We currently parse the command non-destructively, to avoid having to
allocate memory for a copy before passing it to the standard parsing
routines that are used by the core kernel, and which modify the input
to delineate the parsed tokens with NUL characters.

Instead, we call strstr() and strncmp() to go over the input multiple
times, and match prefixes rather than tokens, which implies that we
would match, e.g., 'nokaslrfoo' in the stub and disable KASLR, while
the kernel would disregard the option and run with KASLR enabled.

In order to avoid having to reason about whether and how this behavior
may be abused, let's clean up the parsing routines, and rebuild them
on top of the existing helpers.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

On x86, the preferred load address of the initrd is still below 4 GB,
even though in some cases, we can cope with an initrd that is loaded
above that.

To simplify the code, and to make it more straightforward to introduce
other ways to load the initrd, pass the soft and hard memory limits at
the same time, and let the code handling the initrd= command line option
deal with this.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

The file I/O routine that is used to load initrd or dtb files from
the EFI system partition suffers from a few issues:
- it converts the u8[] command line back to a UTF-16 string, which is
  pointless since we only handle initrd or dtb arguments provided via
  the loaded image protocol anyway, which is where we got the UTF-16[]
  command line from in the first place when booting via the PE entry
  point,
- in the far majority of cases, only a single initrd= option is present,
  but it optimizes for multiple options, by going over the command line
  twice, allocating heap buffers for dynamically sized arrays, etc.
- the coding style is hard to follow, with few comments, and all logic
  including string parsing etc all combined in a single routine.

Let's fix this by rewriting most of it, based on the idea that in the
case of multiple initrds, we can just allocate a new, bigger buffer
and copy over the data before freeing the old one.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Split off the file I/O support code into a separate source file so
it ends up in a separate object file in the static library, allowing
the linker to omit it if the routines are not used.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

get_dram_base() is only called from arm-stub.c so move it into
the same source file as its caller.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

efi_random_alloc() is only used on arm64, but as it shares a source
file with efi_random_get_seed(), the latter will pull in the former
on other architectures as well.

Let's take advantage of the fact that libstub is a static library,
and so the linker will only incorporate objects that are needed to
satisfy dependencies in other objects. This means we can move the
random alloc code to a separate source file that gets built
unconditionally, but only used when needed.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

We now support cmdline data that is located in memory that is not
32-bit addressable, so relax the allocation limit on systems where
this feature is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Move all the declarations that are only used in stub code from
linux/efi.h to efistub.h which is only included locally.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

We now support bootparams structures that are located in memory that
is not 32-bit addressable, so relax the allocation limit on systems
where this feature is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Align the naming of efi_file_io_interface_t and efi_file_handle_t with
the UEFI spec, and call them efi_simple_file_system_protocol_t and
efi_file_protocol_t, respectively, using the same convention we use
for all other type definitions that originate in the UEFI spec.

While at it, move the definitions to efistub.h, so they are only seen
by code that needs them.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Most of the EFI stub source files of all architectures reside under
drivers/firmware/efi/libstub, where they share a Makefile with special
CFLAGS and an include file with declarations that are only relevant
for stub code.

Currently, we carry a lot of stub specific stuff in linux/efi.h only
because eboot.c in arch/x86 needs them as well. So let's move eboot.c
into libstub/, and move the contents of eboot.h that we still care
about into efistub.h
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

The implementation of efi_high_alloc() uses a complicated way of
traversing the memory map to find an available region that is located
as close as possible to the provided upper limit, and calls AllocatePages
subsequently to create the allocation at that exact address.

This is precisely what the EFI_ALLOCATE_MAX_ADDRESS allocation type
argument to AllocatePages() does, and considering that EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
only exceeds EFI_PAGE_SIZE on arm64, let's use AllocatePages() directly
and implement the alignment using code that the compiler can remove if
it does not exceed EFI_PAGE_SIZE.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Create a new source file mem.c to keep the routines involved in memory
allocation and deallocation and manipulation of the EFI memory map.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

The arm64 kernel no longer requires the FDT blob to fit inside a
naturally aligned 2 MB memory block, so remove the code that aligns
the allocation to 2 MB.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Instead of setting the visibility pragma for a small set of symbol
declarations that could result in absolute references that we cannot
support in the stub, declare hidden visibility for all code in the
EFI stub, which is more robust and future proof.

To ensure that the #pragma is taken into account before any other
includes are processed, put it in a header file of its own and
include it via the compiler command line using the -include option.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

When using the native PE entry point (as opposed to the EFI handover
protocol entry point that is used more widely), we set code32_start,
which is a 32-bit wide field, to the effective symbol address of
startup_32, which could overflow given that the EFI loader may have
located the running image anywhere in memory, and we haven't reached
the point yet where we relocate ourselves.

Since we relocate ourselves if code32_start != pref_address, this
isn't likely to lead to problems in practice, given how unlikely
it is that the truncated effective address of startup_32 happens
to equal pref_address. But it is better to defer the assignment
of code32_start to after the relocation, when it is guaranteed to
fit.

While at it, move the call to efi_relocate_kernel() to an earlier
stage so it is more likely that our preferred offset in memory has
not been occupied by other memory allocations done in the mean time.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

We have some code in the EFI stub entry point that takes the address
of the apm_bios_info struct in the newly allocated and zeroed out
boot_params structure, only to zero it out again. This is pointless
so remove it.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

The current codebase makes use of the zero-length array language
extension to the C90 standard, but the preferred mechanism to declare
variable-length types such as these ones is a flexible array member[1][2],
introduced in C99:

struct foo {
        int stuff;
        struct boo array[];
};

By making use of the mechanism above, we will get a compiler warning
in case the flexible array does not occur last in the structure, which
will help us prevent some kind of undefined behavior bugs from being
inadvertenly introduced[3] to the codebase from now on.

This issue was found with the help of Coccinelle.

[1] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html
[2] https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/21
[3] commit 76497732 ("cxgb3/l2t: Fix undefined behaviour")
Signed-off-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavo@embeddedor.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200211231421.GA15697@embeddedorSigned-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

The UEFI spec defines (and deprecates) a misguided and shortlived
memory protection feature that is based on splitting memory regions
covering PE/COFF executables into separate code and data regions,
without annotating them as belonging to the same executable image.
When the OS assigns the virtual addresses of these regions, it may
move them around arbitrarily, without taking into account that the
PE/COFF code sections may contain relative references into the data
sections, which means the relative placement of these segments has
to be preserved or the executable image will be corrupted.

The original workaround on arm64 was to ensure that adjacent regions
of the same type were mapped adjacently in the virtual mapping, but
this requires sorting of the memory map, which we would prefer to
avoid.

Considering that the native physical mapping of the PE/COFF images
does not suffer from this issue, let's preserve it at runtime, and
install it as the virtual mapping as well.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Some (somewhat older) laptops have a correct BGRT table, except that the
version field is 0 instead of 1.

This has been seen on several Ivy Bridge based Lenovo models.

For now the spec. only defines version 1, so it is reasonably safe to
assume that tables with a version of 0 really are version 1 too,
which is what this commit does so that the BGRT table will be accepted
by the kernel on laptop models with this issue.
Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200131130623.33875-1-hdegoede@redhat.comSigned-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

This function is only called from efi_main in the same source file.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200130222004.1932152-1-nivedita@alum.mit.eduSigned-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Rearrange the instructions a bit to use a 32-bit displacement once
instead of 2/3 times. This saves 8 bytes of machine code.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200202171353.3736319-8-nivedita@alum.mit.eduSigned-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

The limit value for the GDTR should be such that adding it to the base
address gives the address of the last byte of the GDT, i.e. it should be
one less than the size, not the size.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200202171353.3736319-7-nivedita@alum.mit.eduSigned-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

The 64-bit kernel will already load a GDT in startup_64, which is the
next function to execute after return from efi_main.

Add GDT setup code to the 32-bit kernel's startup_32 as well. Doing it
in the head code has the advantage that we can avoid potentially
corrupting the GDT during copy/decompression. This also removes
dependence on having a specific GDT layout setup by the bootloader.

Both startup_32 and startup_64 now clear interrupts on entry, so we can
remove that from efi_main as well.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200202171353.3736319-6-nivedita@alum.mit.eduSigned-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

startup_32 already clears these flags on entry, do it in startup_64 as
well for consistency.

The direction flag in particular is not specified to be cleared in the
boot protocol documentation, and we currently call into C code
(paging_prepare) without explicitly clearing it.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200202171353.3736319-5-nivedita@alum.mit.eduSigned-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

The GDT may get overwritten during the copy or during extract_kernel,
which will cause problems if any segment register is touched before the
GDTR is reloaded by the decompressed kernel. For safety update the GDTR
to point to the GDT within the copied kernel.
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200202171353.3736319-4-nivedita@alum.mit.eduSigned-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

When booting in mixed mode, the firmware's GDT is still installed at
handover entry in efi32_stub_entry. We save the GDTR for later use in
__efi64_thunk but we are assuming that descriptor 2 (__KERNEL_CS) is a
valid 32-bit code segment descriptor and that descriptor 3
(__KERNEL_DS/__BOOT_DS) is a valid data segment descriptor.

This happens to be true for OVMF (it actually uses descriptor 1 for data
segments, but descriptor 3 is also setup as data), but we shouldn't
depend on this being the case.

Fix this by saving the code and data selectors in addition to the GDTR
in efi32_stub_entry, and restoring them in __efi64_thunk before calling
the firmware. The UEFI specification guarantees that selectors will be
flat, so using the DS selector for all the segment registers should be
enough.

We also need to install our own GDT before initializing segment
registers in startup_32, so move the GDT load up to the beginning of the
function.

[ardb: mention mixed mode in the commit log]
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200202171353.3736319-3-nivedita@alum.mit.eduSigned-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Commit a24e7851 ("i386: paravirt boot sequence") added this flag for
use by paravirtualized environments such as Xen. However, Xen never made
use of this flag [1], and it was only ever used by lguest [2].

Commit ecda85e7 ("x86/lguest: Remove lguest support") removed
lguest, so KEEP_SEGMENTS has lost its last user.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/4D4B097C.5050405@goop.org
[2] https://www.mail-archive.com/lguest@lists.ozlabs.org/msg00469.htmlSigned-off-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200202171353.3736319-2-nivedita@alum.mit.eduSigned-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Expose efi_entry() as the PE/COFF entrypoint directly, instead of
jumping into a wrapper that fiddles with stack buffers and other
stuff that the compiler is much better at. The only reason this
code exists is to obtain a pointer to the base of the image, but
we can get the same value from the loaded_image protocol, which
we already need for other reasons anyway.

Update the return type as well, to make it consistent with what
is required for a PE/COFF executable entrypoint.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

In preparation for turning the decompressor's cache clean/flush
operations into proper by-VA maintenance for v7 cores, pass the
start and end addresses of the regions that need cache maintenance
into cache_clean_flush in registers r0 and r1.

Currently, all implementations of cache_clean_flush ignore these
values, so no functional change is expected as a result of this
patch.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

The EFI stub executes within the context of the zImage as it was
loaded by the firmware, which means it is treated as an ordinary
PE/COFF executable, which is loaded into memory, and cleaned to
the PoU to ensure that it can be executed safely while the MMU
and caches are on.

When the EFI stub hands over to the decompressor, we clean the caches
by set/way and disable the MMU and D-cache, to comply with the Linux
boot protocol for ARM. However, cache maintenance by set/way is not
sufficient to ensure that subsequent instruction fetches and data
accesses done with the MMU off see the correct data. This means that
proceeding as we do currently is not safe, especially since we also
perform data accesses with the MMU off, from a literal pool as well as
the stack.

So let's kick this can down the road a bit, and jump into the relocated
zImage before disabling the caches. This removes the requirement to
perform any by-VA cache maintenance on the original PE/COFF executable,
but it does require that the relocated zImage is cleaned to the PoC,
which is currently not the case. This will be addressed in a subsequent
patch.
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>

Pull more Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:

 - fix randconfig to generate a sane .config

 - rename hostprogs-y / always to hostprogs / always-y, which are more
   natual syntax.

 - optimize scripts/kallsyms

 - fix yes2modconfig and mod2yesconfig

 - make multiple directory targets ('make foo/ bar/') work

* tag 'kbuild-v5.6-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild:
  kbuild: make multiple directory targets work
  kconfig: Invalidate all symbols after changing to y or m.
  kallsyms: fix type of kallsyms_token_table[]
  scripts/kallsyms: change table to store (strcut sym_entry *)
  scripts/kallsyms: rename local variables in read_symbol()
  kbuild: rename hostprogs-y/always to hostprogs/always-y
  kbuild: fix the document to use extra-y for vmlinux.lds
  kconfig: fix broken dependency in randconfig-generated .config

Pull new zonefs file system from Damien Le Moal:
 "Zonefs is a very simple file system exposing each zone of a zoned
  block device as a file.

  Unlike a regular file system with native zoned block device support
  (e.g. f2fs or the on-going btrfs effort), zonefs does not hide the
  sequential write constraint of zoned block devices to the user. As a
  result, zonefs is not a POSIX compliant file system. Its goal is to
  simplify the implementation of zoned block devices support in
  applications by replacing raw block device file accesses with a richer
  file based API, avoiding relying on direct block device file ioctls
  which may be more obscure to developers.

  One example of this approach is the implementation of LSM
  (log-structured merge) tree structures (such as used in RocksDB and
  LevelDB) on zoned block devices by allowing SSTables to be stored in a
  zone file similarly to a regular file system rather than as a range of
  sectors of a zoned device. The introduction of the higher level
  construct "one file is one zone" can help reducing the amount of
  changes needed in the application while at the same time allowing the
  use of zoned block devices with various programming languages other
  than C.

  Zonefs IO management implementation uses the new iomap generic code.
  Zonefs has been successfully tested using a functional test suite
  (available with zonefs userland format tool on github) and a prototype
  implementation of LevelDB on top of zonefs"

* tag 'zonefs-5.6-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dlemoal/zonefs:
  zonefs: Add documentation
  fs: New zonefs file system

In order to allow the GICv4 code to link properly on 32bit ARM,
make sure we don't use 64bit divisions when it isn't strictly
necessary.

Fixes: 4e6437f1 ("irqchip/gic-v4.1: Ensure L2 vPE table is allocated at RD level")
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Zenghui Yu <yuzenghui@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull cifs fixes from Steve French:
 "13 cifs/smb3 patches, most from testing at the SMB3 plugfest this week:

   - Important fix for multichannel and for modefromsid mounts.

   - Two reconnect fixes

   - Addition of SMB3 change notify support

   - Backup tools fix

   - A few additional minor debug improvements (tracepoints and
     additional logging found useful during testing this week)"

* tag '5.6-rc-smb3-plugfest-patches' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
  smb3: Add defines for new information level, FileIdInformation
  smb3: print warning once if posix context returned on open
  smb3: add one more dynamic tracepoint missing from strict fsync path
  cifs: fix mode bits from dir listing when mounted with modefromsid
  cifs: fix channel signing
  cifs: add SMB3 change notification support
  cifs: make multichannel warning more visible
  cifs: fix soft mounts hanging in the reconnect code
  cifs: Add tracepoints for errors on flush or fsync
  cifs: log warning message (once) if out of disk space
  cifs: fail i/o on soft mounts if sessionsetup errors out
  smb3: fix problem with null cifs super block with previous patch
  SMB3: Backup intent flag missing from some more ops

Pull vboxfs from Al Viro:
 "This is the VirtualBox guest shared folder support by Hans de Goede,
  with fixups for fs_parse folded in to avoid bisection hazards from
  those API changes..."

* 'work.vboxsf' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  fs: Add VirtualBox guest shared folder (vboxsf) support

Pull x86 fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A set of fixes for X86:

   - Ensure that the PIT is set up when the local APIC is disable or
     configured in legacy mode. This is caused by an ordering issue
     introduced in the recent changes which skip PIT initialization when
     the TSC and APIC frequencies are already known.

   - Handle malformed SRAT tables during early ACPI parsing which caused
     an infinite loop anda boot hang.

   - Fix a long standing race in the affinity setting code which affects
     PCI devices with non-maskable MSI interrupts. The problem is caused
     by the non-atomic writes of the MSI address (destination APIC id)
     and data (vector) fields which the device uses to construct the MSI
     message. The non-atomic writes are mandated by PCI.

     If both fields change and the device raises an interrupt after
     writing address and before writing data, then the MSI block
     constructs a inconsistent message which causes interrupts to be
     lost and subsequent malfunction of the device.

     The fix is to redirect the interrupt to the new vector on the
     current CPU first and then switch it over to the new target CPU.
     This allows to observe an eventually raised interrupt in the
     transitional stage (old CPU, new vector) to be observed in the APIC
     IRR and retriggered on the new target CPU and the new vector.

     The potential spurious interrupts caused by this are harmless and
     can in the worst case expose a buggy driver (all handlers have to
     be able to deal with spurious interrupts as they can and do happen
     for various reasons).

   - Add the missing suspend/resume mechanism for the HYPERV hypercall
     page which prevents resume hibernation on HYPERV guests. This
     change got lost before the merge window.

   - Mask the IOAPIC before disabling the local APIC to prevent
     potentially stale IOAPIC remote IRR bits which cause stale
     interrupt lines after resume"

* tag 'x86-urgent-2020-02-09' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/apic: Mask IOAPIC entries when disabling the local APIC
  x86/hyperv: Suspend/resume the hypercall page for hibernation
  x86/apic/msi: Plug non-maskable MSI affinity race
  x86/boot: Handle malformed SRAT tables during early ACPI parsing
  x86/timer: Don't skip PIT setup when APIC is disabled or in legacy mode

Pull SMP fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Two fixes for the SMP related functionality:

   - Make the UP version of smp_call_function_single() match SMP
     semantics when called for a not available CPU. Instead of emitting
     a warning and assuming that the function call target is CPU0,
     return a proper error code like the SMP version does.

   - Remove a superfluous check in smp_call_function_many_cond()"

* tag 'smp-urgent-2020-02-09' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  smp/up: Make smp_call_function_single() match SMP semantics
  smp: Remove superfluous cond_func check in smp_call_function_many_cond()

Pull perf fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
 "A set of fixes and improvements for the perf subsystem:

  Kernel fixes:

   - Install cgroup events to the correct CPU context to prevent a
     potential list double add

   - Prevent an integer underflow in the perf mlock accounting

   - Add a missing prototype for arch_perf_update_userpage()

  Tooling:

   - Add a missing unlock in the error path of maps__insert() in perf
     maps.

   - Fix the build with the latest libbfd

   - Fix the perf parser so it does not delete parse event terms, which
     caused a regression for using perf with the ARM CoreSight as the
     sink configuration was missing due to the deletion.

   - Fix the double free in the perf CPU map merging test case

   - Add the missing ustring support for the perf probe command"

* tag 'perf-urgent-2020-02-09' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  perf maps: Add missing unlock to maps__insert() error case
  perf probe: Add ustring support for perf probe command
  perf: Make perf able to build with latest libbfd
  perf test: Fix test case Merge cpu map
  perf parse: Copy string to perf_evsel_config_term
  perf parse: Refactor 'struct perf_evsel_config_term'
  kernel/events: Add a missing prototype for arch_perf_update_userpage()
  perf/cgroups: Install cgroup events to correct cpuctx
  perf/core: Fix mlock accounting in perf_mmap()