cachefiles: Implement metadata/coherency data storage in xattrs

Use an xattr on each backing file in the cache to store some metadata, such
as the content type and the coherency data.

Five content types are defined:

 (0) No content stored.

 (1) The file contains a single monolithic blob and must be all or nothing.
     This would be used for something like an AFS directory or a symlink.

 (2) The file is populated with content completely up to a point with
     nothing beyond that.

 (3) The file has a map attached and is sparsely populated.  This would be
     stored in one or more additional xattrs.

 (4) The file is dirty, being in the process of local modification and the
     contents are not necessarily represented correctly by the metadata.
     The file should be deleted if this is seen on binding.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
cc: linux-cachefs@redhat.com
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163819641320.215744.16346770087799536862.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v1
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163906942248.143852.5423738045012094252.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v2
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/163967151734.1823006.9301249989443622576.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v3
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/164021550471.640689.553853918307994335.stgit@warthog.procyon.org.uk/ # v4

fs/cachefiles/Makefile

@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ cachefiles-y := \
 	main.o \
 	namei.o \
 	security.o \
-	volume.o
+	volume.o \
+	xattr.o
 
 cachefiles-$(CONFIG_CACHEFILES_ERROR_INJECTION) += error_inject.o
 

fs/cachefiles/internal.h

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ struct cachefiles_object {
 	u8				d_name_len;	/* Length of filename */
 	enum cachefiles_content		content_info:8;	/* Info about content presence */
 	unsigned long			flags;
+#define CACHEFILES_OBJECT_USING_TMPFILE	0		/* Have an unlinked tmpfile */
 };
 
 /*
@@ -219,6 +220,17 @@ void cachefiles_acquire_volume(struct fscache_volume *volume);
 void cachefiles_free_volume(struct fscache_volume *volume);
 void cachefiles_withdraw_volume(struct cachefiles_volume *volume);
 
+/*
+ * xattr.c
+ */
+extern int cachefiles_set_object_xattr(struct cachefiles_object *object);
+extern int cachefiles_check_auxdata(struct cachefiles_object *object,
+				    struct file *file);
+extern int cachefiles_remove_object_xattr(struct cachefiles_cache *cache,
+					  struct cachefiles_object *object,
+					  struct dentry *dentry);
+extern void cachefiles_prepare_to_write(struct fscache_cookie *cookie);
+
 /*
  * Error handling
  */
@@ -229,6 +241,15 @@ do {							\
 	set_bit(CACHEFILES_DEAD, &(___cache)->flags);	\
 } while (0)
 
+#define cachefiles_io_error_obj(object, FMT, ...)			\
+do {									\
+	struct cachefiles_cache *___cache;				\
+									\
+	___cache = (object)->volume->cache;				\
+	cachefiles_io_error(___cache, FMT " [o=%08x]", ##__VA_ARGS__,	\
+			    (object)->debug_id);			\
+} while (0)
+
 
 /*
  * Debug tracing

fs/cachefiles/xattr.c

+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/* CacheFiles extended attribute management
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2021 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/fsnotify.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include "internal.h"
+
+#define CACHEFILES_COOKIE_TYPE_DATA 1
+
+struct cachefiles_xattr {
+	__be64	object_size;	/* Actual size of the object */
+	__be64	zero_point;	/* Size after which server has no data not written by us */
+	__u8	type;		/* Type of object */
+	__u8	content;	/* Content presence (enum cachefiles_content) */
+	__u8	data[];		/* netfs coherency data */
+} __packed;
+
+static const char cachefiles_xattr_cache[] =
+	XATTR_USER_PREFIX "CacheFiles.cache";
+
+/*
+ * set the state xattr on a cache file
+ */
+int cachefiles_set_object_xattr(struct cachefiles_object *object)
+{
+	struct cachefiles_xattr *buf;
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+	struct file *file = object->file;
+	unsigned int len = object->cookie->aux_len;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!file)
+		return -ESTALE;
+	dentry = file->f_path.dentry;
+
+	_enter("%x,#%d", object->debug_id, len);
+
+	buf = kmalloc(sizeof(struct cachefiles_xattr) + len, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	buf->object_size	= cpu_to_be64(object->cookie->object_size);
+	buf->zero_point		= 0;
+	buf->type		= CACHEFILES_COOKIE_TYPE_DATA;
+	buf->content		= object->content_info;
+	if (test_bit(FSCACHE_COOKIE_LOCAL_WRITE, &object->cookie->flags))
+		buf->content	= CACHEFILES_CONTENT_DIRTY;
+	if (len > 0)
+		memcpy(buf->data, fscache_get_aux(object->cookie), len);
+
+	ret = cachefiles_inject_write_error();
+	if (ret == 0)
+		ret = vfs_setxattr(&init_user_ns, dentry, cachefiles_xattr_cache,
+				   buf, sizeof(struct cachefiles_xattr) + len, 0);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		trace_cachefiles_vfs_error(object, file_inode(file), ret,
+					   cachefiles_trace_setxattr_error);
+		trace_cachefiles_coherency(object, file_inode(file)->i_ino,
+					   buf->content,
+					   cachefiles_coherency_set_fail);
+		if (ret != -ENOMEM)
+			cachefiles_io_error_obj(
+				object,
+				"Failed to set xattr with error %d", ret);
+	} else {
+		trace_cachefiles_coherency(object, file_inode(file)->i_ino,
+					   buf->content,
+					   cachefiles_coherency_set_ok);
+	}
+
+	kfree(buf);
+	_leave(" = %d", ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * check the consistency between the backing cache and the FS-Cache cookie
+ */
+int cachefiles_check_auxdata(struct cachefiles_object *object, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct cachefiles_xattr *buf;
+	struct dentry *dentry = file->f_path.dentry;
+	unsigned int len = object->cookie->aux_len, tlen;
+	const void *p = fscache_get_aux(object->cookie);
+	enum cachefiles_coherency_trace why;
+	ssize_t xlen;
+	int ret = -ESTALE;
+
+	tlen = sizeof(struct cachefiles_xattr) + len;
+	buf = kmalloc(tlen, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	xlen = cachefiles_inject_read_error();
+	if (xlen == 0)
+		xlen = vfs_getxattr(&init_user_ns, dentry, cachefiles_xattr_cache, buf, tlen);
+	if (xlen != tlen) {
+		if (xlen < 0)
+			trace_cachefiles_vfs_error(object, file_inode(file), xlen,
+						   cachefiles_trace_getxattr_error);
+		if (xlen == -EIO)
+			cachefiles_io_error_obj(
+				object,
+				"Failed to read aux with error %zd", xlen);
+		why = cachefiles_coherency_check_xattr;
+	} else if (buf->type != CACHEFILES_COOKIE_TYPE_DATA) {
+		why = cachefiles_coherency_check_type;
+	} else if (memcmp(buf->data, p, len) != 0) {
+		why = cachefiles_coherency_check_aux;
+	} else if (be64_to_cpu(buf->object_size) != object->cookie->object_size) {
+		why = cachefiles_coherency_check_objsize;
+	} else if (buf->content == CACHEFILES_CONTENT_DIRTY) {
+		// TODO: Begin conflict resolution
+		pr_warn("Dirty object in cache\n");
+		why = cachefiles_coherency_check_dirty;
+	} else {
+		why = cachefiles_coherency_check_ok;
+		ret = 0;
+	}
+
+	trace_cachefiles_coherency(object, file_inode(file)->i_ino,
+				   buf->content, why);
+	kfree(buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * remove the object's xattr to mark it stale
+ */
+int cachefiles_remove_object_xattr(struct cachefiles_cache *cache,
+				   struct cachefiles_object *object,
+				   struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = cachefiles_inject_remove_error();
+	if (ret == 0)
+		ret = vfs_removexattr(&init_user_ns, dentry, cachefiles_xattr_cache);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		trace_cachefiles_vfs_error(object, d_inode(dentry), ret,
+					   cachefiles_trace_remxattr_error);
+		if (ret == -ENOENT || ret == -ENODATA)
+			ret = 0;
+		else if (ret != -ENOMEM)
+			cachefiles_io_error(cache,
+					    "Can't remove xattr from %lu"
+					    " (error %d)",
+					    d_backing_inode(dentry)->i_ino, -ret);
+	}
+
+	_leave(" = %d", ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Stick a marker on the cache object to indicate that it's dirty.
+ */
+void cachefiles_prepare_to_write(struct fscache_cookie *cookie)
+{
+	const struct cred *saved_cred;
+	struct cachefiles_object *object = cookie->cache_priv;
+	struct cachefiles_cache *cache = object->volume->cache;
+
+	_enter("c=%08x", object->cookie->debug_id);
+
+	if (!test_bit(CACHEFILES_OBJECT_USING_TMPFILE, &object->flags)) {
+		cachefiles_begin_secure(cache, &saved_cred);
+		cachefiles_set_object_xattr(object);
+		cachefiles_end_secure(cache, saved_cred);
+	}
+}

include/trace/events/cachefiles.h

@@ -42,6 +42,19 @@ enum fscache_why_object_killed {
 	FSCACHE_OBJECT_WAS_CULLED,
 };
 
+enum cachefiles_coherency_trace {
+	cachefiles_coherency_check_aux,
+	cachefiles_coherency_check_content,
+	cachefiles_coherency_check_dirty,
+	cachefiles_coherency_check_len,
+	cachefiles_coherency_check_objsize,
+	cachefiles_coherency_check_ok,
+	cachefiles_coherency_check_type,
+	cachefiles_coherency_check_xattr,
+	cachefiles_coherency_set_fail,
+	cachefiles_coherency_set_ok,
+};
+
 enum cachefiles_trunc_trace {
 	cachefiles_trunc_dio_adjust,
 	cachefiles_trunc_expand_tmpfile,
@@ -95,6 +108,18 @@ enum cachefiles_error_trace {
 	EM(cachefiles_obj_see_withdraw_cookie,	"SEE withdraw_cookie")	\
 	E_(cachefiles_obj_see_withdrawal,	"SEE withdrawal")
 
+#define cachefiles_coherency_traces					\
+	EM(cachefiles_coherency_check_aux,	"BAD aux ")		\
+	EM(cachefiles_coherency_check_content,	"BAD cont")		\
+	EM(cachefiles_coherency_check_dirty,	"BAD dirt")		\
+	EM(cachefiles_coherency_check_len,	"BAD len ")		\
+	EM(cachefiles_coherency_check_objsize,	"BAD osiz")		\
+	EM(cachefiles_coherency_check_ok,	"OK      ")		\
+	EM(cachefiles_coherency_check_type,	"BAD type")		\
+	EM(cachefiles_coherency_check_xattr,	"BAD xatt")		\
+	EM(cachefiles_coherency_set_fail,	"SET fail")		\
+	E_(cachefiles_coherency_set_ok,		"SET ok  ")
+
 #define cachefiles_trunc_traces						\
 	EM(cachefiles_trunc_dio_adjust,		"DIOADJ")		\
 	EM(cachefiles_trunc_expand_tmpfile,	"EXPTMP")		\
@@ -130,6 +155,7 @@ enum cachefiles_error_trace {
 
 cachefiles_obj_kill_traces;
 cachefiles_obj_ref_traces;
+cachefiles_coherency_traces;
 cachefiles_trunc_traces;
 cachefiles_error_traces;
 
@@ -287,6 +313,36 @@ TRACE_EVENT(cachefiles_rename,
 		      __print_symbolic(__entry->why, cachefiles_obj_kill_traces))
 	    );
 
+TRACE_EVENT(cachefiles_coherency,
+	    TP_PROTO(struct cachefiles_object *obj,
+		     ino_t ino,
+		     enum cachefiles_content content,
+		     enum cachefiles_coherency_trace why),
+
+	    TP_ARGS(obj, ino, content, why),
+
+	    /* Note that obj may be NULL */
+	    TP_STRUCT__entry(
+		    __field(unsigned int,			obj	)
+		    __field(enum cachefiles_coherency_trace,	why	)
+		    __field(enum cachefiles_content,		content	)
+		    __field(u64,				ino	)
+			     ),
+
+	    TP_fast_assign(
+		    __entry->obj	= obj->debug_id;
+		    __entry->why	= why;
+		    __entry->content	= content;
+		    __entry->ino	= ino;
+			   ),
+
+	    TP_printk("o=%08x %s i=%llx c=%u",
+		      __entry->obj,
+		      __print_symbolic(__entry->why, cachefiles_coherency_traces),
+		      __entry->ino,
+		      __entry->content)
+	    );
+
 TRACE_EVENT(cachefiles_trunc,
 	    TP_PROTO(struct cachefiles_object *obj, struct inode *backer,
 		     loff_t from, loff_t to, enum cachefiles_trunc_trace why),