Call mark_buffer_dirty() for segment summary and super root block buffers
on the backing device's page cache, thereby indirectly calling
inode_attach_wb().

Then remove the no longer needed call to inode_attach_wb() in
nilfs_attach_log_writer(), resolving the concern about its layer-violating
use.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240610160029.7673-3-konishi.ryusuke@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "nilfs2: eliminate the call to inode_attach_wb()".

This series eliminates the inode_attach_wb() call from nilfs2, which was
introduced as a workaround for a kernel bug but is suspected of layer
violation (in fact, it is undesirable since it exposes a reference to the
backing device).

Removal of the inode_attach_wb() call is done by simply using
mark_buffer_dirty() on the backing device's buffers.  To use it safely,
this series will prepare it in patch 1/2, and perform the replacement
itself in patch 2/2.


This patch (of 2):

In preparation for inode_attach_wb(), which is currently called when
attaching the log writer, to be done via mark_buffer_dirty(), change the
order of preparation for log writing.

Specifically, the function call that adds checksums to segment summary and
super root blocks, which correspond to the log header and trailer, is made
before starting writeback of folios containing those blocks.

The current steps are as follows:

1. Put the folios of segment summary blocks in writeback state.
2. Put the folios of data blocks, metadata file blocks, and btree node
   blocks (collectively called payload blocks) into writeback state.
3. Put the super root block folio in writeback state.
4. Add checksums.

Change these as follows:

1. Put the folios of payload blocks in writeback state.
2. Add checksums.
3. Put the folios of segment summary blocks in writeback state.
4. Put the super root block folio in writeback state.

In this order, the contents of segment summaries and super root block
that directly use buffer/folio of the backing device can be determined
including the addition of checksums, before preparing to write.

Step (1), which puts the payload block folios in writeback state, is
performed first because if there are memory-mapped data blocks, a valid
checksum can only be calculated after step (1).

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240610160029.7673-2-konishi.ryusuke@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

ida_alloc() and ida_free() should be preferred to the deprecated
ida_simple_get() and ida_simple_remove().

Note that the upper limit of ida_simple_get() is exclusive, but the one of
ida_alloc_max() is inclusive. So a -1 has been added when needed.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ae10003feb87d240163d0854de95f09e1f00be7d.1717855701.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.frSigned-off-by: Christophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Alistar Popple <alistair@popple.id.au>
Cc: Christian Gromm <christian.gromm@microchip.com>
Cc: Eddie James <eajames@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
Cc: Joel Stanley <joel@jms.id.au>
Cc: Parthiban Veerasooran <parthiban.veerasooran@microchip.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

ida_alloc() and ida_free() should be preferred to the deprecated
ida_simple_get() and ida_simple_remove().

This is less verbose.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ddbb2e3f249ba90417dc7ab01713faa1091fb44c.1717855701.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.frSigned-off-by: Christophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Acked-by: Parthiban Veerasooran <parthiban.veerasooran@microchip.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Alistar Popple <alistair@popple.id.au>
Cc: Christian Gromm <christian.gromm@microchip.com>
Cc: Eddie James <eajames@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
Cc: Joel Stanley <joel@jms.id.au>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "Remove usage of the deprecated ida_simple_xx() API".

The series removes the *last* usages of the deprecated ida_simple_xx() API.


This patch (of 3):

ida_alloc() and ida_free() should be preferred to the deprecated
ida_simple_get() and ida_simple_remove().

Note that the upper limit of ida_simple_get() is exclusive, but the one of
ida_alloc_range() is inclusive.  So, this upper limit, INT_MAX, should
have been changed to INT_MAX-1.

But, it is likely that the INT_MAX 'idx' is valid that the max value passed
to ida_simple_get() should have been 0.

So, allow this INT_MAX 'idx' value now.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/cover.1717855701.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/8e28b0c45fe8f28ca4475fe0027f8099c41259f0.1717855701.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.frSigned-off-by: Christophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr>
Reviewed-by: Eddie James <eajames@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Alistar Popple <alistair@popple.id.au>
Cc: Christian Gromm <christian.gromm@microchip.com>
Cc: Jeremy Kerr <jk@ozlabs.org>
Cc: Joel Stanley <joel@jms.id.au>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Parthiban Veerasooran <Parthiban.Veerasooran@microchip.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Following warning is reported, so remove these duplicated header
including:

./kernel/crash_reserve.c: linux/kexec.h is included more than once.

This is just a clean code, no logic changed.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240606091427.3512314-1-haowenchao22@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Wenchao Hao <haowenchao22@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

/proc/${pid}/status got Kthread field recently.

Test that userspace program is not reported as kernel thread.

Test that kernel thread is reported as kernel thread.
Use kthreadd with pid 2 for this.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/818c4c41-8668-4566-97a9-7254abf819ee@p183Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Chunguang Wu <fullspring2018@gmail.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

PANIC_TIMEOUT can also be controlled with the panic= kernel command line
option and the file /proc/sys/kernel/panic.  Let's document both of these
in the Kconfig help text.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240607152443.925168-1-bmasney@redhat.comSigned-off-by: Brian Masney <bmasney@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Javier Martinez Canillas <javierm@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

make allmodconfig && make W=1 C=1 reports:
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/test_linear_ranges.o

Add the missing invocation of the MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macro.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240531-md-lib-test_linear_ranges-v1-1-053a1aad37c6@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Matti Vaittinen <mazziesaccount@gmail.com>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

make allmodconfig && make W=1 C=1 reports:
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/test_kmod.o

Add the missing invocation of the MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macro.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240531-md-lib-test_kmod-v1-1-fdf11bc6095e@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Reviewed-by: Lucas De Marchi <lucas.demarchi@intel.com>
Cc: Luis Chamberlain <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

make allmodconfig && make W=1 C=1 reports:
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/siphash_kunit.o

Add the missing invocation of the MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macro.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240531-md-lib-siphash_kunit-v1-1-38688065b796@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Cc: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

make allmodconfig && make W=1 C=1 reports:
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/test_uuid.o

Add the missing invocation of the MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macro.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240531-md-lib-test_uuid-v1-1-67fa498104c0@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Acked-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

make allmodconfig && make W=1 C=1 reports for lib/*kunit:
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/bitfield_kunit.o
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/checksum_kunit.o
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/cmdline_kunit.o
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/is_signed_type_kunit.o
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/overflow_kunit.o
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/stackinit_kunit.o

Add the missing invocations of the MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macro.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240601-md-lib-kunit-tests-v1-1-4493fe0032b9@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

make allmodconfig && make W=1 C=1 reports:
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/asn1_encoder.o

Add the missing invocation of the MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macro.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240601-md-lib-asn1_encoder-v1-1-8c634ed2d2e8@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

make allmodconfig && make W=1 C=1 reports for lib/*_test.ko:
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/atomic64_test.o
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/hashtable_test.o

Add the missing invocations of the MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macro.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240601-md-lib-test2-v1-1-be764b785f17@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

make allmodconfig && make W=1 C=1 reports:
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/memcpy_kunit.o
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/fortify_kunit.o

Add the missing invocations of the MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macro.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240531-md-lib-fortify_source-v1-1-2c37f7fbaafc@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

With nearly 20 taint flags and respective characters, it's getting a bit
difficult to remember what each taint flag character means.  Add verbose
logging of the set taints in the format:

Tainted: [P]=PROPRIETARY_MODULE, [W]=WARN

in dump_stack_print_info() when there are taints.

Note that the "negative flag" G is not included.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/7321e306166cb2ca2807ab8639e665baa2462e9c.1717146197.git.jani.nikula@intel.comSigned-off-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Make it easier to extend struct taint_flags in follow-up.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/8a2498285d37953cfad9dce939ed3abef61051bd.1717146197.git.jani.nikula@intel.comSigned-off-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Convert print_tainted() to use struct seq_buf internally in order to be
more aware of the buffer constraints as well as make it easier to extend
in follow-up work.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/cb6006fa7c0f82a6b6885e8eea2920fcdc4fc9d0.1717146197.git.jani.nikula@intel.comSigned-off-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Reduce indent to make follow-up changes slightly easier on the eyes.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/01d6c03de1c9d1b52b59c652a3704a0a9886ed63.1717146197.git.jani.nikula@intel.comSigned-off-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

make allmodconfig && make W=1 C=1 reports:
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/ts_kmp.o
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/ts_bm.o
WARNING: modpost: missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() in lib/ts_fsm.o

Add the missing invocations of the MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macro.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240531-lib-ts-v1-1-03d7f3546c49@quicinc.comSigned-off-by: Jeff Johnson <quic_jjohnson@quicinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Since cond_resched() is not called in userspace, remove the redundant code
in userspace's list_sort() implementation.  This change eliminates the
unused 'count' variable and the associated logic for invoking cmp()
periodically, which was intended to trigger cond_resched() in kernel
space.

The removed code includes:
- Declaration and increment of the 'count' variable.
- Conditional invocation of cmp() based on 'count'.

This cleanup simplifies merge_final(), avoids unnecessary overhead, and
has no impact on the functionality of list_sort() in userspace.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240525230206.1077536-1-visitorckw@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Kuan-Wei Chiu <visitorckw@gmail.com>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Ching-Chun (Jim) Huang <jserv@ccns.ncku.edu.tw>
Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Kan Liang <kan.liang@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

There exists an iteration over a plist in plist_check_list(), and memory
dependency exists between variables "prev", "next" and "prev->next".  As
plist is used in the scheduling subsystem, we should guarantee the memory
ordering between multiple processors.

Using macro "WRITE_ONCE()" can help us to ensure the memory ordering as
it was stated in "Documentation/memory-barriers.txt".

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240526140139.17220-1-richard120310@gmail.comSigned-off-by: I Hsin Cheng <richard120310@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Add several new test cases which assert corner cases on the eventfd
mechanism, for example, the supplied buffer is less than 8 bytes,
attempting to write a value that is too large, etc.

	./eventfd_test
	# Starting 9 tests from 1 test cases.
	#  RUN           global.eventfd_check_flag_rdwr ...
	#            OK  global.eventfd_check_flag_rdwr
	ok 1 global.eventfd_check_flag_rdwr
	#  RUN           global.eventfd_check_flag_cloexec ...
	#            OK  global.eventfd_check_flag_cloexec
	ok 2 global.eventfd_check_flag_cloexec
	#  RUN           global.eventfd_check_flag_nonblock ...
	#            OK  global.eventfd_check_flag_nonblock
	ok 3 global.eventfd_check_flag_nonblock
	#  RUN           global.eventfd_chek_flag_cloexec_and_nonblock ...
	#            OK  global.eventfd_chek_flag_cloexec_and_nonblock
	ok 4 global.eventfd_chek_flag_cloexec_and_nonblock
	#  RUN           global.eventfd_check_flag_semaphore ...
	#            OK  global.eventfd_check_flag_semaphore
	ok 5 global.eventfd_check_flag_semaphore
	#  RUN           global.eventfd_check_write ...
	#            OK  global.eventfd_check_write
	ok 6 global.eventfd_check_write
	#  RUN           global.eventfd_check_read ...
	#            OK  global.eventfd_check_read
	ok 7 global.eventfd_check_read
	#  RUN           global.eventfd_check_read_with_nonsemaphore ...
	#            OK  global.eventfd_check_read_with_nonsemaphore
	ok 8 global.eventfd_check_read_with_nonsemaphore
	#  RUN           global.eventfd_check_read_with_semaphore ...
	#            OK  global.eventfd_check_read_with_semaphore
	ok 9 global.eventfd_check_read_with_semaphore
	# PASSED: 9 / 9 tests passed.
	# Totals: pass:9 fail:0 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240527000200.5615-1-wen.yang@linux.devSigned-off-by: Wen Yang <wen.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrei Vagin <avagin@google.com>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Tim Bird <tim.bird@sony.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Interrupt disable/enable trips are quite expensive on x86-64 compared to a
mere cmpxchg (note: no lock prefix!) and percpu counters are used quite
often.

With this change I get a bump of 1% ops/s for negative path lookups,
plugged into will-it-scale:

void testcase(unsigned long long *iterations, unsigned long nr)
{
        while (1) {
                int fd = open("/tmp/nonexistent", O_RDONLY);
                assert(fd == -1);

                (*iterations)++;
        }
}

The win would be higher if it was not for other slowdowns, but one has
to start somewhere.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240528204257.434817-1-mjguzik@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Mateusz Guzik <mjguzik@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

When building with clang, via:

    make LLVM=1 -C tools/testing/selftest

...clang warns about several cases of using a signed integer for the
priority argument to mq_receive(3), which expects an unsigned int.

Fix this by declaring the type as unsigned int in all cases.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240527200835.143682-1-jhubbard@nvidia.comSigned-off-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum@collabora.com>
Cc: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Cc: Valentin Obst <kernel@valentinobst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

The addition of an if statement in lib/sort to handle the final unsorted 2
or 3 elements is not covered by existing test cases, leading to incomplete
test coverage.  To ensure comprehensive testing and maintain 100% code
coverage, add a new testcase for scenarios where the if statement is
triggered.

Since the if statement is only triggered when the array length is odd and
the first element is greater than the second element, a testcase is
created using an array length of TEST_LEN - 1 and a suitable random seed
to maintain full code coverage.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240527203011.1644280-5-visitorckw@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Kuan-Wei Chiu <visitorckw@gmail.com>
Cc: Ching-Chun (Jim) Huang <jserv@ccns.ncku.edu.tw>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

After building the heap, the code continuously pops two elements from the
heap until only 2 or 3 elements remain, at which point it switches back to
a regular heapsort with one element popped at a time.  However, to handle
the final 2 or 3 elements, an additional else-if statement in the while
loop was introduced, potentially increasing branch misses.  Moreover, when
there are only 2 or 3 elements left, continuing with regular heapify
operations is unnecessary as these cases are simple enough to be handled
with a single comparison and 1 or 2 swaps outside the while loop.

Eliminating the additional else-if statement and directly managing cases
involving 2 or 3 elements outside the loop reduces unnecessary conditional
branches resulting from the numerous loops and conditionals in heapify.

This optimization maintains consistent numbers of comparisons and swaps
for arrays with even lengths while reducing swaps and comparisons for
arrays with odd lengths from 2.5 swaps and 1 comparison to 1.5 swaps and 1
comparison.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240527203011.1644280-4-visitorckw@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Kuan-Wei Chiu <visitorckw@gmail.com>
Cc: Ching-Chun (Jim) Huang <jserv@ccns.ncku.edu.tw>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

The existing comment in lib/sort refers to glibc qsort() using quicksort. 
However, glibc qsort() no longer uses quicksort; it now uses mergesort and
falls back to heapsort if memory allocation for mergesort fails.  This
makes the comment outdated and incorrect.

Update the comment to refer to quicksort in general rather than glibc's
implementation to provide accurate information about the comparisons and
trade-offs without implying an outdated implementation.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240527203011.1644280-3-visitorckw@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Kuan-Wei Chiu <visitorckw@gmail.com>
Cc: Ching-Chun (Jim) Huang <jserv@ccns.ncku.edu.tw>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "lib/sort: Optimizations and cleanups".

This patch series optimizes the handling of the last 2 or 3 elements in
lib/sort and adds a testcase in lib/test_sort to maintain 100% code
coverage reflecting this change.  Additionally, it corrects outdated
descriptions regarding glibc qsort() and removes the unused pr_fmt macro.


This patch (of 4):

The pr_fmt macro is defined but not used in lib/sort.c.  Since there are
no pr_* functions printing any messages, the pr_fmt macro is redundant and
can be safely removed.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240527203011.1644280-1-visitorckw@gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240527203011.1644280-2-visitorckw@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Kuan-Wei Chiu <visitorckw@gmail.com>
Cc: Ching-Chun (Jim) Huang <jserv@ccns.ncku.edu.tw>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Now that cpumask types are split out to a separate smaller header, many
frequently included core headers may switch to using it.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240528005648.182376-7-yury.norov@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Cc: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@gmail.com>
Cc: Anna-Maria Behnsen <anna-maria@linutronix.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Many core headers include cpumask.h for nothing. Drop it.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240528005648.182376-6-yury.norov@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Cc: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@gmail.com>
Cc: Anna-Maria Behnsen <anna-maria@linutronix.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

sched.h needs cpumask.h mostly for types declaration.  Now that we have
cpumask_types.h, which is a significantly smaller header, we can rely on
it.

The only exception is UP stub for set_cpus_allowed_ptr().  The function
needs to test bit #0 in a @new_mask, which can be trivially opencoded.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240528005648.182376-5-yury.norov@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Cc: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@gmail.com>
Cc: Anna-Maria Behnsen <anna-maria@linutronix.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Many core headers, like sched.h, include cpumask.h mostly for struct
cpumask and cpumask_var_t.  Those are frequently used headers and
shouldn't pull more than the bare minimum.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240528005648.182376-4-yury.norov@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Cc: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@gmail.com>
Cc: Anna-Maria Behnsen <anna-maria@linutronix.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

<linux/sched.h> indirectly via cpumask.h path includes the ilog2.h header
to calculate ilog2(TASK_REPORT_MAX).  The following patches drops sched.h
dependency on cpumask.h, and to have a successful build, the header has to
be included explicitly.

sched.h is a frequently included header, and it's better to keep the
dependency list as small as possible.  So, instead of including ilog2.h
for a single BUILD_BUG_ON() check, the same check may be implemented by
taking exponent of the other part of equation.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240528005648.182376-3-yury.norov@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Cc: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@gmail.com>
Cc: Anna-Maria Behnsen <anna-maria@linutronix.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "Cleanup cpumask.h inclusion in core headers".

Many core headers include linux/cpumask.h for nothing, and some others
include it just for types.  We already have nodemask_types.h, and this
series adds cpumask_types.h to optimize core headers inclusion paths.

Interestingly, it doesn't improve on build time for me, but the headers
cleanup work should keep going.


This patch (of 6):

Commit bea32141 ("nodemask: Split out include/linux/nodemask_types.h")
added the nodemask_types.h but didn't cover it with corresponding record
in the MAINTAINERS file.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240528005648.182376-1-yury.norov@gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240528005648.182376-2-yury.norov@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Yury Norov <yury.norov@gmail.com>
Cc: Amit Daniel Kachhap <amit.kachhap@gmail.com>
Cc: Anna-Maria Behnsen <anna-maria@linutronix.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael@kernel.org> # for thermal
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ulf Hansson <ulf.hansson@linaro.org>
Cc: Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@linaro.org>
Cc: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Cc: Yury Norov <yury.norov@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Sometimes there are special characters around module names in stack
traces, such as ARM32 with BACKTRACE_VERBOSE in "(%pS)" format, such as:
[<806e4845>] (dump_stack_lvl) from [<7f806013>] (hello_init+0x13/0x1000
[test])

In this case, $module will be "[test])", the trace can be decoded by
stripping the right parenthesis first: (dump_stack_lvl) from hello_init
(/foo/test.c:10) test.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524042600.14738-3-xndchn@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Xiong Nandi <xndchn@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Elliot Berman <quic_eberman@quicinc.com>
Cc: Bjorn Andersson <quic_bjorande@quicinc.com>
Cc: Carlos Llamas <cmllamas@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Patch series "scripts/decode_stacktrace.sh: better support to ARM32".


This patch (of 2):

Since System.map is generated by cross-compile nm tool, we should use it here
too. Otherwise host nm may not recognize ARM Thumb-2 instruction address well.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524042600.14738-1-xndchn@gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524042600.14738-2-xndchn@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Xiong Nandi <xndchn@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Elliot Berman <quic_eberman@quicinc.com>
Cc: Bjorn Andersson <quic_bjorande@quicinc.com>
Cc: Carlos Llamas <cmllamas@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Drop the heap-related macros from bcachefs and replacing them with the
generic min_heap implementation from include/linux.  By doing so, code
readability is improved by using functions instead of macros.  Moreover,
the min_heap implementation in include/linux adopts a bottom-up variation
compared to the textbook version currently used in bcachefs.  This
bottom-up variation allows for approximately 50% reduction in the number
of comparison operations during heap siftdown, without changing the number
of swaps, thus making it more efficient.

[visitorckw@gmail.com: fix missing assignment of minimum element]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240602174828.1955320-1-visitorckw@gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/ioyfizrzq7w7mjrqcadtzsfgpuntowtjdw5pgn4qhvsdp4mqqg@nrlek5vmisbu
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524152958.919343-17-visitorckw@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Kuan-Wei Chiu <visitorckw@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Acked-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme@gmail.com>
Cc: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Cc: Ching-Chun (Jim) Huang <jserv@ccns.ncku.edu.tw>
Cc: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Matthew Sakai <msakai@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

Drop the heap-related macros from bcache and replacing them with the
generic min_heap implementation from include/linux.  By doing so, code
readability is improved by using functions instead of macros.  Moreover,
the min_heap implementation in include/linux adopts a bottom-up variation
compared to the textbook version currently used in bcache.  This bottom-up
variation allows for approximately 50% reduction in the number of
comparison operations during heap siftdown, without changing the number of
swaps, thus making it more efficient.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/ioyfizrzq7w7mjrqcadtzsfgpuntowtjdw5pgn4qhvsdp4mqqg@nrlek5vmisbu
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240524152958.919343-16-visitorckw@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Kuan-Wei Chiu <visitorckw@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Acked-by: Coly Li <colyli@suse.de>
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme@gmail.com>
Cc: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com>
Cc: Ching-Chun (Jim) Huang <jserv@ccns.ncku.edu.tw>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Matthew Sakai <msakai@redhat.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>