Commit 455cd5ab authored by Dan Rosenberg's avatar Dan Rosenberg Committed by Linus Torvalds

kptr_restrict for hiding kernel pointers from unprivileged users

Add the %pK printk format specifier and the /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict
sysctl.

The %pK format specifier is designed to hide exposed kernel pointers,
specifically via /proc interfaces.  Exposing these pointers provides an
easy target for kernel write vulnerabilities, since they reveal the
locations of writable structures containing easily triggerable function
pointers.  The behavior of %pK depends on the kptr_restrict sysctl.

If kptr_restrict is set to 0, no deviation from the standard %p behavior
occurs.  If kptr_restrict is set to 1, the default, if the current user
(intended to be a reader via seq_printf(), etc.) does not have CAP_SYSLOG
(currently in the LSM tree), kernel pointers using %pK are printed as 0's.
 If kptr_restrict is set to 2, kernel pointers using %pK are printed as
0's regardless of privileges.  Replacing with 0's was chosen over the
default "(null)", which cannot be parsed by userland %p, which expects
"(nil)".

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: check for IRQ context when !kptr_restrict, save an indent level, s/WARN/WARN_ONCE/]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixup]
[randy.dunlap@oracle.com: fix kernel/sysctl.c warning]
Signed-off-by: default avatarDan Rosenberg <drosenberg@vsecurity.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarRandy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Graf <tgraf@infradead.org>
Cc: Eugene Teo <eugeneteo@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <kees.cook@canonical.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Eric Paris <eparis@parisplace.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
parent 351f8f8e
......@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ show up in /proc/sys/kernel:
- hotplug
- java-appletviewer [ binfmt_java, obsolete ]
- java-interpreter [ binfmt_java, obsolete ]
- kptr_restrict
- kstack_depth_to_print [ X86 only ]
- l2cr [ PPC only ]
- modprobe ==> Documentation/debugging-modules.txt
......@@ -261,6 +262,19 @@ This flag controls the L2 cache of G3 processor boards. If
==============================================================
kptr_restrict:
This toggle indicates whether restrictions are placed on
exposing kernel addresses via /proc and other interfaces. When
kptr_restrict is set to (0), there are no restrictions. When
kptr_restrict is set to (1), the default, kernel pointers
printed using the %pK format specifier will be replaced with 0's
unless the user has CAP_SYSLOG. When kptr_restrict is set to
(2), kernel pointers printed using %pK will be replaced with 0's
regardless of privileges.
==============================================================
kstack_depth_to_print: (X86 only)
Controls the number of words to print when dumping the raw
......
......@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ extern bool printk_timed_ratelimit(unsigned long *caller_jiffies,
extern int printk_delay_msec;
extern int dmesg_restrict;
extern int kptr_restrict;
/*
* Print a one-time message (analogous to WARN_ONCE() et al):
......
......@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/sysctl.h>
#include <linux/signal.h>
#include <linux/printk.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
......@@ -710,6 +711,15 @@ static struct ctl_table kern_table[] = {
.extra1 = &zero,
.extra2 = &one,
},
{
.procname = "kptr_restrict",
.data = &kptr_restrict,
.maxlen = sizeof(int),
.mode = 0644,
.proc_handler = proc_dointvec_minmax,
.extra1 = &zero,
.extra2 = &two,
},
#endif
{
.procname = "ngroups_max",
......
......@@ -936,6 +936,8 @@ char *uuid_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
return string(buf, end, uuid, spec);
}
int kptr_restrict = 1;
/*
* Show a '%p' thing. A kernel extension is that the '%p' is followed
* by an extra set of alphanumeric characters that are extended format
......@@ -979,6 +981,7 @@ char *uuid_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
* Implements a "recursive vsnprintf".
* Do not use this feature without some mechanism to verify the
* correctness of the format string and va_list arguments.
* - 'K' For a kernel pointer that should be hidden from unprivileged users
*
* Note: The difference between 'S' and 'F' is that on ia64 and ppc64
* function pointers are really function descriptors, which contain a
......@@ -1035,6 +1038,25 @@ char *pointer(const char *fmt, char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
return buf + vsnprintf(buf, end - buf,
((struct va_format *)ptr)->fmt,
*(((struct va_format *)ptr)->va));
case 'K':
/*
* %pK cannot be used in IRQ context because its test
* for CAP_SYSLOG would be meaningless.
*/
if (in_irq() || in_serving_softirq() || in_nmi()) {
if (spec.field_width == -1)
spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(void *);
return string(buf, end, "pK-error", spec);
} else if ((kptr_restrict == 0) ||
(kptr_restrict == 1 &&
has_capability_noaudit(current, CAP_SYSLOG)))
break;
if (spec.field_width == -1) {
spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(void *);
spec.flags |= ZEROPAD;
}
return number(buf, end, 0, spec);
}
spec.flags |= SMALL;
if (spec.field_width == -1) {
......
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