bpf: Fix crash due to out of bounds access into reg2btf_ids.

When commit e6ac2450 ("bpf: Support bpf program calling kernel function") added
kfunc support, it defined reg2btf_ids as a cheap way to translate the verifier
reg type to the appropriate btf_vmlinux BTF ID, however
commit c25b2ae1 ("bpf: Replace PTR_TO_XXX_OR_NULL with PTR_TO_XXX | PTR_MAYBE_NULL")
moved the __BPF_REG_TYPE_MAX from the last member of bpf_reg_type enum to after
the base register types, and defined other variants using type flag
composition. However, now, the direct usage of reg->type to index into
reg2btf_ids may no longer fall into __BPF_REG_TYPE_MAX range, and hence lead to
out of bounds access and kernel crash on dereference of bad pointer.

Fixes: c25b2ae1 ("bpf: Replace PTR_TO_XXX_OR_NULL with PTR_TO_XXX | PTR_MAYBE_NULL")
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220216201943.624869-1-memxor@gmail.com

kernel/bpf/btf.c

@@ -5688,7 +5688,8 @@ static int btf_check_func_arg_match(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 			}
 			if (check_ptr_off_reg(env, reg, regno))
 				return -EINVAL;
-		} else if (is_kfunc && (reg->type == PTR_TO_BTF_ID || reg2btf_ids[reg->type])) {
+		} else if (is_kfunc && (reg->type == PTR_TO_BTF_ID ||
+			   (reg2btf_ids[base_type(reg->type)] && !type_flag(reg->type)))) {
 			const struct btf_type *reg_ref_t;
 			const struct btf *reg_btf;
 			const char *reg_ref_tname;
@@ -5706,7 +5707,7 @@ static int btf_check_func_arg_match(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 				reg_ref_id = reg->btf_id;
 			} else {
 				reg_btf = btf_vmlinux;
-				reg_ref_id = *reg2btf_ids[reg->type];
+				reg_ref_id = *reg2btf_ids[base_type(reg->type)];
 			}
 
 			reg_ref_t = btf_type_skip_modifiers(reg_btf, reg_ref_id,