x86/ptrace: Add FRED additional information to the pt_regs structure

FRED defines additional information in the upper 48 bits of cs/ss
fields. Therefore add the information definitions into the pt_regs
structure.

Specifically introduce a new structure fred_ss to denote the FRED flags
above SS selector, which avoids FRED_SSX_ macros and makes the code
simpler and easier to read.
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Originally-by: H. Peter Anvin (Intel) <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Xin Li <xin3.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Tested-by: Shan Kang <shan.kang@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231205105030.8698-15-xin3.li@intel.com

arch/x86/include/asm/ptrace.h

@@ -56,6 +56,50 @@ struct pt_regs {
 
 #else /* __i386__ */
 
+struct fred_cs {
+		/* CS selector */
+	u64	cs	: 16,
+		/* Stack level at event time */
+		sl	:  2,
+		/* IBT in WAIT_FOR_ENDBRANCH state */
+		wfe	:  1,
+			: 45;
+};
+
+struct fred_ss {
+		/* SS selector */
+	u64	ss	: 16,
+		/* STI state */
+		sti	:  1,
+		/* Set if syscall, sysenter or INT n */
+		swevent	:  1,
+		/* Event is NMI type */
+		nmi	:  1,
+			: 13,
+		/* Event vector */
+		vector	:  8,
+			:  8,
+		/* Event type */
+		type	:  4,
+			:  4,
+		/* Event was incident to enclave execution */
+		enclave	:  1,
+		/* CPU was in long mode */
+		lm	:  1,
+		/*
+		 * Nested exception during FRED delivery, not set
+		 * for #DF.
+		 */
+		nested	:  1,
+			:  1,
+		/*
+		 * The length of the instruction causing the event.
+		 * Only set for INTO, INT1, INT3, INT n, SYSCALL
+		 * and SYSENTER.  0 otherwise.
+		 */
+		insnlen	:  4;
+};
+
 struct pt_regs {
 	/*
 	 * C ABI says these regs are callee-preserved. They aren't saved on
@@ -85,6 +129,12 @@ struct pt_regs {
 	 * - the syscall number (syscall, sysenter, int80)
 	 * - error_code stored by the CPU on traps and exceptions
 	 * - the interrupt number for device interrupts
+	 *
+	 * A FRED stack frame starts here:
+	 *   1) It _always_ includes an error code;
+	 *
+	 *   2) The return frame for ERET[US] starts here, but
+	 *      the content of orig_ax is ignored.
 	 */
 	unsigned long orig_ax;
 
@@ -92,24 +142,30 @@ struct pt_regs {
 	unsigned long ip;
 
 	union {
-		/* The full 64-bit data slot containing CS */
-		u64		csx;
 		/* CS selector */
 		u16		cs;
+		/* The extended 64-bit data slot containing CS */
+		u64		csx;
+		/* The FRED CS extension */
+		struct fred_cs	fred_cs;
 	};
 
 	unsigned long flags;
 	unsigned long sp;
 
 	union {
-		/* The full 64-bit data slot containing SS */
-		u64		ssx;
 		/* SS selector */
 		u16		ss;
+		/* The extended 64-bit data slot containing SS */
+		u64		ssx;
+		/* The FRED SS extension */
+		struct fred_ss	fred_ss;
 	};
 
 	/*
-	 * Top of stack on IDT systems.
+	 * Top of stack on IDT systems, while FRED systems have extra fields
+	 * defined above for storing exception related information, e.g. CR2 or
+	 * DR6.
 	 */
 };