Pull timer fix from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A single fix for a regression introduced in 4.8 which causes the
  trace/perf clock to return random nonsense if CONFIG_DEBUG_TIMEKEEPING
  is set"

* 'timers-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  timekeeping: Fix __ktime_get_fast_ns() regression

Merge my system logging cleanups, triggered by the broken '\n' patches.

The line continuation handling has been broken basically forever, and
the code to handle the system log records was both confusing and
dubious.  And it would do entirely the wrong thing unless you always had
a terminating newline, partly because it couldn't actually see whether a
message was marked KERN_CONT or not (but partly because the LOG_CONT
handling in the recording code was rather confusing too).

This re-introduces a real semantically meaningful KERN_CONT, and fixes
the few places I noticed where it was missing.  There are probably more
missing cases, since KERN_CONT hasn't actually had any semantic meaning
for at least four years (other than the checkpatch meaning of "no log
level necessary, this is a continuation line").

This also allows the combination of KERN_CONT and a log level.  In that
case the log level will be ignored if the merging with a previous line
is successful, but if a new record is needed, that new record will now
get the right log level.

That also means that you can at least in theory combine KERN_CONT with
the "pr_info()" style helpers, although any use of pr_fmt() prefixing
would make that just result in a mess, of course (the prefix would end
up in the middle of a continuing line).

* printk-cleanups:
  printk: make reading the kernel log flush pending lines
  printk: re-organize log_output() to be more legible
  printk: split out core logging code into helper function
  printk: reinstate KERN_CONT for printing continuation lines

Pull blk-mq CPU hotplug update from Jens Axboe:
 "This is the conversion of blk-mq to the new hotplug state machine"

* 'for-4.9/block-smp' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
  blk-mq: fixup "Convert to new hotplug state machine"
  blk-mq: Convert to new hotplug state machine
  blk-mq/cpu-notif: Convert to new hotplug state machine

Pull blk-mq irq/cpu mapping updates from Jens Axboe:
 "This is the block-irq topic branch for 4.9-rc. It's mostly from
  Christoph, and it allows drivers to specify their own mappings, and
  more importantly, to share the blk-mq mappings with the IRQ affinity
  mappings. It's a good step towards making this work better out of the
  box"

* 'for-4.9/block-irq' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
  blk_mq: linux/blk-mq.h does not include all the headers it depends on
  blk-mq: kill unused blk_mq_create_mq_map()
  blk-mq: get rid of the cpumask in struct blk_mq_tags
  nvme: remove the post_scan callout
  nvme: switch to use pci_alloc_irq_vectors
  blk-mq: provide a default queue mapping for PCI device
  blk-mq: allow the driver to pass in a queue mapping
  blk-mq: remove ->map_queue
  blk-mq: only allocate a single mq_map per tag_set
  blk-mq: don't redistribute hardware queues on a CPU hotplug event

Pull device mapper updates from Mike Snitzer:

 - various fixes and cleanups for request-based DM core

 - add support for delaying the requeue of requests; used by DM
   multipath when all paths have failed and 'queue_if_no_path' is
   enabled

 - DM cache improvements to speedup the loading metadata and the writing
   of the hint array

 - fix potential for a dm-crypt crash on device teardown

 - remove dm_bufio_cond_resched() and just using cond_resched()

 - change DM multipath to return a reservation conflict error
   immediately; rather than failing the path and retrying (potentially
   indefinitely)

* tag 'dm-4.9-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/device-mapper/linux-dm: (24 commits)
  dm mpath: always return reservation conflict without failing over
  dm bufio: remove dm_bufio_cond_resched()
  dm crypt: fix crash on exit
  dm cache metadata: switch to using the new cursor api for loading metadata
  dm array: introduce cursor api
  dm btree: introduce cursor api
  dm cache policy smq: distribute entries to random levels when switching to smq
  dm cache: speed up writing of the hint array
  dm array: add dm_array_new()
  dm mpath: delay the requeue of blk-mq requests while all paths down
  dm mpath: use dm_mq_kick_requeue_list()
  dm rq: introduce dm_mq_kick_requeue_list()
  dm rq: reduce arguments passed to map_request() and dm_requeue_original_request()
  dm rq: add DM_MAPIO_DELAY_REQUEUE to delay requeue of blk-mq requests
  dm: convert wait loops to use autoremove_wake_function()
  dm: use signal_pending_state() in dm_wait_for_completion()
  dm: rename task state function arguments
  dm: add two lockdep_assert_held() statements
  dm rq: simplify dm_old_stop_queue()
  dm mpath: check if path's request_queue is dying in activate_path()
  ...

Pull main rdma updates from Doug Ledford:
 "This is the main pull request for the rdma stack this release.  The
  code has been through 0day and I had it tagged for linux-next testing
  for a couple days.

  Summary:

   - updates to mlx5

   - updates to mlx4 (two conflicts, both minor and easily resolved)

   - updates to iw_cxgb4 (one conflict, not so obvious to resolve,
     proper resolution is to keep the code in cxgb4_main.c as it is in
     Linus' tree as attach_uld was refactored and moved into
     cxgb4_uld.c)

   - improvements to uAPI (moved vendor specific API elements to uAPI
     area)

   - add hns-roce driver and hns and hns-roce ACPI reset support

   - conversion of all rdma code away from deprecated
     create_singlethread_workqueue

   - security improvement: remove unsafe ib_get_dma_mr (breaks lustre in
     staging)"

* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dledford/rdma: (75 commits)
  staging/lustre: Disable InfiniBand support
  iw_cxgb4: add fast-path for small REG_MR operations
  cxgb4: advertise support for FR_NSMR_TPTE_WR
  IB/core: correctly handle rdma_rw_init_mrs() failure
  IB/srp: Fix infinite loop when FMR sg[0].offset != 0
  IB/srp: Remove an unused argument
  IB/core: Improve ib_map_mr_sg() documentation
  IB/mlx4: Fix possible vl/sl field mismatch in LRH header in QP1 packets
  IB/mthca: Move user vendor structures
  IB/nes: Move user vendor structures
  IB/ocrdma: Move user vendor structures
  IB/mlx4: Move user vendor structures
  IB/cxgb4: Move user vendor structures
  IB/cxgb3: Move user vendor structures
  IB/mlx5: Move and decouple user vendor structures
  IB/{core,hw}: Add constant for node_desc
  ipoib: Make ipoib_warn ratelimited
  IB/mlx4/alias_GUID: Remove deprecated create_singlethread_workqueue
  IB/ipoib_verbs: Remove deprecated create_singlethread_workqueue
  IB/ipoib: Remove deprecated create_singlethread_workqueue
  ...

Pull more rdma updates from Doug Ledford:
 "Minor updates for rxe driver"

[ Starting to do merge window pulls again - the current -git tree does
  appear to have some netfilter use-after-free issues, but I've sent
  off the report to the proper channels, and I don't want to delay merge
  window activity any more ]

* tag 'for-linus-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dledford/rdma:
  IB/rxe: improved debug prints & code cleanup
  rdma_rxe: Ensure rdma_rxe init occurs at correct time
  IB/rxe: Properly honor max IRD value for rd/atomic.
  IB/{rxe,core,rdmavt}: Fix kernel crash for reg MR
  IB/rxe: Fix sending out loopback packet on netdev interface.
  IB/rxe: Avoid scheduling tasklet for userspace QP

That will mean that any possible subsequent continuation will now be
broken up onto a line of its own (since reading the log has finalized
the beginning og the line), but if user space has activated system
logging (or if there's a kernel message dump going on) that is the right
thing to do.

And now that we actually get the continuation flags _right_ for this
all, the user space logger that is reading the kernel messages can
actually see the continuation marker.  Not that anybody seems to really
bother with it (or care), but in theory user space can do its own
message stitching.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Avoid some duplicate logic now that we can return early, and update the
comments for the new LOG_CONT world order.

This also stops the continuation flushing from just using random record
flags for the flushing action, instead taking the flags from the proper
original line and updating them as we add continuations to it.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The code that actually decides how to log the message (whether to put it
directly into the record log, whether to append it to an existing
buffered log, or whether to start a new buffered log) is fairly
non-obvious code in the middle of the vprintk_emit() function.

Splitting that code up into a helper function makes it easier to
understand, but perhaps more importantly also allows for the code to
just return early out of the helper function once it has made the
decision about where the new log content goes.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Long long ago the kernel log buffer was a buffered stream of bytes, very
much like stdio in user space.  It supported log levels by scanning the
stream and noticing the log level markers at the beginning of each line,
but if you wanted to print a partial line in multiple chunks, you just
did multiple printk() calls, and it just automatically worked.

Except when it didn't, and you had very confusing output when different
lines got all mixed up with each other.  Then you got fragment lines
mixing with each other, or with non-fragment lines, because it was
traditionally impossible to tell whether a printk() call was a
continuation or not.

To at least help clarify the issue of continuation lines, we added a
KERN_CONT marker back in 2007 to mark continuation lines:

  47492527 ("printk: add KERN_CONT annotation").

That continuation marker was initially an empty string, and didn't
actuall make any semantic difference.  But it at least made it possible
to annotate the source code, and have check-patch notice that a printk()
didn't need or want a log level marker, because it was a continuation of
a previous line.

To avoid the ambiguity between a continuation line that had that
KERN_CONT marker, and a printk with no level information at all, we then
in 2009 made KERN_CONT be a real log level marker which meant that we
could now reliably tell the difference between the two cases.

  5fd29d6c ("printk: clean up handling of log-levels and newlines")

and we could take advantage of that to make sure we didn't mix up
continuation lines with lines that just didn't have any loglevel at all.

Then, in 2012, the kernel log buffer was changed to be a "record" based
log, where each line was a record that has a loglevel and a timestamp.

You can see the beginning of that conversion in commits

  e11fea92 ("kmsg: export printk records to the /dev/kmsg interface")
  7ff9554b ("printk: convert byte-buffer to variable-length record buffer")

with a number of follow-up commits to fix some painful fallout from that
conversion.  Over all, it took a couple of months to sort out most of
it.  But the upside was that you could have concurrent readers (and
writers) of the kernel log and not have lines with mixed output in them.

And one particular pain-point for the record-based kernel logging was
exactly the fragmentary lines that are generated in smaller chunks.  In
order to still log them as one recrod, the continuation lines need to be
attached to the previous record properly.

However the explicit continuation record marker that is actually useful
for this exact case was actually removed in aroundm the same time by commit

  61e99ab8 ("printk: remove the now unnecessary "C" annotation for KERN_CONT")

due to the incorrect belief that KERN_CONT wasn't meaningful.  The
ambiguity between "is this a continuation line" or "is this a plain
printk with no log level information" was reintroduced, and in fact
became an even bigger pain point because there was now the whole
record-level merging of kernel messages going on.

This patch reinstates the KERN_CONT as a real non-empty string marker,
so that the ambiguity is fixed once again.

But it's not a plain revert of that original removal: in the four years
since we made KERN_CONT an empty string again, not only has the format
of the log level markers changed, we've also had some usage changes in
this area.

For example, some ACPI code seems to use KERN_CONT _together_ with a log
level, and now uses both the KERN_CONT marker and (for example) a
KERN_INFO marker to show that it's an informational continuation of a
line.

Which is actually not a bad idea - if the continuation line cannot be
attached to its predecessor, without the log level information we don't
know what log level to assign to it (and we traditionally just assigned
it the default loglevel).  So having both a log level and the KERN_CONT
marker is not necessarily a bad idea, but it does mean that we need to
actually iterate over potentially multiple markers, rather than just a
single one.

Also, since KERN_CONT was still conceptually needed, and encouraged, but
didn't actually _do_ anything, we've also had the reverse problem:
rather than having too many annotations it has too few, and there is bit
rot with code that no longer marks the continuation lines with the
KERN_CONT marker.

So this patch not only re-instates the non-empty KERN_CONT marker, it
also fixes up the cases of bit-rot I noticed in my own logs.

There are probably other cases where KERN_CONT will be needed to be
added, either because it is new code that never dealt with the need for
KERN_CONT, or old code that has bitrotted without anybody noticing.

That said, we should strive to avoid the need for KERN_CONT.  It does
result in real problems for logging, and should generally not be seen as
a good feature.  If we some day can get rid of the feature entirely,
because nobody does any fragmented printk calls, that would be lovely.

But until that point, let's at mark the code that relies on the hacky
multi-fragment kernel printk's.  Not only does it avoid the ambiguity,
it also annotates code as "maybe this would be good to fix some day".

(That said, particularly during single-threaded bootup, the downsides of
KERN_CONT are very limited.  Things get much hairier when you have
multiple threads going on and user level reading and writing logs too).
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Merge updates from Andrew Morton:

 - fsnotify updates

 - ocfs2 updates

 - all of MM

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (127 commits)
  console: don't prefer first registered if DT specifies stdout-path
  cred: simpler, 1D supplementary groups
  CREDITS: update Pavel's information, add GPG key, remove snail mail address
  mailmap: add Johan Hovold
  .gitattributes: set git diff driver for C source code files
  uprobes: remove function declarations from arch/{mips,s390}
  spelling.txt: "modeled" is spelt correctly
  nmi_backtrace: generate one-line reports for idle cpus
  arch/tile: adopt the new nmi_backtrace framework
  nmi_backtrace: do a local dump_stack() instead of a self-NMI
  nmi_backtrace: add more trigger_*_cpu_backtrace() methods
  min/max: remove sparse warnings when they're nested
  Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt: add more description for maps/smaps
  mm, proc: fix region lost in /proc/self/smaps
  proc: fix timerslack_ns CAP_SYS_NICE check when adjusting self
  proc: add LSM hook checks to /proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns
  proc: relax /proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns capability requirements
  meminfo: break apart a very long seq_printf with #ifdefs
  seq/proc: modify seq_put_decimal_[u]ll to take a const char *, not char
  proc: faster /proc/*/status
  ...

Pull ARM SoC late DT updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "These updates have been kept in a separate branch mostly because they
  rely on updates to the respective clk drivers to keep the shared
  header files in sync.

   - The Renesas r8a7796 (R-Car M3-W) platform gets added, this is an
     automotive SoC similar to the ⅹ8a7795 chip we already support, but
     the dts changes rely on a clock driver change that has been merged
     for v4.9 through the clk tree.

   - The Amlogic meson-gxbb (S905) platform gains support for a few
     drivers merged through our tree, in particular the network and usb
     driver changes are required and included here, and also the clk
     tree changes.

   - The Allwinner platforms have seen a large-scale change to their clk
     drivers and the dts file updates must come after that. This
     includes the newly added Nextthing GR8 platform, which is derived
     from sun5i/A13.

   - Some integrator (arm32) changes rely on clk driver changes.

   - A single patch for lpc32xx has no such dependency but wasn't added
     until just before the merge window"

* tag 'armsoc-late' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (99 commits)
  ARM: dts: lpc32xx: add device node for IRAM on-chip memory
  ARM: dts: sun8i: Add accelerometer to polaroid-mid2407pxe03
  ARM: dts: sun8i: enable UART1 for iNet D978 Rev2 board
  ARM: dts: sun8i: add pinmux for UART1 at PG
  dts: sun8i-h3: add I2C0-2 peripherals to H3 SOC
  dts: sun8i-h3: add pinmux definitions for I2C0-2
  dts: sun8i-h3: associate exposed UARTs on Orange Pi Boards
  dts: sun8i-h3: split off RTS/CTS for UART1 in seperate pinmux
  dts: sun8i-h3: add pinmux definitions for UART2-3
  ARM: dts: sun9i: a80-optimus: Disable EHCI1
  ARM: dts: sun9i: cubieboard4: Add AXP806 PMIC device node and regulators
  ARM: dts: sun9i: a80-optimus: Add AXP806 PMIC device node and regulators
  ARM: dts: sun9i: cubieboard4: Declare AXP809 SW regulator as unused
  ARM: dts: sun9i: a80-optimus: Declare AXP809 SW regulator as unused
  ARM: dts: sun8i: Add touchscreen node for sun8i-a33-ga10h
  ARM: dts: sun8i: Add touchscreen node for sun8i-a23-polaroid-mid2809pxe04
  ARM: dts: sun8i: Add touchscreen node for sun8i-a23-polaroid-mid2407pxe03
  ARM: dts: sun8i: Add touchscreen node for sun8i-a23-inet86dz
  ARM: dts: sun8i: Add touchscreen node for sun8i-a23-gt90h
  ARM64: dts: meson-gxbb-vega-s95: Enable USB Nodes
  ...

Pull ARM 64-bit DT updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "The 64-bit DT changes are surprisingly small this time, we only add
  two SoC platforms: the ZTE ZX296718 Set-top-box SoC and the SocioNext
  UniPhier LD11 TV SoC, each with their reference boards.

  There are three new machines added for existing SoC platforms:

   - The Marvell Armada 8040 development board is an impressive
     quad-core Cortex-A72 machine with three 10gbit ethernet interfaces

   - Qualcomms DragonBoard 820c single-board computer is their current
     high-end phone platform in the 96boards form factor

   - Rockchip: Tronsmart Orion r86 set-top-box is a popular mid-range
     Android box based on the 8-core rk3368 SoC"

* tag 'armsoc-dt64' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (91 commits)
  arm64: dts: berlin4ct: Add L2 cache topology
  arm64: dts: berlin4ct: enable all wdt nodes unconditionally
  arm64: dts: berlin4ct: switch to Cortex-A53 specific pmu nodes
  arm64: dts: Add ZTE ZX296718 SoC dts and Makefile
  arm64: dts: apm: Add DT node for APM X-Gene 2 CPU clocks
  arm64: dts: apm: Add X-Gene SoC hwmon to device tree
  arm64: dts: apm: Fix interrupt polarity for X-Gene PCIe legacy interrupts
  arm64: dts: apm: Add APM X-Gene v2 SoC PMU DTS entries
  arm64: dts: apm: Add APM X-Gene SoC PMU DTS entries
  arm64: dts: marvell: enable MSI for PCIe on Armada 7K/8K
  arm64: dts: ls2080a: Add 'dma-coherent' for ls2080a PCI nodes
  arm64: dts: rockchip: add Type-C phy for RK3399
  arm64: dts: rockchip: enable the gmac for rk3399 evb board
  arm64: dts: rockchip: add the gmac needed node for rk3399
  arm64: dts: rockchip: support the pmu node for rk3399
  arm64: dts: rockchip: change all interrupts cells to 4 on rk3399 SoCs
  arm64: dts: rockchip: add the tcpc for rk3399 power domain
  arm64: dts: rockchip: add efuse0 device node for rk3399
  arm64: dts: rockchip: configure PCIe support for rk3399-evb
  arm64: dts: rockchip: add the PCIe controller support for RK3399
  ...

Pull ARM DT updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "These are as usual a very large number of mostly boring updates to
  enable devices in existing machines, or to fix minor bugs. Notably, an
  ongoing treewide effort to fix warnings caused by an update to the
  device tree compiler. These are enabled with "make W=1" at the moment
  but can hopefully become the default once all issues have been
  addressed.

  No new SoC platform is added this time around (Armada 395 and Orion
  mv88f5181 are slight variations of existing ones), but a significant
  number of new dts files are added, which I list by platform:

   - Allwinner: Empire Electronix M712 and iNet d978 Rev2 tablets,
     Orange Pi PC Plus, Orange Pi 2, Orange Pi Plus 2E, Orange Pi Lite,
     Olimex A33-Olinuxino, and Nano Pi Neo single-board computers

   - ARM Realview: all supported machines (ported from board files)

   - Broadcom: BCM958525er, BCM958522er, BCM988312hr, BCM958623hr and
     BCM958622hr reference boards for Northstar platform, Raspberry Pi
     Zero single-board computer

   - Marvell EBU: Netgear WNR854T router (ported from board file),
     Armada 395 SoC platform and GP board Armada 390 DB development
     board

   - NXP i.MX: imx7s Warp7 reference board, Gateworks Ventana GW553x
     single-board computer, Technologic Systems TS-4900 and Engicam
     IMX6UL GEA M6UL computer-on-module, Inverse Path USB armory board

   - Qualcomm: LG Nexus 5 Phone

   - Renesas: r8a7792/wheat and r7s72100/rskrza1 development boards

   - Rockchip: Rockchip RK3288 Fennec reference board, Firefly RK3288
     Reload platform

   - ST Microelectronics STi: B2260 (96boards) single-board computer

   - TI Davinci: OMAP-L138 LCDK Development kit

   - TI OMAP: beagleboard-x15 rev B1 single-board computer"

* tag 'armsoc-dt' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (390 commits)
  ARM: dts: sony-nsz-gs7: add missing unit name to /memory node
  ARM: dts: chromecast: add missing unit name to /memory node
  ARM: dts: berlin2q-marvell-dmp: add missing unit name to /memory node
  ARM: dts: berlin2: Add missing unit name to /soc node
  ARM: dts: berlin2cd: Add missing unit name to /soc node
  ARM: dts: berlin2q: Add missing unit name to /soc node
  ARM: dts: berlin2: Remove skeleton.dtsi inclusion
  ARM: dts: berlin2cd: Remove skeleton.dtsi inclusion
  ARM: dts: berlin2q: Remove skeleton.dtsi inclusion
  arm: dts: berlin2q: enable all wdt nodes unconditionally
  arm: dts: berlin2: enable all wdt nodes unconditionally
  ARM: dts: omap5-igep0050.dts: Use tabs for indentation
  ARM: dts: Fix igepv5 power button GPIO direction
  ARM: dts: am335x-evmsk: Add blue-and-red-wiring -property to lcdc node
  ARM: dts: am335x-evmsk: Whitespace cleanup of lcdc related nodes
  ARM: dts: am335x-evm: Add blue-and-red-wiring -property to lcdc node
  ARM: dts: s3c64xx: Use macros for pinctrl configuration
  ARM: dts: s3c2416: Use macros for pinctrl configuration
  ARM: dts: s5pv210: Use macros for pinctrl configuration
  ARM: dts: s3c64xx: Use common macros for pinctrl configuration
  ...

Pull ARM SoC driver updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "Driver updates for ARM SoCs, including a couple of newly added
  drivers:

   - The Qualcomm external bus interface 2 (EBI2), used in some of their
     mobile phone chips for connecting flash memory, LCD displays or
     other peripherals

   - Secure monitor firmware for Amlogic SoCs, and an NVMEM driver for
     the EFUSE based on that firmware interface.

   - Perf support for the AppliedMicro X-Gene performance monitor unit

   - Reset driver for STMicroelectronics STM32

   - Reset driver for SocioNext UniPhier SoCs

  Aside from these, there are minor updates to SoC-specific bus,
  clocksource, firmware, pinctrl, reset, rtc and pmic drivers"

* tag 'armsoc-drivers' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (50 commits)
  bus: qcom-ebi2: depend on HAS_IOMEM
  pinctrl: mvebu: orion5x: Generalise mv88f5181l support for 88f5181
  clk: mvebu: Add clk support for the orion5x SoC mv88f5181
  dt-bindings: EXYNOS: Add Exynos5433 PMU compatible
  clocksource: exynos_mct: Add the support for ARM64
  perf: xgene: Add APM X-Gene SoC Performance Monitoring Unit driver
  Documentation: Add documentation for APM X-Gene SoC PMU DTS binding
  MAINTAINERS: Add entry for APM X-Gene SoC PMU driver
  bus: qcom: add EBI2 driver
  bus: qcom: add EBI2 device tree bindings
  rtc: rtc-pm8xxx: Add support for pm8018 rtc
  nvmem: amlogic: Add Amlogic Meson EFUSE driver
  firmware: Amlogic: Add secure monitor driver
  soc: qcom: smd: Reset rx tail rather than tx
  memory: atmel-sdramc: fix a possible NULL dereference
  reset: hi6220: allow to compile test driver on other architectures
  reset: zynq: add driver Kconfig option
  reset: sunxi: add driver Kconfig option
  reset: stm32: add driver Kconfig option
  reset: socfpga: add driver Kconfig option
  ...

Pull ARM SoC 64-bit updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "Changes to platform code for 64-bit ARM platforms.

  Nearly all of these are defconfig updates to enable new drivers or old
  drivers still used on these 64-bit platforms.

  Aside from that, we gain initial support for two set-top-box
  platforms, both of which already have 32-bit support in arch/arm:

   - Broadcom adds abstract support for the bcm7xxx/brcmstb platform,
     presumably the respective dts files and more information will
     follow at a later point.

   - The ZTE ZX296718 SoC for set-top-boxes, a relative of the 32-bit
     ZX296702 SoC that we already support"

* tag 'armsoc-arm64' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
  arm64: add ZTE ZX SoC family
  arm64: defconfig: enable ZTE ZX related config
  arm64: defconfig: enable common modules for power management
  arm64: defconfig: enable meson I2C
  arm64: defconfig: enable meson SPI as module
  arm64: defconfig: enable meson WDT as modules
  arm64: defconfig: enable HW random as module
  arm64: defconfig: Enable SDHI and GPIO_REGULATOR
  arm64: configs: enable PCIe driver for Aardvark
  Kconfig: ARCH_HISI: Add PINCTRL to HISI platform
  arm64: defconfig: enable bluetooth supports as modules
  arm64: defconfig: enable CONFIG_INPUT_HISI_POWERKEY for HiKey
  arm64: defconfig: Enable HiSilicon kirin drm, adv7533 for HiKey
  arm64: defconfig: Enable Hisi SAS and HNS
  arm64: defconfig: Enable QDF2432 config options
  arm64: sunxi: Kconfig: add essential pinctrl driver
  arm64: defconfig: Add Renesas R-Car HSUSB driver support as module
  arm64: Add Broadcom Set Top Box Kconfig entry point
  arm64: defconfig: enable xhci-platform

Pull ARM SoC defconfig updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "Defconfig additions, removals, etc. Most of these are small changes
  adding the options for newly upstreamed drivers, or drivers needed for
  new board support. Nothing specifically sticks out this time"

* tag 'armsoc-defconfig' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (25 commits)
  ARM: multi_v7_defconfig: enable CONFIG_EFI
  ARM: multi_v7_defconfig: Build Atmel maXTouch driver as a module
  ARM: defconfig: update the Integrator defconfig
  ARM: keystone: defconfig: Fix USB configuration
  ARM: imx_v6_v7_defconfig: Select the wm8960 codec driver
  ARM: omap2plus_defconfig: switch to the IIO BMP085 driver
  ARM: mvebu_v5_defconfig: use MV88E6XXX
  ARM: davinci_all_defconfig: Enable some UBI modules
  ARM: davinci_all_defconfig: Enable AEMIF as a module
  ARM: multi_v7_defconfig: Enable SECCOMP
  ARM: exynos_defconfig: Enable SECCOMP
  ARM: imx_v6_v7_defconfig: Add CONFIG_MPL3115
  ARM: imx_v6_v7_defconfig: Enable GPU support
  ARM: s3c2410_defconfig: Remove CONFIG_IPV6_PRIVACY
  ARM: exynos_defconfig: Enable PM_DEBUG
  ARM: exynos_defconfig: Enable bus frequency scaling with devfreq
  ARM: imx_v6_v7_defconfig: enable more USB configurations
  ARM: davinci_all_defconfig: enable SMSC ethernet PHY
  ARM: davinci_all_defconfig: enable RTC driver as module
  ARM: multi_v7_defconfig: Enable ARM_IMX6Q_CPUFREQ
  ...

Pull ARM SoC platform updates from Arnd Bergmann:
 "These are updates for platform specific code on 32-bit ARM machines,
  essentially anything that can not (yet) be expressed using DT files.

  Noteworthy changes include:

   - We get support for running in big-endian mode on two platforms:
     sunxi (Allwinner) and s3c24xx (old Samsung).

   - The recently added Uniphier platform now uses standard PSCI methods
     for SMP booting and we remove support for old bootloader versions
     that did not support it yet.

   - In sunxi, we gain support for the "Nextthing GR8" SoC, which is a
     close relative of the Allwinner A13 and R8 chips.

   - PXA completes its move over to the generic dmaengine framework and
     removes its old private API

   - mach-bcm gains support for BCM47189/BCM53573, their first ARM SoC
     with integrated 802.11ac wireless networking"

* tag 'armsoc-soc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (54 commits)
  ARM: imx legacy: pca100: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: mx27ads: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: mx21ads: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: pcm043: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: mx35-3ds: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: mx27-3ds: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: imx27-visstrim-m10: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: vpr200: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: mx31moboard: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: armadillo5x0: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: qong: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: mx31-3ds: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: pcm037: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: mx31lilly: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: mx31ads: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: mx31lite: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  ARM: imx legacy: kzm: move peripheral initialization to .init_late
  MAINTAINERS: update list of Oxnas maintainers
  ARM: orion5x: remove extraneous NO_IRQ
  ARM: orion: simplify orion_ge00_switch_init
  ...

Pull ARM SoC cleanups from Arnd Bergmann:
 "The cleanups for v4.9 are a little larger that usual, but thankfully
  that is almost exclusively due to removing a significant number of
  files that have become obsolete after the still ongoing conversion of
  old board files to devicetree.

   - for mach-omap2, which is still the largest platform in arch/arm/,
     the conversion to DT is finally complete after the Nokia N900 is
     now fully supported there, along with the omap3 LDP, and we can
     remove those two board files. If no regressions are found, another
     large cleanup for the platform will happen as a follow-up, removing
     dead code and restructuring the platform based on being DT-only.

   - In mach-imx, similar work is ongoing, but has not come that far.
     This time, we remove the obsolete board file for the i.MX1
     generation, which like i.MX25, i.MX5, i.MX6, and i.MX7 is now
     DT-only. The remaining board files are for i.MX2 and i.MX3 machines
     based on old ARM926 or ARM1136 cores that should work with DT in
     principle.

   - realview has just been converted from board files to DT, and a lot
     of code gets removed in the process. This is the last
     ARM/Keil/Versatile derived platform that was still using board
     files, the other ones being integrator, versatile and vexpress. We
     can probably merge the remaining code into a single directory in
     the near future.

   - clps711x had completed the conversion in v4.8, but we accidentally
     left the files in place that should have been deleted then"

* tag 'armsoc-cleanup' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (21 commits)
  ARM: select PCI_DOMAINS config from ARCH_MULTIPLATFORM
  ARM: stop *MIGHT_HAVE_PCI* config from being selected redundantly
  ARM: imx: (trivial) fix typo and grammar
  ARM: clps711x: remove extraneous files
  ARM: imx: use IS_ENABLED() instead of checking for built-in or module
  ARM: OMAP2+: use IS_ENABLED() instead of checking for built-in or module
  ARM: OMAP1: use IS_ENABLED() instead of checking for built-in or module
  ARM: imx: remove platform-mxc_rnga
  ARM: realview: imply device tree boot
  ARM: realview: no need to select SMP_ON_UP explicitly
  ARM: realview: delete the RealView board files
  ARM: imx: no need to select SMP_ON_UP explicitly
  ARM: i.MX: Move SOC_IMX1 into 'Device tree only'
  ARM: i.MX: Remove i.MX1 non-DT support
  ARM: i.MX: Remove i.MX1 Synertronixx SCB9328 board support
  ARM: i.MX: Remove i.MX1 Armadeus APF9328 board support
  ARM: mxs: remove obsolete startup code for TX28
  ARM: i.MX31 iomux: remove duplicates with alternate name
  ARM: i.MX31 iomux: remove plain duplicates
  ARM: OMAP2+: Drop legacy board file for LDP
  ...

Pull parisc updates from Helge Deller:
 "Changes include:

   - Fix boot of 32bit SMP kernel (initial kernel mapping was too small)

   - Added hardened usercopy checks

   - Drop bootmem and switch to memblock and NO_BOOTMEM implementation

   - Drop the BROKEN_RODATA config option (and thus remove the relevant
     code from the generic headers and files because parisc was the last
     architecture which used this config option)

   - Improve segfault reporting by printing human readable error strings

   - Various smaller changes, e.g. dwarf debug support for assembly
     code, update comments regarding copy_user_page_asm, switch to
     kmalloc_array()"

* 'parisc-4.9-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/deller/parisc-linux:
  parisc: Increase KERNEL_INITIAL_SIZE for 32-bit SMP kernels
  parisc: Drop bootmem and switch to memblock
  parisc: Add hardened usercopy feature
  parisc: Add cfi_startproc and cfi_endproc to assembly code
  parisc: Move hpmc stack into page aligned bss section
  parisc: Fix self-detected CPU stall warnings on Mako machines
  parisc: Report trap type as human readable string
  parisc: Update comment regarding implementation of copy_user_page_asm
  parisc: Use kmalloc_array() in add_system_map_addresses()
  parisc: Check return value of smp_boot_one_cpu()
  parisc: Drop BROKEN_RODATA config option

Pull avr32 update from Hans-Christian Noren Egtvedt.

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/egtvedt/linux-avr32:
  avr32: migrate exception table users off module.h and onto extable.h

Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:
 "Highlights:
   - Major rework of Book3S 64-bit exception vectors (Nicholas Piggin)
   - Use gas sections for arranging exception vectors et. al.
   - Large set of TM cleanups and selftests (Cyril Bur)
   - Enable transactional memory (TM) lazily for userspace (Cyril Bur)
   - Support for XZ compression in the zImage wrapper (Oliver
     O'Halloran)
   - Add support for bpf constant blinding (Naveen N. Rao)
   - Beginnings of upstream support for PA Semi Nemo motherboards
     (Darren Stevens)

  Fixes:
   - Ensure .mem(init|exit).text are within _stext/_etext (Michael
     Ellerman)
   - xmon: Don't use ld on 32-bit (Michael Ellerman)
   - vdso64: Use double word compare on pointers (Anton Blanchard)
   - powerpc/nvram: Fix an incorrect partition merge (Pan Xinhui)
   - powerpc: Fix usage of _PAGE_RO in hugepage (Christophe Leroy)
   - powerpc/mm: Update FORCE_MAX_ZONEORDER range to allow hugetlb w/4K
     (Aneesh Kumar K.V)
   - Fix memory leak in queue_hotplug_event() error path (Andrew
     Donnellan)
   - Replay hypervisor maintenance interrupt first (Nicholas Piggin)

  Various performance optimisations (Anton Blanchard):
   - Align hot loops of memset() and backwards_memcpy()
   - During context switch, check before setting mm_cpumask
   - Remove static branch prediction in atomic{, 64}_add_unless
   - Only disable HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS on POWER7 little
     endian
   - Set default CPU type to POWER8 for little endian builds

  Cleanups & features:
   - Sparse fixes/cleanups (Daniel Axtens)
   - Preserve CFAR value on SLB miss caused by access to bogus address
     (Paul Mackerras)
   - Radix MMU fixups for POWER9 (Aneesh Kumar K.V)
   - Support for setting used_(vsr|vr|spe) in sigreturn path (for CRIU)
     (Simon Guo)
   - Optimise syscall entry for virtual, relocatable case (Nicholas
     Piggin)
   - Optimise MSR handling in exception handling (Nicholas Piggin)
   - Support for kexec with Radix MMU (Benjamin Herrenschmidt)
   - powernv EEH fixes (Russell Currey)
   - Suprise PCI hotplug support for powernv (Gavin Shan)
   - Endian/sparse fixes for powernv PCI (Gavin Shan)
   - Defconfig updates (Anton Blanchard)
   - KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Migrate pinned pages out of CMA (Balbir Singh)
   - cxl: Flush PSL cache before resetting the adapter (Frederic Barrat)
   - cxl: replace loop with for_each_child_of_node(), remove unneeded
     of_node_put() (Andrew Donnellan)
   - Fix HV facility unavailable to use correct handler (Nicholas
     Piggin)
   - Remove unnecessary syscall trampoline (Nicholas Piggin)
   - fadump: Fix build break when CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE=n (Michael
     Ellerman)
   - Quieten EEH message when no adapters are found (Anton Blanchard)
   - powernv: Add PHB register dump debugfs handle (Russell Currey)
   - Use kprobe blacklist for exception handlers & asm functions
     (Nicholas Piggin)
   - Document the syscall ABI (Nicholas Piggin)
   - MAINTAINERS: Update cxl maintainers (Michael Neuling)
   - powerpc: Remove all usages of NO_IRQ (Michael Ellerman)

  Minor cleanups:
   - Andrew Donnellan, Christophe Leroy, Colin Ian King, Cyril Bur,
     Frederic Barrat, Pan Xinhui, PrasannaKumar Muralidharan, Rui Teng,
     Simon Guo"

* tag 'powerpc-4.9-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (156 commits)
  powerpc/bpf: Add support for bpf constant blinding
  powerpc/bpf: Implement support for tail calls
  powerpc/bpf: Introduce accessors for using the tmp local stack space
  powerpc/fadump: Fix build break when CONFIG_PROC_VMCORE=n
  powerpc: tm: Enable transactional memory (TM) lazily for userspace
  powerpc/tm: Add TM Unavailable Exception
  powerpc: Remove do_load_up_transact_{fpu,altivec}
  powerpc: tm: Rename transct_(*) to ck(\1)_state
  powerpc: tm: Always use fp_state and vr_state to store live registers
  selftests/powerpc: Add checks for transactional VSXs in signal contexts
  selftests/powerpc: Add checks for transactional VMXs in signal contexts
  selftests/powerpc: Add checks for transactional FPUs in signal contexts
  selftests/powerpc: Add checks for transactional GPRs in signal contexts
  selftests/powerpc: Check that signals always get delivered
  selftests/powerpc: Add TM tcheck helpers in C
  selftests/powerpc: Allow tests to extend their kill timeout
  selftests/powerpc: Introduce GPR asm helper header file
  selftests/powerpc: Move VMX stack frame macros to header file
  selftests/powerpc: Rework FPU stack placement macros and move to header file
  selftests/powerpc: Check for VSX preservation across userspace preemption
  ...

If a device tree specifies a preferred device for kernel console output
via the stdout-path or linux,stdout-path chosen node properties or the
stdout alias then the kernel ought to honor it & output the kernel
console to that device.  As it stands, this isn't the case.  Whilst we
parse the stdout-path properties & set an of_stdout variable from
of_alias_scan(), and use that from of_console_check() to determine
whether to add a console device as a preferred console whilst
registering it, we also prefer the first registered console if no other
has been selected at the time of its registration.

This means that if a console other than the one the device tree selects
via stdout-path is registered first, we will switch to using it & when
the stdout-path console is later registered the call to
add_preferred_console() via of_console_check() is too late to do
anything useful.  In practice this seems to mean that we switch to the
dummy console device fairly early & see no further console output:

    Console: colour dummy device 80x25
    console [tty0] enabled
    bootconsole [ns16550a0] disabled

Fix this by not automatically preferring the first registered console if
one is specified by the device tree.  This allows consoles to be
registered but not enabled, and once the driver for the console selected
by stdout-path calls of_console_check() the driver will be added to the
list of preferred consoles before any other console has been enabled.
When that console is then registered via register_console() it will be
enabled as expected.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160809151937.26118-1-paul.burton@imgtec.comSigned-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: Ivan Delalande <colona@arista.com>
Cc: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: Frank Rowand <frowand.list@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Current supplementary groups code can massively overallocate memory and
is implemented in a way so that access to individual gid is done via 2D
array.

If number of gids is <= 32, memory allocation is more or less tolerable
(140/148 bytes).  But if it is not, code allocates full page (!)
regardless and, what's even more fun, doesn't reuse small 32-entry
array.

2D array means dependent shifts, loads and LEAs without possibility to
optimize them (gid is never known at compile time).

All of the above is unnecessary.  Switch to the usual
trailing-zero-len-array scheme.  Memory is allocated with
kmalloc/vmalloc() and only as much as needed.  Accesses become simpler
(LEA 8(gi,idx,4) or even without displacement).

Maximum number of gids is 65536 which translates to 256KB+8 bytes.  I
think kernel can handle such allocation.

On my usual desktop system with whole 9 (nine) aux groups, struct
group_info shrinks from 148 bytes to 44 bytes, yay!

Nice side effects:

 - "gi->gid[i]" is shorter than "GROUP_AT(gi, i)", less typing,

 - fix little mess in net/ipv4/ping.c
   should have been using GROUP_AT macro but this point becomes moot,

 - aux group allocation is persistent and should be accounted as such.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160817201927.GA2096@p183.telecom.bySigned-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Vasily Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161003082312.GA20634@amdSigned-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add two entries to map to my primary address.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473850348-19177-1-git-send-email-johan@kernel.orgSigned-off-by: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Git can be told to apply language-specific rules when generating diffs.
Enable this for C source code files (*.c and *.h) so that function names
are printed right.  Specifically, doing so prevents "git diff" from
mistakenly considering unindented goto labels as function names.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160907143403.1449324f@endymionSigned-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The declarations of arch-specific functions have been moved to a common
header in commit 3820b4d2 ('uprobes: Move function declarations out
of arch'), but MIPS and S390 has added them to their own trees later.
Remove the unnecessary duplicates.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472804384-17830-1-git-send-email-marcin.nowakowski@imgtec.comSigned-off-by: Marcin Nowakowski <marcin.nowakowski@imgtec.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

No need to correct the correct.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472490791.3425.38.camel@perches.comSigned-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When doing an nmi backtrace of many cores, most of which are idle, the
output is a little overwhelming and very uninformative.  Suppress
messages for cpus that are idling when they are interrupted and just
emit one line, "NMI backtrace for N skipped: idling at pc 0xNNN".

We do this by grouping all the cpuidle code together into a new
.cpuidle.text section, and then checking the address of the interrupted
PC to see if it lies within that section.

This commit suitably tags x86 and tile idle routines, and only adds in
the minimal framework for other architectures.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-5-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.comSigned-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm]
Tested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Previously tile was rolling its own method of capturing backtrace data
in the NMI handlers, but it was relying on running printk() from the NMI
handler, which is not always safe.  So adopt the nmi_backtrace model
(with the new cpumask extension) instead.

So we can call the nmi_backtrace code directly from the nmi handler,
move the nmi_enter()/exit() into the top-level tile NMI handler.

The semantics of the routine change slightly since it is now synchronous
with the remote cores completing the backtraces.  Previously it was
asynchronous, but with protection to avoid starting a new remote
backtrace if the old one was still in progress.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-4-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.comSigned-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm]
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently on arm there is code that checks whether it should call
dump_stack() explicitly, to avoid trying to raise an NMI when the
current context is not preemptible by the backtrace IPI.  Similarly, the
forthcoming arch/tile support uses an IPI mechanism that does not
support generating an NMI to self.

Accordingly, move the code that guards this case into the generic
mechanism, and invoke it unconditionally whenever we want a backtrace of
the current cpu.  It seems plausible that in all cases, dump_stack()
will generate better information than generating a stack from the NMI
handler.  The register state will be missing, but that state is likely
not particularly helpful in any case.

Or, if we think it is helpful, we should be capturing and emitting the
current register state in all cases when regs == NULL is passed to
nmi_cpu_backtrace().

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-3-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.comSigned-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm]
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "improvements to the nmi_backtrace code" v9.

This patch series modifies the trigger_xxx_backtrace() NMI-based remote
backtracing code to make it more flexible, and makes a few small
improvements along the way.

The motivation comes from the task isolation code, where there are
scenarios where we want to be able to diagnose a case where some cpu is
about to interrupt a task-isolated cpu.  It can be helpful to see both
where the interrupting cpu is, and also an approximation of where the
cpu that is being interrupted is.  The nmi_backtrace framework allows us
to discover the stack of the interrupted cpu.

I've tested that the change works as desired on tile, and build-tested
x86, arm, mips, and sparc64.  For x86 I confirmed that the generic
cpuidle stuff as well as the architecture-specific routines are in the
new cpuidle section.  For arm, mips, and sparc I just build-tested it
and made sure the generic cpuidle routines were in the new cpuidle
section, but I didn't attempt to figure out which the platform-specific
idle routines might be.  That might be more usefully done by someone
with platform experience in follow-up patches.

This patch (of 4):

Currently you can only request a backtrace of either all cpus, or all
cpus but yourself.  It can also be helpful to request a remote backtrace
of a single cpu, and since we want that, the logical extension is to
support a cpumask as the underlying primitive.

This change modifies the existing lib/nmi_backtrace.c code to take a
cpumask as its basic primitive, and modifies the linux/nmi.h code to use
the new "cpumask" method instead.

The existing clients of nmi_backtrace (arm and x86) are converted to
using the new cpumask approach in this change.

The other users of the backtracing API (sparc64 and mips) are converted
to use the cpumask approach rather than the all/allbutself approach.
The mips code ignored the "include_self" boolean but with this change it
will now also dump a local backtrace if requested.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-2-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.comSigned-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm]
Reviewed-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently, when min/max are nested within themselves, sparse will warn:

    warning: symbol '_min1' shadows an earlier one
    originally declared here
    warning: symbol '_min1' shadows an earlier one
    originally declared here
    warning: symbol '_min2' shadows an earlier one
    originally declared here

This also immediately happens when min3() or max3() are used.

Since sparse implements __COUNTER__, we can use __UNIQUE_ID() to
generate unique variable names, avoiding this.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1471519773-29882-1-git-send-email-johannes@sipsolutions.netSigned-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add some more description on the limitations for smaps/maps readings, as
well as some guaruntees we can make.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475296958-27652-2-git-send-email-robert.hu@intel.comSigned-off-by: Robert Ho <robert.hu@intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Xiao Guangrong <guangrong.xiao@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Robert Hu <robert.hu@intel.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@kernel.org>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Recently, Redhat reported that nvml test suite failed on QEMU/KVM,
more detailed info please refer to:

   https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1365721

Actually, this bug is not only for NVDIMM/DAX but also for any other
file systems.  This simple test case abstracted from nvml can easily
reproduce this bug in common environment:

-------------------------- testcase.c -----------------------------

int
is_pmem_proc(const void *addr, size_t len)
{
        const char *caddr = addr;

        FILE *fp;
        if ((fp = fopen("/proc/self/smaps", "r")) == NULL) {
                printf("!/proc/self/smaps");
                return 0;
        }

        int retval = 0;         /* assume false until proven otherwise */
        char line[PROCMAXLEN];  /* for fgets() */
        char *lo = NULL;        /* beginning of current range in smaps file */
        char *hi = NULL;        /* end of current range in smaps file */
        int needmm = 0;         /* looking for mm flag for current range */
        while (fgets(line, PROCMAXLEN, fp) != NULL) {
                static const char vmflags[] = "VmFlags:";
                static const char mm[] = " wr";

                /* check for range line */
                if (sscanf(line, "%p-%p", &lo, &hi) == 2) {
                        if (needmm) {
                                /* last range matched, but no mm flag found */
                                printf("never found mm flag.\n");
                                break;
                        } else if (caddr < lo) {
                                /* never found the range for caddr */
                                printf("#######no match for addr %p.\n", caddr);
                                break;
                        } else if (caddr < hi) {
                                /* start address is in this range */
                                size_t rangelen = (size_t)(hi - caddr);

                                /* remember that matching has started */
                                needmm = 1;

                                /* calculate remaining range to search for */
                                if (len > rangelen) {
                                        len -= rangelen;
                                        caddr += rangelen;
                                        printf("matched %zu bytes in range "
                                                "%p-%p, %zu left over.\n",
                                                        rangelen, lo, hi, len);
                                } else {
                                        len = 0;
                                        printf("matched all bytes in range "
                                                        "%p-%p.\n", lo, hi);
                                }
                        }
                } else if (needmm && strncmp(line, vmflags,
                                        sizeof(vmflags) - 1) == 0) {
                        if (strstr(&line[sizeof(vmflags) - 1], mm) != NULL) {
                                printf("mm flag found.\n");
                                if (len == 0) {
                                        /* entire range matched */
                                        retval = 1;
                                        break;
                                }
                                needmm = 0;     /* saw what was needed */
                        } else {
                                /* mm flag not set for some or all of range */
                                printf("range has no mm flag.\n");
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }

        fclose(fp);

        printf("returning %d.\n", retval);
        return retval;
}

void *Addr;
size_t Size;

/*
 * worker -- the work each thread performs
 */
static void *
worker(void *arg)
{
        int *ret = (int *)arg;
        *ret =  is_pmem_proc(Addr, Size);
        return NULL;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        if (argc <  2 || argc > 3) {
                printf("usage: %s file [env].\n", argv[0]);
                return -1;
        }

        int fd = open(argv[1], O_RDWR);

        struct stat stbuf;
        fstat(fd, &stbuf);

        Size = stbuf.st_size;
        Addr = mmap(0, stbuf.st_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);

        close(fd);

        pthread_t threads[NTHREAD];
        int ret[NTHREAD];

        /* kick off NTHREAD threads */
        for (int i = 0; i < NTHREAD; i++)
                pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, worker, &ret[i]);

        /* wait for all the threads to complete */
        for (int i = 0; i < NTHREAD; i++)
                pthread_join(threads[i], NULL);

        /* verify that all the threads return the same value */
        for (int i = 1; i < NTHREAD; i++) {
                if (ret[0] != ret[i]) {
                        printf("Error i %d ret[0] = %d ret[i] = %d.\n", i,
                                ret[0], ret[i]);
                }
        }

        printf("%d", ret[0]);
        return 0;
}

It failed as some threads can not find the memory region in
"/proc/self/smaps" which is allocated in the main process

It is caused by proc fs which uses 'file->version' to indicate the VMA that
is the last one has already been handled by read() system call. When the
next read() issues, it uses the 'version' to find the VMA, then the next
VMA is what we want to handle, the related code is as follows:

        if (last_addr) {
                vma = find_vma(mm, last_addr);
                if (vma && (vma = m_next_vma(priv, vma)))
                        return vma;
        }

However, VMA will be lost if the last VMA is gone, e.g:

The process VMA list is A->B->C->D

CPU 0                                  CPU 1
read() system call
   handle VMA B
   version = B
return to userspace

                                   unmap VMA B

issue read() again to continue to get
the region info
   find_vma(version) will get VMA C
   m_next_vma(C) will get VMA D
   handle D
   !!! VMA C is lost !!!

In order to fix this bug, we make 'file->version' indicate the end address
of the current VMA.  m_start will then look up a vma which with vma_start
< last_vm_end and moves on to the next vma if we found the same or an
overlapping vma.  This will guarantee that we will not miss an exclusive
vma but we can still miss one if the previous vma was shrunk.  This is
acceptable because guaranteeing "never miss a vma" is simply not feasible.
User has to cope with some inconsistencies if the file is not read in one
go.

[mhocko@suse.com: changelog fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475296958-27652-1-git-send-email-robert.hu@intel.comAcked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Xiao Guangrong <guangrong.xiao@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Robert Hu <robert.hu@intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@kernel.org>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In changing from checking ptrace_may_access(p, PTRACE_MODE_ATTACH_FSCREDS)
to capable(CAP_SYS_NICE), I missed that ptrace_my_access succeeds when p
== current, but the CAP_SYS_NICE doesn't.

Thus while the previous commit was intended to loosen the needed
privileges to modify a processes timerslack, it needlessly restricted a
task modifying its own timerslack via the proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns
(which is permitted also via the PR_SET_TIMERSLACK method).

This patch corrects this by checking if p == current before checking the
CAP_SYS_NICE value.

This patch applies on top of my two previous patches currently in -mm

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1471906870-28624-1-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.orgSigned-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Oren Laadan <orenl@cellrox.com>
Cc: Ruchi Kandoi <kandoiruchi@google.com>
Cc: Rom Lemarchand <romlem@android.com>
Cc: Todd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Shmidt <dimitrysh@google.com>
Cc: Elliott Hughes <enh@google.com>
Cc: Android Kernel Team <kernel-team@android.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

As requested, this patch checks the existing LSM hooks
task_getscheduler/task_setscheduler when reading or modifying the task's
timerslack value.

Previous versions added new get/settimerslack LSM hooks, but since they
checked the same PROCESS__SET/GETSCHED values as existing hooks, it was
suggested we just use the existing ones.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1469132667-17377-2-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.orgSigned-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Oren Laadan <orenl@cellrox.com>
Cc: Ruchi Kandoi <kandoiruchi@google.com>
Cc: Rom Lemarchand <romlem@android.com>
Cc: Todd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Shmidt <dimitrysh@google.com>
Cc: Elliott Hughes <enh@google.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Android Kernel Team <kernel-team@android.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When an interface to allow a task to change another tasks timerslack was
first proposed, it was suggested that something greater then
CAP_SYS_NICE would be needed, as a task could be delayed further then
what normally could be done with nice adjustments.

So CAP_SYS_PTRACE was adopted instead for what became the
/proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns interface.  However, for Android (where this
feature originates), giving the system_server CAP_SYS_PTRACE would allow
it to observe and modify all tasks memory.  This is considered too high
a privilege level for only needing to change the timerslack.

After some discussion, it was realized that a CAP_SYS_NICE process can
set a task as SCHED_FIFO, so they could fork some spinning processes and
set them all SCHED_FIFO 99, in effect delaying all other tasks for an
infinite amount of time.

So as a CAP_SYS_NICE task can already cause trouble for other tasks,
using it as a required capability for accessing and modifying
/proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns seems sufficient.

Thus, this patch loosens the capability requirements to CAP_SYS_NICE and
removes CAP_SYS_PTRACE, simplifying some of the code flow as well.

This is technically an ABI change, but as the feature just landed in
4.6, I suspect no one is yet using it.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1469132667-17377-1-git-send-email-john.stultz@linaro.orgSigned-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Oren Laadan <orenl@cellrox.com>
Cc: Ruchi Kandoi <kandoiruchi@google.com>
Cc: Rom Lemarchand <romlem@android.com>
Cc: Todd Kjos <tkjos@google.com>
Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Cc: Nick Kralevich <nnk@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Shmidt <dimitrysh@google.com>
Cc: Elliott Hughes <enh@google.com>
Cc: Android Kernel Team <kernel-team@android.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>