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  1. 29 Jan, 2021 1 commit
    • Sedat Dilek's avatar
      tools: Factor Clang, LLC and LLVM utils definitions · 211a741c
      Sedat Dilek authored 
      When dealing with BPF/BTF/pahole and DWARF v5 I wanted to build bpftool.

While looking into the source code I found duplicate assignments in misc tools
for the LLVM eco system, e.g. clang and llvm-objcopy.

Move the Clang, LLC and/or LLVM utils definitions to tools/scripts/Makefile.include
file and add missing includes where needed. Honestly, I was inspired by the commit
c8a950d0 ("tools: Factor HOSTCC, HOSTLD, HOSTAR definitions").

I tested with bpftool and perf on Debian/testing AMD64 and LLVM/Clang v11.1.0-rc1.

Build instructions:

[ make and make-options ]
MAKE="make V=1"
MAKE_OPTS="HOSTCC=clang HOSTCXX=clang++ HOSTLD=ld.lld CC=clang LD=ld.lld LLVM=1 LLVM_IAS=1"
MAKE_OPTS="$MAKE_OPTS PAHOLE=/opt/pahole/bin/pahole"

[ clean-up ]
$MAKE $MAKE_OPTS -C tools/ clean

[ bpftool ]
$MAKE $MAKE_OPTS -C tools/bpf/bpftool/

[ perf ]
PYTHON=python3 $MAKE $MAKE_OPTS -C tools/perf/

I was careful with respecting the user's wish to override custom compiler, linker,
GNU/binutils and/or LLVM utils settings.
Signed-off-by: default avatarSedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarDaniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: default avatarAndrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@redhat.com> # tools/build and tools/perf
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210128015117.20515-1-sedat.dilek@gmail.com
      211a741c
  3. 28 Jan, 2021 2 commits
  5. 27 Jan, 2021 2 commits
  7. 26 Jan, 2021 1 commit
  9. 25 Jan, 2021 17 commits
  11. 22 Jan, 2021 3 commits
  13. 21 Jan, 2021 4 commits
  15. 20 Jan, 2021 10 commits
    • Alexei Starovoitov's avatar
      Merge branch 'bpf: misc performance improvements for cgroup' · 636d549f
      Alexei Starovoitov authored 
      Stanislav Fomichev says:

====================

First patch adds custom getsockopt for TCP_ZEROCOPY_RECEIVE
to remove kmalloc and lock_sock overhead from the dat path.

Second patch removes kzalloc/kfree from getsockopt for the common cases.

Third patch switches cgroup_bpf_enabled to be per-attach to
to add only overhead for the cgroup attach types used on the system.

No visible user-side changes.

v9:
- include linux/tcp.h instead of netinet/tcp.h in sockopt_sk.c
- note that v9 depends on the commit 4be34f3d ("bpf: Don't leak
  memory in bpf getsockopt when optlen == 0") from bpf tree

v8:
- add bpi.h to tools/include/uapi in the same patch (Martin KaFai Lau)
- kmalloc instead of kzalloc when exporting buffer (Martin KaFai Lau)
- note that v8 depends on the commit 4be34f3d ("bpf: Don't leak
  memory in bpf getsockopt when optlen == 0") from bpf tree

v7:
- add comment about buffer contents for retval != 0 (Martin KaFai Lau)
- export tcp.h into tools/include/uapi (Martin KaFai Lau)
- note that v7 depends on the commit 4be34f3d ("bpf: Don't leak
  memory in bpf getsockopt when optlen == 0") from bpf tree

v6:
- avoid indirect cost for new bpf_bypass_getsockopt (Eric Dumazet)

v5:
- reorder patches to reduce the churn (Martin KaFai Lau)

v4:
- update performance numbers
- bypass_bpf_getsockopt (Martin KaFai Lau)

v3:
- remove extra newline, add comment about sizeof tcp_zerocopy_receive
  (Martin KaFai Lau)
- add another patch to remove lock_sock overhead from
  TCP_ZEROCOPY_RECEIVE; technically, this makes patch #1 obsolete,
  but I'd still prefer to keep it to help with other socket
  options

v2:
- perf numbers for getsockopt kmalloc reduction (Song Liu)
- (sk) in BPF_CGROUP_PRE_CONNECT_ENABLED (Song Liu)
- 128 -> 64 buffer size, BUILD_BUG_ON (Martin KaFai Lau)
====================
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      636d549f
    • Stanislav Fomichev's avatar
      bpf: Split cgroup_bpf_enabled per attach type · a9ed15da
      Stanislav Fomichev authored 
      When we attach any cgroup hook, the rest (even if unused/unattached) start
to contribute small overhead. In particular, the one we want to avoid is
__cgroup_bpf_run_filter_skb which does two redirections to get to
the cgroup and pushes/pulls skb.

Let's split cgroup_bpf_enabled to be per-attach to make sure
only used attach types trigger.

I've dropped some existing high-level cgroup_bpf_enabled in some
places because BPF_PROG_CGROUP_XXX_RUN macros usually have another
cgroup_bpf_enabled check.

I also had to copy-paste BPF_CGROUP_RUN_SA_PROG_LOCK for
GETPEERNAME/GETSOCKNAME because type for cgroup_bpf_enabled[type]
has to be constant and known at compile time.
Signed-off-by: default avatarStanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: default avatarSong Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210115163501.805133-4-sdf@google.com
      a9ed15da
    • Stanislav Fomichev's avatar
      bpf: Try to avoid kzalloc in cgroup/{s,g}etsockopt · 20f2505f
      Stanislav Fomichev authored 
      When we attach a bpf program to cgroup/getsockopt any other getsockopt()
syscall starts incurring kzalloc/kfree cost.

Let add a small buffer on the stack and use it for small (majority)
{s,g}etsockopt values. The buffer is small enough to fit into
the cache line and cover the majority of simple options (most
of them are 4 byte ints).

It seems natural to do the same for setsockopt, but it's a bit more
involved when the BPF program modifies the data (where we have to
kmalloc). The assumption is that for the majority of setsockopt
calls (which are doing pure BPF options or apply policy) this
will bring some benefit as well.

Without this patch (we remove about 1% __kmalloc):
     3.38%     0.07%  tcp_mmap  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] __cgroup_bpf_run_filter_getsockopt
            |
             --3.30%--__cgroup_bpf_run_filter_getsockopt
                       |
                        --0.81%--__kmalloc
Signed-off-by: default avatarStanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: default avatarMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210115163501.805133-3-sdf@google.com
      20f2505f
    • Stanislav Fomichev's avatar
      bpf: Remove extra lock_sock for TCP_ZEROCOPY_RECEIVE · 9cacf81f
      Stanislav Fomichev authored 
      Add custom implementation of getsockopt hook for TCP_ZEROCOPY_RECEIVE.
We skip generic hooks for TCP_ZEROCOPY_RECEIVE and have a custom
call in do_tcp_getsockopt using the on-stack data. This removes
3% overhead for locking/unlocking the socket.

Without this patch:
     3.38%     0.07%  tcp_mmap  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] __cgroup_bpf_run_filter_getsockopt
            |
             --3.30%--__cgroup_bpf_run_filter_getsockopt
                       |
                        --0.81%--__kmalloc

With the patch applied:
     0.52%     0.12%  tcp_mmap  [kernel.kallsyms]  [k] __cgroup_bpf_run_filter_getsockopt_kern

Note, exporting uapi/tcp.h requires removing netinet/tcp.h
from test_progs.h because those headers have confliciting
definitions.
Signed-off-by: default avatarStanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: default avatarMartin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210115163501.805133-2-sdf@google.com
      9cacf81f
    • Yonghong Song's avatar
      bpf: Permit size-0 datasec · 13ca51d5
      Yonghong Song authored 
      llvm patch https://reviews.llvm.org/D84002 permitted
to emit empty rodata datasec if the elf .rodata section
contains read-only data from local variables. These
local variables will be not emitted as BTF_KIND_VARs
since llvm converted these local variables as
static variables with private linkage without debuginfo
types. Such an empty rodata datasec will make
skeleton code generation easy since for skeleton
a rodata struct will be generated if there is a
.rodata elf section. The existence of a rodata
btf datasec is also consistent with the existence
of a rodata map created by libbpf.

The btf with such an empty rodata datasec will fail
in the kernel though as kernel will reject a datasec
with zero vlen and zero size. For example, for the below code,
    int sys_enter(void *ctx)
    {
       int fmt[6] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};
       int dst[6];

       bpf_probe_read(dst, sizeof(dst), fmt);
       return 0;
    }
We got the below btf (bpftool btf dump ./test.o):
    [1] PTR '(anon)' type_id=0
    [2] FUNC_PROTO '(anon)' ret_type_id=3 vlen=1
            'ctx' type_id=1
    [3] INT 'int' size=4 bits_offset=0 nr_bits=32 encoding=SIGNED
    [4] FUNC 'sys_enter' type_id=2 linkage=global
    [5] INT 'char' size=1 bits_offset=0 nr_bits=8 encoding=SIGNED
    [6] ARRAY '(anon)' type_id=5 index_type_id=7 nr_elems=4
    [7] INT '__ARRAY_SIZE_TYPE__' size=4 bits_offset=0 nr_bits=32 encoding=(none)
    [8] VAR '_license' type_id=6, linkage=global-alloc
    [9] DATASEC '.rodata' size=0 vlen=0
    [10] DATASEC 'license' size=0 vlen=1
            type_id=8 offset=0 size=4
When loading the ./test.o to the kernel with bpftool,
we see the following error:
    libbpf: Error loading BTF: Invalid argument(22)
    libbpf: magic: 0xeb9f
    ...
    [6] ARRAY (anon) type_id=5 index_type_id=7 nr_elems=4
    [7] INT __ARRAY_SIZE_TYPE__ size=4 bits_offset=0 nr_bits=32 encoding=(none)
    [8] VAR _license type_id=6 linkage=1
    [9] DATASEC .rodata size=24 vlen=0 vlen == 0
    libbpf: Error loading .BTF into kernel: -22. BTF is optional, ignoring.

Basically, libbpf changed .rodata datasec size to 24 since elf .rodata
section size is 24. The kernel then rejected the BTF since vlen = 0.
Note that the above kernel verifier failure can be worked around with
changing local variable "fmt" to a static or global, optionally const, variable.

This patch permits a datasec with vlen = 0 in kernel.
Signed-off-by: default avatarYonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210119153519.3901963-1-yhs@fb.com
      13ca51d5
    • Alexei Starovoitov's avatar
      Merge branch 'Allow attaching to bare tracepoints' · 71ee10e2
      Alexei Starovoitov authored 
      Qais Yousef says:

====================

Changes in v3:
	* Fix not returning error value correctly in
	  trigger_module_test_write() (Yonghong)
	* Add Yonghong acked-by to patch 1.

Changes in v2:
	* Fix compilation error. (Andrii)
	* Make the new test use write() instead of read() (Andrii)

Add some missing glue logic to teach bpf about bare tracepoints - tracepoints
without any trace event associated with them.

Bare tracepoints are declare with DECLARE_TRACE(). Full tracepoints are declare
with TRACE_EVENT().

BPF can attach to these tracepoints as RAW_TRACEPOINT() only as there're no
events in tracefs created with them.
====================
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      71ee10e2
    • Qais Yousef's avatar
      selftests: bpf: Add a new test for bare tracepoints · 407be922
      Qais Yousef authored 
      Reuse module_attach infrastructure to add a new bare tracepoint to check
we can attach to it as a raw tracepoint.
Signed-off-by: default avatarQais Yousef <qais.yousef@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: default avatarYonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210119122237.2426878-3-qais.yousef@arm.com
      407be922
    • Alexei Starovoitov's avatar
      Merge branch 'bpf,x64: implement jump padding in jit' · 86e6b4e9
      Alexei Starovoitov authored 
      Gary Lin says:

====================
This patch series implements jump padding to x64 jit to cover some
corner cases that used to consume more than 20 jit passes and caused
failure.

v4:
  - Add the detailed comments about the possible padding bytes
  - Add the second test case which triggers jmp_cond padding and imm32 nop
    jmp padding.
  - Add the new test case as another subprog

v3:
  - Copy the instructions of prologue separately or the size calculation
    of the first BPF instruction would include the prologue.
  - Replace WARN_ONCE() with pr_err() and EFAULT
  - Use MAX_PASSES in the for loop condition check
  - Remove the "padded" flag from x64_jit_data. For the extra pass of
    subprogs, padding is always enabled since it won't hurt the images
    that converge without padding.
v2:
  - Simplify the sample code in the commit description and provide the
    jit code
  - Check the expected padding bytes with WARN_ONCE
  - Move the 'padded' flag to 'struct x64_jit_data'
  - Remove the EXPECTED_FAIL flag from bpf_fill_maxinsns11() in test_bpf
  - Add 2 verifier tests
====================
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
      86e6b4e9
    • Qais Yousef's avatar
      trace: bpf: Allow bpf to attach to bare tracepoints · 6939f4ef
      Qais Yousef authored 
      Some subsystems only have bare tracepoints (a tracepoint with no
associated trace event) to avoid the problem of trace events being an
ABI that can't be changed.

>From bpf presepective, bare tracepoints are what it calls
RAW_TRACEPOINT().

Since bpf assumed there's 1:1 mapping, it relied on hooking to
DEFINE_EVENT() macro to create bpf mapping of the tracepoints. Since
bare tracepoints use DECLARE_TRACE() to create the tracepoint, bpf had
no knowledge about their existence.

By teaching bpf_probe.h to parse DECLARE_TRACE() in a similar fashion to
DEFINE_EVENT(), bpf can find and attach to the new raw tracepoints.

Enabling that comes with the contract that changes to raw tracepoints
don't constitute a regression if they break existing bpf programs.
We need the ability to continue to morph and modify these raw
tracepoints without worrying about any ABI.

Update Documentation/bpf/bpf_design_QA.rst to document this contract.
Signed-off-by: default avatarQais Yousef <qais.yousef@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: default avatarYonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210119122237.2426878-2-qais.yousef@arm.com
      6939f4ef
    • Gary Lin's avatar
      selftests/bpf: Add verifier tests for x64 jit jump padding · 79d1b684
      Gary Lin authored 
      There are 3 tests added into verifier's jit tests to trigger x64
jit jump padding.

The first test can be represented as the following assembly code:

      1: bpf_call bpf_get_prandom_u32
      2: if r0 == 1 goto pc+128
      3: if r0 == 2 goto pc+128
         ...
    129: if r0 == 128 goto pc+128
    130: goto pc+128
    131: goto pc+127
         ...
    256: goto pc+2
    257: goto pc+1
    258: r0 = 1
    259: ret

We first store a random number to r0 and add the corresponding
conditional jumps (2~129) to make verifier believe that those jump
instructions from 130 to 257 are reachable. When the program is sent to
x64 jit, it starts to optimize out the NOP jumps backwards from 257.
Since there are 128 such jumps, the program easily reaches 15 passes and
triggers jump padding.

Here is the x64 jit code of the first test:

      0:    0f 1f 44 00 00          nop    DWORD PTR [rax+rax*1+0x0]
      5:    66 90                   xchg   ax,ax
      7:    55                      push   rbp
      8:    48 89 e5                mov    rbp,rsp
      b:    e8 4c 90 75 e3          call   0xffffffffe375905c
     10:    48 83 f8 01             cmp    rax,0x1
     14:    0f 84 fe 04 00 00       je     0x518
     1a:    48 83 f8 02             cmp    rax,0x2
     1e:    0f 84 f9 04 00 00       je     0x51d
      ...
     f6:    48 83 f8 18             cmp    rax,0x18
     fa:    0f 84 8b 04 00 00       je     0x58b
    100:    48 83 f8 19             cmp    rax,0x19
    104:    0f 84 86 04 00 00       je     0x590
    10a:    48 83 f8 1a             cmp    rax,0x1a
    10e:    0f 84 81 04 00 00       je     0x595
      ...
    500:    0f 84 83 01 00 00       je     0x689
    506:    48 81 f8 80 00 00 00    cmp    rax,0x80
    50d:    0f 84 76 01 00 00       je     0x689
    513:    e9 71 01 00 00          jmp    0x689
    518:    e9 6c 01 00 00          jmp    0x689
      ...
    5fe:    e9 86 00 00 00          jmp    0x689
    603:    e9 81 00 00 00          jmp    0x689
    608:    0f 1f 00                nop    DWORD PTR [rax]
    60b:    eb 7c                   jmp    0x689
    60d:    eb 7a                   jmp    0x689
      ...
    683:    eb 04                   jmp    0x689
    685:    eb 02                   jmp    0x689
    687:    66 90                   xchg   ax,ax
    689:    b8 01 00 00 00          mov    eax,0x1
    68e:    c9                      leave
    68f:    c3                      ret

As expected, a 3 bytes NOPs is inserted at 608 due to the transition
from imm32 jmp to imm8 jmp. A 2 bytes NOPs is also inserted at 687 to
replace a NOP jump.

The second test case is tricky. Here is the assembly code:

       1: bpf_call bpf_get_prandom_u32
       2: if r0 == 1 goto pc+2048
       3: if r0 == 2 goto pc+2048
       ...
    2049: if r0 == 2048 goto pc+2048
    2050: goto pc+2048
    2051: goto pc+16
    2052: goto pc+15
       ...
    2064: goto pc+3
    2065: goto pc+2
    2066: goto pc+1
       ...
       [repeat "goto pc+16".."goto pc+1" 127 times]
       ...
    4099: r0 = 2
    4100: ret

There are 4 major parts of the program.
1) 1~2049: Those are instructions to make 2050~4098 reachable. Some of
           them also could generate the padding for jmp_cond.
2) 2050: This is the target instruction for the imm32 nop jmp padding.
3) 2051~4098: The repeated "goto 1~16" instructions are designed to be
              consumed by the nop jmp optimization. In the end, those
              instrucitons become 128 continuous 0 offset jmp and are
              optimized out in 1 pass, and this make insn 2050 an imm32
              nop jmp in the next pass, so that we can trigger the
              5 bytes padding.
4) 4099~4100: Those are the instructions to end the program.

The x64 jit code is like this:

       0:       0f 1f 44 00 00          nop    DWORD PTR [rax+rax*1+0x0]
       5:       66 90                   xchg   ax,ax
       7:       55                      push   rbp
       8:       48 89 e5                mov    rbp,rsp
       b:       e8 bc 7b d5 d3          call   0xffffffffd3d57bcc
      10:       48 83 f8 01             cmp    rax,0x1
      14:       0f 84 7e 66 00 00       je     0x6698
      1a:       48 83 f8 02             cmp    rax,0x2
      1e:       0f 84 74 66 00 00       je     0x6698
      24:       48 83 f8 03             cmp    rax,0x3
      28:       0f 84 6a 66 00 00       je     0x6698
      2e:       48 83 f8 04             cmp    rax,0x4
      32:       0f 84 60 66 00 00       je     0x6698
      38:       48 83 f8 05             cmp    rax,0x5
      3c:       0f 84 56 66 00 00       je     0x6698
      42:       48 83 f8 06             cmp    rax,0x6
      46:       0f 84 4c 66 00 00       je     0x6698
      ...
    666c:       48 81 f8 fe 07 00 00    cmp    rax,0x7fe
    6673:       0f 1f 40 00             nop    DWORD PTR [rax+0x0]
    6677:       74 1f                   je     0x6698
    6679:       48 81 f8 ff 07 00 00    cmp    rax,0x7ff
    6680:       0f 1f 40 00             nop    DWORD PTR [rax+0x0]
    6684:       74 12                   je     0x6698
    6686:       48 81 f8 00 08 00 00    cmp    rax,0x800
    668d:       0f 1f 40 00             nop    DWORD PTR [rax+0x0]
    6691:       74 05                   je     0x6698
    6693:       0f 1f 44 00 00          nop    DWORD PTR [rax+rax*1+0x0]
    6698:       b8 02 00 00 00          mov    eax,0x2
    669d:       c9                      leave
    669e:       c3                      ret

Since insn 2051~4098 are optimized out right before the padding pass,
there are several conditional jumps from the first part are replaced with
imm8 jmp_cond, and this triggers the 4 bytes padding, for example at
6673, 6680, and 668d. On the other hand, Insn 2050 is replaced with the
5 bytes nops at 6693.

The third test is to invoke the first and second tests as subprogs to test
bpf2bpf. Per the system log, there was one more jit happened with only
one pass and the same jit code was produced.

v4:
  - Add the second test case which triggers jmp_cond padding and imm32 nop
    jmp padding.
  - Add the new test case as another subprog
Signed-off-by: default avatarGary Lin <glin@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAlexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210119102501.511-4-glin@suse.com
      79d1b684
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