writeback: use higher precision calculation in domain_dirty_limits()

As vm.dirty_[background_]bytes can't be applied verbatim to multiple
cgroup writeback domains, they get converted to percentages in
domain_dirty_limits() and applied the same way as
vm.dirty_[background]ratio.  However, if the specified bytes is lower
than 1% of available memory, the calculated ratios become zero and the
writeback domain gets throttled constantly.

Fix it by using per-PAGE_SIZE instead of percentage for ratio
calculations.  Also, the updated DIV_ROUND_UP() usages now should
yield 1/4096 (0.0244%) as the minimum ratio as long as the specified
bytes are above zero.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Miao Xie <miaoxie@huawei.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/g/57333E75.3080309@huawei.com
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.2+
Fixes: 9fc3a43e ("writeback: separate out domain_dirty_limits()")
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>

Adjusted comment based on Jan's suggestion.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

mm/page-writeback.c

@@ -373,8 +373,9 @@ static void domain_dirty_limits(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
 	struct dirty_throttle_control *gdtc = mdtc_gdtc(dtc);
 	unsigned long bytes = vm_dirty_bytes;
 	unsigned long bg_bytes = dirty_background_bytes;
-	unsigned long ratio = vm_dirty_ratio;
-	unsigned long bg_ratio = dirty_background_ratio;
+	/* convert ratios to per-PAGE_SIZE for higher precision */
+	unsigned long ratio = (vm_dirty_ratio * PAGE_SIZE) / 100;
+	unsigned long bg_ratio = (dirty_background_ratio * PAGE_SIZE) / 100;
 	unsigned long thresh;
 	unsigned long bg_thresh;
 	struct task_struct *tsk;
@@ -386,26 +387,28 @@ static void domain_dirty_limits(struct dirty_throttle_control *dtc)
 		/*
 		 * The byte settings can't be applied directly to memcg
 		 * domains.  Convert them to ratios by scaling against
-		 * globally available memory.
+		 * globally available memory.  As the ratios are in
+		 * per-PAGE_SIZE, they can be obtained by dividing bytes by
+		 * number of pages.
 		 */
 		if (bytes)
-			ratio = min(DIV_ROUND_UP(bytes, PAGE_SIZE) * 100 /
-				    global_avail, 100UL);
+			ratio = min(DIV_ROUND_UP(bytes, global_avail),
+				    PAGE_SIZE);
 		if (bg_bytes)
-			bg_ratio = min(DIV_ROUND_UP(bg_bytes, PAGE_SIZE) * 100 /
-				       global_avail, 100UL);
+			bg_ratio = min(DIV_ROUND_UP(bg_bytes, global_avail),
+				       PAGE_SIZE);
 		bytes = bg_bytes = 0;
 	}
 
 	if (bytes)
 		thresh = DIV_ROUND_UP(bytes, PAGE_SIZE);
 	else
-		thresh = (ratio * available_memory) / 100;
+		thresh = (ratio * available_memory) / PAGE_SIZE;
 
 	if (bg_bytes)
 		bg_thresh = DIV_ROUND_UP(bg_bytes, PAGE_SIZE);
 	else
-		bg_thresh = (bg_ratio * available_memory) / 100;
+		bg_thresh = (bg_ratio * available_memory) / PAGE_SIZE;
 
 	if (bg_thresh >= thresh)
 		bg_thresh = thresh / 2;