- 25 May, 2011 40 commits
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Dave Hansen authored
I was tracking down a page allocation failure that ended up in vmalloc(). Since vmalloc() uses 0-order pages, if somebody asks for an insane amount of memory, we'll still get a warning with "order:0" in it. That's not very useful. During recovery, vmalloc() also nicely frees all of the memory that it got up to the point of the failure. That is wonderful, but it also quickly hides any issues. We have a much different sitation if vmalloc() repeatedly fails 10GB in to: vmalloc(100 * 1<<30); versus repeatedly failing 4096 bytes in to a: vmalloc(8192); This patch will print out messages that look like this: [ 68.123503] vmalloc: allocation failure, allocated 66805763 of 13426688 bytes [ 68.124218] bash: page allocation failure: order:0, mode:0xd2 [ 68.124811] Pid: 3770, comm: bash Not tainted 2.6.39-rc3-00082-g85f2e689-dirty #333 [ 68.125579] Call Trace: [ 68.125853] [<ffffffff810f6da6>] warn_alloc_failed+0x146/0x170 [ 68.126464] [<ffffffff8107e05c>] ? printk+0x6c/0x70 [ 68.126791] [<ffffffff8112b5d4>] ? alloc_pages_current+0x94/0xe0 [ 68.127661] [<ffffffff8111ed37>] __vmalloc_node_range+0x237/0x290 ... The 'order' variable is added for clarity when calling warn_alloc_failed() to avoid having an unexplained '0' as an argument. The 'tmp_mask' is because adding an open-coded '| __GFP_NOWARN' would take us over 80 columns for the alloc_pages_node() call. If we are going to add a line, it might as well be one that makes the sucker easier to read. As a side issue, I also noticed that ctl_ioctl() does vmalloc() based solely on an unverified value passed in from userspace. Granted, it's under CAP_SYS_ADMIN, but it still frightens me a bit. Signed-off-by:
Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com> Signed-off-by:
Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by:
Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Dave Hansen authored
This originally started as a simple patch to give vmalloc() some more verbose output on failure on top of the plain page allocator messages. Johannes suggested that it might be nicer to lead with the vmalloc() info _before_ the page allocator messages. But, I do think there's a lot of value in what __alloc_pages_slowpath() does with its filtering and so forth. This patch creates a new function which other allocators can call instead of relying on the internal page allocator warnings. It also gives this function private rate-limiting which separates it from other printk_ratelimit() users. Signed-off-by:
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KOSAKI Motohiro authored
cpumask_t is very big struct and cpu_vm_mask is placed wrong position. It might lead to reduce cache hit ratio. This patch has two change. 1) Move the place of cpumask into last of mm_struct. Because usually cpumask is accessed only front bits when the system has cpu-hotplug capability 2) Convert cpu_vm_mask into cpumask_var_t. It may help to reduce memory footprint if cpumask_size() will use nr_cpumask_bits properly in future. In addition, this patch change the name of cpu_vm_mask with cpu_vm_mask_var. It may help to detect out of tree cpu_vm_mask users. This patch has no functional change. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Signed-off-by:
KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Koichi Yasutake <yasutake.koichi@jp.panasonic.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com> Signed-off-by:
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Andrea Arcangeli authored
We don't need to hold the mmmap_sem through mem_cgroup_newpage_charge(), the mmap_sem is only hold for keeping the vma stable and we don't need the vma stable anymore after we return from alloc_hugepage_vma(). Signed-off-by:
Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Some of these functions have grown beyond inline sanity, move them out-of-line. Signed-off-by:
Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Requested-by:
Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Optimize the page_lock_anon_vma() fast path to be one atomic op, instead of two. Signed-off-by:
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Straightforward conversion of anon_vma->lock to a mutex. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Convert page_lock_anon_vma() over to use refcounts. This is done to prepare for the conversion of anon_vma from spinlock to mutex. Sadly this inceases the cost of page_lock_anon_vma() from one to two atomics, a follow up patch addresses this, lets keep that simple for now. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
A slightly more verbose comment to go along with the trickery in page_lock_anon_vma(). Signed-off-by:
Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Acked-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Its beyond ugly and gets in the way. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Straightforward conversion of i_mmap_lock to a mutex. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Hugh says: "The only significant loser, I think, would be page reclaim (when concurrent with truncation): could spin for a long time waiting for the i_mmap_mutex it expects would soon be dropped? " Counter points: - cpu contention makes the spin stop (need_resched()) - zap pages should be freeing pages at a higher rate than reclaim ever can I think the simplification of the truncate code is definitely worth it. Effectively reverts: 2aa15890 ("mm: prevent concurrent unmap_mapping_range() on the same inode") and takes out the code that caused its problem. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
In order to convert i_mmap_lock to a mutex we need a mutex equivalent to spin_lock_nest_lock(), thus provide the mutex_lock_nest_lock() annotation. As with spin_lock_nest_lock(), mutex_lock_nest_lock() allows annotation of the locking pattern where an outer lock serializes the acquisition order of nested locks. That is, if every time you lock multiple locks A, say A1 and A2 you first acquire N, the order of acquiring A1 and A2 is irrelevant. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Instead of using a single batch (the small on-stack, or an allocated page), try and extend the batch every time it runs out and only flush once either the extend fails or we're done. Signed-off-by:
Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk> Reviewed-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
In case other architectures require RCU freed page-tables to implement gup_fast() and software filled hashes and similar things, provide the means to do so by moving the logic into generic code. Signed-off-by:
David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Fold all the mmu_gather rework patches into one for submission Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Fix up the um mmu_gather code to conform to the new API. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Fix up the ia64 mmu_gather code to conform to the new API. Signed-off-by:
Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Fix up the sh mmu_gather code to conform to the new API. Signed-off-by:
Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Fix up the arm mmu_gather code to conform to the new API. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Adapt the stand-alone s390 mmu_gather implementation to the new preemptible mmu_gather interface. Signed-off-by:
Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Rework the sparc mmu_gather usage to conform to the new world order :-) Sparc mmu_gather does two things: - tracks vaddrs to unhash - tracks pages to free Split these two things like powerpc has done and keep the vaddrs in per-cpu data structures and flush them on context switch. The remaining bits can then use the generic mmu_gather. Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Fix up powerpc to the new mmu_gather stuff. PPC has an extra batching queue to RCU free the actual pagetable allocations, use the ARCH extentions for that for now. For the ppc64_tlb_batch, which tracks the vaddrs to unhash from the hardware hash-table, keep using per-cpu arrays but flush on context switch and use a TLF bit to track the lazy_mmu state. Signed-off-by:
Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Signed-off-by:
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Peter Zijlstra authored
Rework the existing mmu_gather infrastructure. The direct purpose of these patches was to allow preemptible mmu_gather, but even without that I think these patches provide an improvement to the status quo. The first 9 patches rework the mmu_gather infrastructure. For review purpose I've split them into generic and per-arch patches with the last of those a generic cleanup. The next patch provides generic RCU page-table freeing, and the followup is a patch converting s390 to use this. I've also got 4 patches from DaveM lined up (not included in this series) that uses this to implement gup_fast() for sparc64. Then there is one patch that extends the generic mmu_gather batching. After that follow the mm preemptibility patches, these make part of the mm a lot more preemptible. It converts i_mmap_lock and anon_vma->lock to mutexes which together with the mmu_gather rework makes mmu_gather preemptible as well. Making i_mmap_lock a mutex also enables a clean-up of the truncate code. This also allows for preemptible mmu_notifiers, something that XPMEM I think wants. Furthermore, it removes the new and universially detested unmap_mutex. This patch: Remove the first obstacle towards a fully preemptible mmu_gather. The current scheme assumes mmu_gather is always done with preemption disabled and uses per-cpu storage for the page batches. Change this to try and allocate a page for batching and in case of failure, use a small on-stack array to make some progress. Preemptible mmu_gather is desired in general and usable once i_mmap_lock becomes a mutex. Doing it before the mutex conversion saves us from having to rework the code by moving the mmu_gather bits inside the pte_lock. Also avoid flushing the tlb batches from under the pte lock, this is useful even without the i_mmap_lock conversion as it significantly reduces pte lock hold times. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment tpyo] Signed-off-by:
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Michal Hocko authored
Currently we have expand_upwards exported while expand_downwards is accessible only via expand_stack or expand_stack_downwards. check_stack_guard_page is a nice example of the asymmetry. It uses expand_stack for VM_GROWSDOWN while expand_upwards is called for VM_GROWSUP case. Let's clean this up by exporting both functions and make those names consistent. Let's use expand_{upwards,downwards} because expanding doesn't always involve stack manipulation (an example is ia64_do_page_fault which uses expand_upwards for registers backing store expansion). expand_downwards has to be defined for both CONFIG_STACK_GROWS{UP,DOWN} because get_arg_page calls the downwards version in the early process initialization phase for growsup configuration. Signed-off-by:Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Acked-by:
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Johannes Weiner authored
The vmap allocator is used to, among other things, allocate per-cpu vmap blocks, where each vmap block is naturally aligned to its own size. Obviously, leaving a guard page after each vmap area forbids packing vmap blocks efficiently and can make the kernel run out of possible vmap blocks long before overall vmap space is exhausted. The new interface to map a user-supplied page array into linear vmalloc space (vm_map_ram) insists on allocating from a vmap block (instead of falling back to a custom area) when the area size is below a certain threshold. With heavy users of this interface (e.g. XFS) and limited vmalloc space on 32-bit, vmap block exhaustion is a real problem. Remove the guard page from the core vmap allocator. vmalloc and the old vmap interface enforce a guard page on their own at a higher level. Note that without this patch, we had accidental guard pages after those vm_map_ram areas that happened to be at the end of a vmap block, but not between every area. This patch removes this accidental guard page only. If we want guard pages after every vm_map_ram area, this should be done separately. And just like with vmalloc and the old interface on a different level, not in the core allocator. Mel pointed out: "If necessary, the guard page could be reintroduced as a debugging-only option (CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC?). Otherwise it seems reasonable." Signed-off-by:
Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Acked-by:
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Dave Hansen authored
VM_BUG_ON() if effectively a BUG_ON() undef #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VM. That is exactly what we have here now, and two different folks have suggested doing it this way. Signed-off-by:
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Dave Hansen authored
Running sparse on page_alloc.c today, it errors out: include/linux/gfp.h:254:17: error: bad constant expression include/linux/gfp.h:254:17: error: cannot size expression which is a line in gfp_zone(): BUILD_BUG_ON((GFP_ZONE_BAD >> bit) & 1); That's really unfortunate, because it ends up hiding all of the other legitimate sparse messages like this: mm/page_alloc.c:5315:59: warning: incorrect type in argument 1 (different base types) mm/page_alloc.c:5315:59: expected unsigned long [unsigned] [usertype] size mm/page_alloc.c:5315:59: got restricted gfp_t [usertype] <noident> ... Having sparse be able to catch these very oopsable bugs is a lot more important than keeping a BUILD_BUG_ON(). Kill the BUILD_BUG_ON(). Compiles on x86_64 with and without CONFIG_DEBUG_VM=y. defconfig boots fine for me. Signed-off-by: -
David Rientjes authored
There's a kernel-wide shortage of per-process flags, so it's always helpful to trim one when possible without incurring a significant penalty. It's even more important when you're planning on adding a per- process flag yourself, which I plan to do shortly for transparent hugepages. PF_OOM_ORIGIN is used by ksm and swapoff to prefer current since it has a tendency to allocate large amounts of memory and should be preferred for killing over other tasks. We'd rather immediately kill the task making the errant syscall rather than penalizing an innocent task. This patch removes PF_OOM_ORIGIN since its behavior is equivalent to setting the process's oom_score_adj to OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX. The process's old oom_score_adj is stored and then set to OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX during the time it used to have PF_OOM_ORIGIN. The old value is then reinstated when the process should no longer be considered a high priority for oom killing. Signed-off-by:
David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Reviewed-by:
Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Izik Eidus <ieidus@redhat.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by:
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Andrea Arcangeli authored
It's uncertain this has been beneficial, so it's safer to undo it. All other compaction users would still go in synchronous mode if a first attempt at async compaction failed. Hopefully we don't need to force special behavior for THP (which is the only __GFP_NO_KSWAPD user so far and it's the easier to exercise and to be noticeable). This also make __GFP_NO_KSWAPD return to its original strict semantics specific to bypass kswapd, as THP allocations have khugepaged for the async THP allocations/compactions. Signed-off-by:
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KOSAKI Motohiro authored
Currently, cpu hotplug updates pcp->stat_threshold, but memory hotplug doesn't. There is no reason for this. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix CONFIG_SMP=n build] Signed-off-by:
Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Signed-off-by:
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KOSAKI Motohiro authored
Currently, memory hotplug calls setup_per_zone_wmarks() and calculate_zone_inactive_ratio(), but doesn't call setup_per_zone_lowmem_reserve(). It means the number of reserved pages aren't updated even if memory hot plug occur. This patch fixes it. Signed-off-by:
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KOSAKI Motohiro authored
Commit bce7394a ("page-allocator: reset wmark_min and inactive ratio of zone when hotplug happens") introduced invalid section references. Now, setup_per_zone_inactive_ratio() is marked __init and then it can't be referenced from memory hotplug code. This patch marks it as __meminit and also marks caller as __ref. Signed-off-by:
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KOSAKI Motohiro authored
When an oom killing occurs, almost all processes are getting stuck at the following two points. 1) __alloc_pages_nodemask 2) __lock_page_or_retry 1) is not very problematic because TIF_MEMDIE leads to an allocation failure and getting out from page allocator. 2) is more problematic. In an OOM situation, zones typically don't have page cache at all and memory starvation might lead to greatly reduced IO performance. When a fork bomb occurs, TIF_MEMDIE tasks don't die quickly, meaning that a fork bomb may create new process quickly rather than the oom-killer killing it. Then, the system may become livelocked. This patch makes the pagefault interruptible by SIGKILL. Signed-off-by:
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KOSAKI Motohiro authored
commit 2687a356 ("Add lock_page_killable") introduced killable lock_page(). Similarly this patch introdues killable wait_on_page_locked(). Signed-off-by:
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KOSAKI Motohiro authored
commit 2ac39037 ("writeback: add /sys/devices/system/node/<node>/vmstat") added vmstat entry. But strangely it only show nr_written and nr_dirtied. # cat /sys/devices/system/node/node20/vmstat nr_written 0 nr_dirtied 0 Of course, It's not adequate. With this patch, the vmstat show all vm stastics as /proc/vmstat. # cat /sys/devices/system/node/node0/vmstat nr_free_pages 899224 nr_inactive_anon 201 nr_active_anon 17380 nr_inactive_file 31572 nr_active_file 28277 nr_unevictable 0 nr_mlock 0 nr_anon_pages 17321 nr_mapped 8640 nr_file_pages 60107 nr_dirty 33 nr_writeback 0 nr_slab_reclaimable 6850 nr_slab_unreclaimable 7604 nr_page_table_pages 3105 nr_kernel_stack 175 nr_unstable 0 nr_bounce 0 nr_vmscan_write 0 nr_writeback_temp 0 nr_isolated_anon 0 nr_isolated_file 0 nr_shmem 260 nr_dirtied 1050 nr_written 938 numa_hit 962872 numa_miss 0 numa_foreign 0 numa_interleave 8617 numa_local 962872 numa_other 0 nr_anon_transparent_hugepages 0 [akpm@linux-foundation.org: no externs in .c files] Signed-off-by:
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Namhyung Kim authored
Because 'ret' is declared as int, not unsigned long, no need to cast the error contants into unsigned long. If you compile this code on a 64-bit machine somehow, you'll see following warning: CC mm/nommu.o mm/nommu.c: In function `do_mmap_pgoff': mm/nommu.c:1411: warning: overflow in implicit constant conversion Signed-off-by:Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com> Acked-by:
Greg Ungerer <gerg@uclinux.org> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Signed-off-by:
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Namhyung Kim authored
If f_op->read() fails and sysctl_nr_trim_pages > 1, there could be a memory leak between @region->vm_end and @region->vm_top. Signed-off-by:
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Namhyung Kim authored
Now we have the sorted vma list, use it in do_munmap() to check that we have an exact match. Signed-off-by:
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Namhyung Kim authored
Now we have the sorted vma list, use it in the find_vma[_exact]() rather than doing linear search on the rb-tree. Signed-off-by:
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