use it from quotacheck to avoid the deadlock. This restores
quotacheck behavior to as before the regression was introduced.
Reported-by: Martin Svec <martin.svec@zoner.cz>
Signed-off-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>