The selftest test_global_funcs/global_func1 failed with the latest clang17.
The reason is due to upstream ArgumentPromotionPass ([1]),
which may manipulate static function parameters and cause inlining
although the funciton is marked as noinline.

The original code:
  static __attribute__ ((noinline))
  int f0(int var, struct __sk_buff *skb)
  {
        return skb->len;
  }

  __attribute__ ((noinline))
  int f1(struct __sk_buff *skb)
  {
	...
        return f0(0, skb) + skb->len;
  }

  ...

  SEC("tc")
  __failure __msg("combined stack size of 4 calls is 544")
  int global_func1(struct __sk_buff *skb)
  {
        return f0(1, skb) + f1(skb) + f2(2, skb) + f3(3, skb, 4);
  }

After ArgumentPromotionPass, the code is translated to
  static __attribute__ ((noinline))
  int f0(int var, int skb_len)
  {
        return skb_len;
  }

  __attribute__ ((noinline))
  int f1(struct __sk_buff *skb)
  {
	...
        return f0(0, skb->len) + skb->len;
  }

  ...

  SEC("tc")
  __failure __msg("combined stack size of 4 calls is 544")
  int global_func1(struct __sk_buff *skb)
  {
        return f0(1, skb->len) + f1(skb) + f2(2, skb) + f3(3, skb, 4);
  }

And later llvm InstCombine phase recognized that f0()
simplify returns the value of the second argument and removed f0()
completely and the final code looks like:
  __attribute__ ((noinline))
  int f1(struct __sk_buff *skb)
  {
	...
        return skb->len + skb->len;
  }

  ...

  SEC("tc")
  __failure __msg("combined stack size of 4 calls is 544")
  int global_func1(struct __sk_buff *skb)
  {
        return skb->len + f1(skb) + f2(2, skb) + f3(3, skb, 4);
  }

If f0() is not inlined, the verification will fail with stack size
544 for a particular callchain. With f0() inlined, the maximum
stack size is 512 which is in the limit.

Let us add a `asm volatile ("")` in f0() to prevent ArgumentPromotionPass
from hoisting the code to its caller, and this fixed the test failure.

  [1] https://reviews.llvm.org/D148269Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230425174744.1758515-1-yhs@fb.com