bpf, netns: Fix use-after-free in pernet pre_exit callback

Iterating over BPF links attached to network namespace in pre_exit hook is
not safe, even if there is just one. Once link gets auto-detached, that is
its back-pointer to net object is set to NULL, the link can be released and
freed without waiting on netns_bpf_mutex, effectively causing the list
element we are operating on to be freed.

This leads to use-after-free when trying to access the next element on the
list, as reported by KASAN. Bug can be triggered by destroying a network
namespace, while also releasing a link attached to this network namespace.

| ==================================================================
| BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in netns_bpf_pernet_pre_exit+0xd9/0x130
| Read of size 8 at addr ffff888119e0d778 by task kworker/u8:2/177
|
| CPU: 3 PID: 177 Comm: kworker/u8:2 Not tainted 5.8.0-rc1-00197-ga0c04c9d1008-dirty #776
| Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS ?-20190727_073836-buildvm-ppc64le-16.ppc.fedoraproject.org-3.fc31 04/01/2014
| Workqueue: netns cleanup_net
| Call Trace:
|  dump_stack+0x9e/0xe0
|  print_address_description.constprop.0+0x3a/0x60
|  ? netns_bpf_pernet_pre_exit+0xd9/0x130
|  kasan_report.cold+0x1f/0x40
|  ? netns_bpf_pernet_pre_exit+0xd9/0x130
|  netns_bpf_pernet_pre_exit+0xd9/0x130
|  cleanup_net+0x30b/0x5b0
|  ? unregister_pernet_device+0x50/0x50
|  ? rcu_read_lock_bh_held+0xb0/0xb0
|  ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x24/0x50
|  process_one_work+0x4d1/0xa10
|  ? lock_release+0x3e0/0x3e0
|  ? pwq_dec_nr_in_flight+0x110/0x110
|  ? rwlock_bug.part.0+0x60/0x60
|  worker_thread+0x7a/0x5c0
|  ? process_one_work+0xa10/0xa10
|  kthread+0x1e3/0x240
|  ? kthread_create_on_node+0xd0/0xd0
|  ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
|
| Allocated by task 280:
|  save_stack+0x1b/0x40
|  __kasan_kmalloc.constprop.0+0xc2/0xd0
|  netns_bpf_link_create+0xfe/0x650
|  __do_sys_bpf+0x153a/0x2a50
|  do_syscall_64+0x59/0x300
|  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9
|
| Freed by task 198:
|  save_stack+0x1b/0x40
|  __kasan_slab_free+0x12f/0x180
|  kfree+0xed/0x350
|  process_one_work+0x4d1/0xa10
|  worker_thread+0x7a/0x5c0
|  kthread+0x1e3/0x240
|  ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30
|
| The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888119e0d700
|  which belongs to the cache kmalloc-192 of size 192
| The buggy address is located 120 bytes inside of
|  192-byte region [ffff888119e0d700, ffff888119e0d7c0)
| The buggy address belongs to the page:
| page:ffffea0004678340 refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0
| flags: 0x2fffe0000000200(slab)
| raw: 02fffe0000000200 ffffea00045ba8c0 0000000600000006 ffff88811a80ea80
| raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000100010 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000
| page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected
|
| Memory state around the buggy address:
|  ffff888119e0d600: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
|  ffff888119e0d680: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
| >ffff888119e0d700: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
|                                                                 ^
|  ffff888119e0d780: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
|  ffff888119e0d800: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
| ==================================================================

Remove the "fast-path" for releasing a link that got auto-detached by a
dying network namespace to fix it. This way as long as link is on the list
and netns_bpf mutex is held, we have a guarantee that link memory can be
accessed.

An alternative way to fix this issue would be to safely iterate over the
list of links and ensure there is no access to link object after detaching
it. But, at the moment, optimizing synchronization overhead on link release
without a workload in mind seems like an overkill.

Fixes: ab53cad9 ("bpf, netns: Keep a list of attached bpf_link's")
Signed-off-by: Jakub Sitnicki <jakub@cloudflare.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200630164541.1329993-1-jakub@cloudflare.com

kernel/bpf/net_namespace.c

@@ -43,15 +43,11 @@ static void bpf_netns_link_release(struct bpf_link *link)
 	enum netns_bpf_attach_type type = net_link->netns_type;
 	struct net *net;
 
-	/* Link auto-detached by dying netns. */
-	if (!net_link->net)
-		return;
-
 	mutex_lock(&netns_bpf_mutex);
 
-	/* Recheck after potential sleep. We can race with cleanup_net
-	 * here, but if we see a non-NULL struct net pointer pre_exit
-	 * has not happened yet and will block on netns_bpf_mutex.
+	/* We can race with cleanup_net, but if we see a non-NULL
+	 * struct net pointer, pre_exit has not run yet and wait for
+	 * netns_bpf_mutex.
 	 */
 	net = net_link->net;
 	if (!net)