rcu: Correctly handle non-empty Tiny RCU callback list with none ready

commit 6e91f8cb upstream.

If, at the time __rcu_process_callbacks() is invoked,  there are callbacks
in Tiny RCU's callback list, but none of them are ready to be invoked,
the current list-management code will knit the non-ready callbacks out
of the list.  This can result in hangs and possibly worse.  This commit
therefore inserts a check for there being no callbacks that can be
invoked immediately.

This bug is unlikely to occur -- you have to get a new callback between
the time rcu_sched_qs() or rcu_bh_qs() was called, but before we get to
__rcu_process_callbacks().  It was detected by the addition of RCU-bh
testing to rcutorture, which in turn was instigated by Iftekhar Ahmed's
mutation testing.  Although this bug was made much more likely by
915e8a4f (rcu: Remove fastpath from __rcu_process_callbacks()), this
did not cause the bug, but rather made it much more probable.   That
said, it takes mor...

kernel/rcutiny.c

@@ -160,6 +160,11 @@ static void __rcu_process_callbacks(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
 
 	/* Move the ready-to-invoke callbacks to a local list. */
 	local_irq_save(flags);
+	if (rcp->donetail == &rcp->rcucblist) {
+		/* No callbacks ready, so just leave. */
+		local_irq_restore(flags);
+		return;
+	}
 	RCU_TRACE(trace_rcu_batch_start(rcp->name, 0, -1));
 	list = rcp->rcucblist;
 	rcp->rcucblist = *rcp->donetail;