Add a self test for the membarrier system call.
Signed-off-by: Pranith Kumar <bobby.prani@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Here is an implementation of a new system call, sys_membarrier(), which
executes a memory barrier on all threads running on the system.  It is
implemented by calling synchronize_sched().  It can be used to
distribute the cost of user-space memory barriers asymmetrically by
transforming pairs of memory barriers into pairs consisting of
sys_membarrier() and a compiler barrier.  For synchronization primitives
that distinguish between read-side and write-side (e.g.  userspace RCU
[1], rwlocks), the read-side can be accelerated significantly by moving
the bulk of the memory barrier overhead to the write-side.

The existing applications of which I am aware that would be improved by
this system call are as follows:

* Through Userspace RCU library (http://urcu.so)
  - DNS server (Knot DNS) https://www.knot-dns.cz/
  - Network sniffer (http://netsniff-ng.org/)
  - Distributed object storage (https://sheepdog.github.io/sheepdog/)
  - User-space tracing (http://lttng.org)
  - Network storage system (https://www.gluster.org/)
  - Virtual routers (https://events.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/slides/DPDK_RCU_0MQ.pdf)
  - Financial software (https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/3/23/189)

Those projects use RCU in userspace to increase read-side speed and
scalability compared to locking.  Especially in the case of RCU used by
libraries, sys_membarrier can speed up the read-side by moving the bulk of
the memory barrier cost to synchronize_rcu().

* Direct users of sys_membarrier
  - core dotnet garbage collector (https://github.com/dotnet/coreclr/issues/198)

Microsoft core dotnet GC developers are planning to use the mprotect()
side-effect of issuing memory barriers through IPIs as a way to implement
Windows FlushProcessWriteBuffers() on Linux.  They are referring to
sys_membarrier in their github thread, specifically stating that
sys_membarrier() is what they are looking for.

To explain the benefit of this scheme, let's introduce two example threads:

Thread A (non-frequent, e.g. executing liburcu synchronize_rcu())
Thread B (frequent, e.g. executing liburcu
rcu_read_lock()/rcu_read_unlock())

In a scheme where all smp_mb() in thread A are ordering memory accesses
with respect to smp_mb() present in Thread B, we can change each
smp_mb() within Thread A into calls to sys_membarrier() and each
smp_mb() within Thread B into compiler barriers "barrier()".

Before the change, we had, for each smp_mb() pairs:

Thread A                    Thread B
previous mem accesses       previous mem accesses
smp_mb()                    smp_mb()
following mem accesses      following mem accesses

After the change, these pairs become:

Thread A                    Thread B
prev mem accesses           prev mem accesses
sys_membarrier()            barrier()
follow mem accesses         follow mem accesses

As we can see, there are two possible scenarios: either Thread B memory
accesses do not happen concurrently with Thread A accesses (1), or they
do (2).

1) Non-concurrent Thread A vs Thread B accesses:

Thread A                    Thread B
prev mem accesses
sys_membarrier()
follow mem accesses
                            prev mem accesses
                            barrier()
                            follow mem accesses

In this case, thread B accesses will be weakly ordered. This is OK,
because at that point, thread A is not particularly interested in
ordering them with respect to its own accesses.

2) Concurrent Thread A vs Thread B accesses

Thread A                    Thread B
prev mem accesses           prev mem accesses
sys_membarrier()            barrier()
follow mem accesses         follow mem accesses

In this case, thread B accesses, which are ensured to be in program
order thanks to the compiler barrier, will be "upgraded" to full
smp_mb() by synchronize_sched().

* Benchmarks

On Intel Xeon E5405 (8 cores)
(one thread is calling sys_membarrier, the other 7 threads are busy
looping)

1000 non-expedited sys_membarrier calls in 33s =3D 33 milliseconds/call.

* User-space user of this system call: Userspace RCU library

Both the signal-based and the sys_membarrier userspace RCU schemes
permit us to remove the memory barrier from the userspace RCU
rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock() primitives, thus significantly
accelerating them. These memory barriers are replaced by compiler
barriers on the read-side, and all matching memory barriers on the
write-side are turned into an invocation of a memory barrier on all
active threads in the process. By letting the kernel perform this
synchronization rather than dumbly sending a signal to every process
threads (as we currently do), we diminish the number of unnecessary wake
ups and only issue the memory barriers on active threads. Non-running
threads do not need to execute such barrier anyway, because these are
implied by the scheduler context switches.

Results in liburcu:

Operations in 10s, 6 readers, 2 writers:

memory barriers in reader:    1701557485 reads, 2202847 writes
signal-based scheme:          9830061167 reads,    6700 writes
sys_membarrier:               9952759104 reads,     425 writes
sys_membarrier (dyn. check):  7970328887 reads,     425 writes

The dynamic sys_membarrier availability check adds some overhead to
the read-side compared to the signal-based scheme, but besides that,
sys_membarrier slightly outperforms the signal-based scheme. However,
this non-expedited sys_membarrier implementation has a much slower grace
period than signal and memory barrier schemes.

Besides diminishing the number of wake-ups, one major advantage of the
membarrier system call over the signal-based scheme is that it does not
need to reserve a signal. This plays much more nicely with libraries,
and with processes injected into for tracing purposes, for which we
cannot expect that signals will be unused by the application.

An expedited version of this system call can be added later on to speed
up the grace period. Its implementation will likely depend on reading
the cpu_curr()->mm without holding each CPU's rq lock.

This patch adds the system call to x86 and to asm-generic.

[1] http://urcu.so

membarrier(2) man page:

MEMBARRIER(2)              Linux Programmer's Manual             MEMBARRIER(2)

NAME
       membarrier - issue memory barriers on a set of threads

SYNOPSIS
       #include <linux/membarrier.h>

       int membarrier(int cmd, int flags);

DESCRIPTION
       The cmd argument is one of the following:

       MEMBARRIER_CMD_QUERY
              Query  the  set  of  supported commands. It returns a bitmask of
              supported commands.

       MEMBARRIER_CMD_SHARED
              Execute a memory barrier on all threads running on  the  system.
              Upon  return from system call, the caller thread is ensured that
              all running threads have passed through a state where all memory
              accesses  to  user-space  addresses  match program order between
              entry to and return from the system  call  (non-running  threads
              are de facto in such a state). This covers threads from all pro=E2=80=90
              cesses running on the system.  This command returns 0.

       The flags argument needs to be 0. For future extensions.

       All memory accesses performed  in  program  order  from  each  targeted
       thread is guaranteed to be ordered with respect to sys_membarrier(). If
       we use the semantic "barrier()" to represent a compiler barrier forcing
       memory  accesses  to  be performed in program order across the barrier,
       and smp_mb() to represent explicit memory barriers forcing full  memory
       ordering  across  the barrier, we have the following ordering table for
       each pair of barrier(), sys_membarrier() and smp_mb():

       The pair ordering is detailed as (O: ordered, X: not ordered):

                              barrier()   smp_mb() sys_membarrier()
              barrier()          X           X            O
              smp_mb()           X           O            O
              sys_membarrier()   O           O            O

RETURN VALUE
       On success, these system calls return zero.  On error, -1 is  returned,
       and errno is set appropriately. For a given command, with flags
       argument set to 0, this system call is guaranteed to always return the
       same value until reboot.

ERRORS
       ENOSYS System call is not implemented.

       EINVAL Invalid arguments.

Linux                             2015-04-15                     MEMBARRIER(2)
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Nicholas Miell <nmiell@comcast.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <gnomes@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Stephen Hemminger <stephen@networkplumber.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Pranith Kumar <bobby.prani@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Fix the following warning when compiling extract-cert:

  scripts/extract-cert.c: In function `write_cert':
  scripts/extract-cert.c:89:2: warning: format not a string literal and no format arguments [-Wformat-security]
    ERR(!i2d_X509_bio(wb, x509), cert_dst);
    ^

whereby the ERR() macro is taking cert_dst as the format string.  "%s"
should be used as the format string as the path could contain special
characters.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Jim Davis <jim.epost@gmail.com>
Acked-by : David Woodhouse <david.woodhouse@intel.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull sound fixes from Takashi Iwai:
 "A collection of small fixes since the last update: the HD-audio quirks
  as usual with a USB-audio fix and a trivial fix for the old sparc
  driver"

* tag 'sound-fix-4.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tiwai/sound:
  ALSA: usb-audio: Change internal PCM order
  ALSA: hda - Fix white noise on Dell M3800
  ALSA: hda - Use ALC880_FIXUP_FUJITSU for FSC Amilo M1437
  ALSA: hda - Enable headphone jack detect on old Fujitsu laptops
  ALSA: sparc: amd7930: Fix module autoload for OF platform driver
  ALSA: hda - Add some FIXUP quirks for white noise on Dell laptop.

Pull drm fixes from Dave Airlie:
 "Just a bunch of fixes to squeeze in before -rc1:

   - three nouveau regression fixes

   - one qxl regression fix

   - a bunch of i915 fixes

  ... and some core displayport/atomic fixes"

* 'drm-fixes' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~airlied/linux:
  drm/nouveau/device: enable c800 quirk for tecra w50
  drm/nouveau/clk/gt215: Unbreak engine pausing for GT21x/MCP7x
  drm/nouveau/gr/nv04: fix big endian setting on gr context
  drm/qxl: validate monitors config modes
  drm/i915: Allow DSI dual link to be configured on any pipe
  drm/i915: Don't try to use DDR DVFS on CHV when disabled in the BIOS
  drm/i915: Fix CSR MMIO address check
  drm/i915: Limit the number of loops for reading a split 64bit register
  drm/i915: Fix broken mst get_hw_state.
  drm/i915: Pass hpd_status_i915[] to intel_get_hpd_pins() in pre-g4x
  uapi/drm/i915_drm.h: fix userspace compilation.
  drm/i915: Always mark the object as dirty when used by the GPU
  drm/dp: Add dp_aux_i2c_speed_khz module param to set the assume i2c bus speed
  drm/dp: Adjust i2c-over-aux retry count based on message size and i2c bus speed
  drm/dp: Define AUX_RETRY_INTERVAL as 500 us
  drm/atomic: Fix bookkeeping with TEST_ONLY, v3.

three nouveau regression fixes.
* 'linux-4.3' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/git/nouveau/linux-2.6:
  drm/nouveau/device: enable c800 quirk for tecra w50
  drm/nouveau/clk/gt215: Unbreak engine pausing for GT21x/MCP7x
  drm/nouveau/gr/nv04: fix big endian setting on gr context

Pull blk-cg updates from Jens Axboe:
 "A bit later in the cycle, but this has been in the block tree for a a
  while.  This is basically four patchsets from Tejun, that improve our
  buffered cgroup writeback.  It was dependent on the other cgroup
  changes, but they went in earlier in this cycle.

  Series 1 is set of 5 patches that has cgroup writeback updates:

   - bdi_writeback iteration fix which could lead to some wb's being
     skipped or repeated during e.g. sync under memory pressure.

   - Simplification of wb work wait mechanism.

   - Writeback tracepoints updated to report cgroup.

  Series 2 is is a set of updates for the CFQ cgroup writeback handling:

     cfq has always charged all async IOs to the root cgroup.  It didn't
     have much choice as writeback didn't know about cgroups and there
     was no way to tell who to blame for a given writeback IO.
     writeback finally grew support for cgroups and now tags each
     writeback IO with the appropriate cgroup to charge it against.

     This patchset updates cfq so that it follows the blkcg each bio is
     tagged with.  Async cfq_queues are now shared across cfq_group,
     which is per-cgroup, instead of per-request_queue cfq_data.  This
     makes all IOs follow the weight based IO resource distribution
     implemented by cfq.

     - Switched from GFP_ATOMIC to GFP_NOWAIT as suggested by Jeff.

     - Other misc review points addressed, acks added and rebased.

  Series 3 is the blkcg policy cleanup patches:

     This patchset contains assorted cleanups for blkcg_policy methods
     and blk[c]g_policy_data handling.

     - alloc/free added for blkg_policy_data.  exit dropped.

     - alloc/free added for blkcg_policy_data.

     - blk-throttle's async percpu allocation is replaced with direct
       allocation.

     - all methods now take blk[c]g_policy_data instead of blkcg_gq or
       blkcg.

  And finally, series 4 is a set of patches cleaning up the blkcg stats
  handling:

    blkcg's stats have always been somwhat of a mess.  This patchset
    tries to improve the situation a bit.

     - The following patches added to consolidate blkcg entry point and
       blkg creation.  This is in itself is an improvement and helps
       colllecting common stats on bio issue.

     - per-blkg stats now accounted on bio issue rather than request
       completion so that bio based and request based drivers can behave
       the same way.  The issue was spotted by Vivek.

     - cfq-iosched implements custom recursive stats and blk-throttle
       implements custom per-cpu stats.  This patchset make blkcg core
       support both by default.

     - cfq-iosched and blk-throttle keep track of the same stats
       multiple times.  Unify them"

* 'for-4.3/blkcg' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (45 commits)
  blkcg: use CGROUP_WEIGHT_* scale for io.weight on the unified hierarchy
  blkcg: s/CFQ_WEIGHT_*/CFQ_WEIGHT_LEGACY_*/
  blkcg: implement interface for the unified hierarchy
  blkcg: misc preparations for unified hierarchy interface
  blkcg: separate out tg_conf_updated() from tg_set_conf()
  blkcg: move body parsing from blkg_conf_prep() to its callers
  blkcg: mark existing cftypes as legacy
  blkcg: rename subsystem name from blkio to io
  blkcg: refine error codes returned during blkcg configuration
  blkcg: remove unnecessary NULL checks from __cfqg_set_weight_device()
  blkcg: reduce stack usage of blkg_rwstat_recursive_sum()
  blkcg: remove cfqg_stats->sectors
  blkcg: move io_service_bytes and io_serviced stats into blkcg_gq
  blkcg: make blkg_[rw]stat_recursive_sum() to be able to index into blkcg_gq
  blkcg: make blkcg_[rw]stat per-cpu
  blkcg: add blkg_[rw]stat->aux_cnt and replace cfq_group->dead_stats with it
  blkcg: consolidate blkg creation in blkcg_bio_issue_check()
  blk-throttle: improve queue bypass handling
  blkcg: move root blkg lookup optimization from throtl_lookup_tg() to __blkg_lookup()
  blkcg: inline [__]blkg_lookup()
  ...

Signed-off-by: Ben Skeggs <bskeggs@redhat.com>

Typo that snuck in with commit 6979c630Signed-off-by: Roy Spliet <rspliet@eclipso.eu>
Reported-by: Pierre Moreau <pierre.morrow@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Ben Skeggs <bskeggs@redhat.com>

Broken since "gr: convert user classes to new-style nvkm_object"

Tested on a PPC64 G5 + NV34
Signed-off-by: Ilia Mirkin <imirkin@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Ben Skeggs <bskeggs@redhat.com>

Merge third patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:

 - even more of the rest of MM

 - lib/ updates

 - checkpatch updates

 - small changes to a few scruffy filesystems

 - kmod fixes/cleanups

 - kexec updates

 - a dma-mapping cleanup series from hch

* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (81 commits)
  dma-mapping: consolidate dma_set_mask
  dma-mapping: consolidate dma_supported
  dma-mapping: cosolidate dma_mapping_error
  dma-mapping: consolidate dma_{alloc,free}_noncoherent
  dma-mapping: consolidate dma_{alloc,free}_{attrs,coherent}
  mm: use vma_is_anonymous() in create_huge_pmd() and wp_huge_pmd()
  mm: make sure all file VMAs have ->vm_ops set
  mm, mpx: add "vm_flags_t vm_flags" arg to do_mmap_pgoff()
  mm: mark most vm_operations_struct const
  namei: fix warning while make xmldocs caused by namei.c
  ipc: convert invalid scenarios to use WARN_ON
  zlib_deflate/deftree: remove bi_reverse()
  lib/decompress_unlzma: Do a NULL check for pointer
  lib/decompressors: use real out buf size for gunzip with kernel
  fs/affs: make root lookup from blkdev logical size
  sysctl: fix int -> unsigned long assignments in INT_MIN case
  kexec: export KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE to vmcoreinfo
  kexec: align crash_notes allocation to make it be inside one physical page
  kexec: remove unnecessary test in kimage_alloc_crash_control_pages()
  kexec: split kexec_load syscall from kexec core code
  ...

Pull late ARM SoC updates from Kevin Hilman:
 "This is a collection of a few late fixes and other misc stuff that had
  dependencies on things being merged from other trees.

  The bulk of the changes are for samsung/exynos SoCs for some changes
  that needed a few minor reworks so ended up a bit late.  The others
  are mainly for qcom SoCs: a couple fixes and some DTS updates"

* tag 'armsoc-late' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (37 commits)
  ARM: multi_v7_defconfig: Enable PBIAS regulator
  soc: qcom: smd: Correct fBLOCKREADINTR handling
  soc: qcom: smd: Use correct remote processor ID
  soc: qcom: smem: Fix errant private access
  ARM: dts: qcom: msm8974-sony-xperia-honami: Use stdout-path
  ARM: dts: qcom: msm8960-cdp: Use stdout-path
  ARM: dts: qcom: msm8660-surf: Use stdout-path
  ARM: dts: qcom: ipq8064-ap148: Use stdout-path
  ARM: dts: qcom: apq8084-mtp: Use stdout-path
  ARM: dts: qcom: apq8084-ifc6540: Use stdout-path
  ARM: dts: qcom: apq8074-dragonboard: Use stdout-path
  ARM: dts: qcom: apq8064-ifc6410: Use stdout-path
  ARM: dts: qcom: apq8064-cm-qs600: Use stdout-path
  ARM: dts: qcom: Label serial nodes for aliasing and stdout-path
  reset: ath79: Fix missing spin_lock_init
  reset: Add (devm_)reset_control_get stub functions
  ARM: EXYNOS: switch to using generic cpufreq driver for exynos4x12
  cpufreq: exynos: Remove unselectable rule for arm-exynos-cpufreq.o
  ARM: dts: add iommu property to JPEG device for exynos4
  ARM: dts: enable SPI1 for exynos4412-odroidu3
  ...

bunch of drm fixes.

* tag 'topic/drm-fixes-2015-09-09' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm-intel:
  drm/dp: Add dp_aux_i2c_speed_khz module param to set the assume i2c bus speed
  drm/dp: Adjust i2c-over-aux retry count based on message size and i2c bus speed
  drm/dp: Define AUX_RETRY_INTERVAL as 500 us
  drm/atomic: Fix bookkeeping with TEST_ONLY, v3.

Merge tag 'drm-intel-next-fixes-2015-09-10' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm-intel into drm-next

Fixes headed for v4.3-rc1, including Maarten's DP MST state checker fix
you requested.

* tag 'drm-intel-next-fixes-2015-09-10' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm-intel:
  drm/i915: Allow DSI dual link to be configured on any pipe
  drm/i915: Don't try to use DDR DVFS on CHV when disabled in the BIOS
  drm/i915: Fix CSR MMIO address check
  drm/i915: Limit the number of loops for reading a split 64bit register
  drm/i915: Fix broken mst get_hw_state.
  drm/i915: Pass hpd_status_i915[] to intel_get_hpd_pins() in pre-g4x
  uapi/drm/i915_drm.h: fix userspace compilation.
  drm/i915: Always mark the object as dirty when used by the GPU

Due to some recent changes in
drm_helper_probe_single_connector_modes_merge_bits(), old custom modes
were not being pruned properly. In current kernels,
drm_mode_validate_basic() is called to sanity-check each mode in the
list. If the sanity-check passes, the mode's status gets set to to
MODE_OK. In older kernels this check was not done, so old custom modes
would still have a status of MODE_UNVERIFIED at this point, and would
therefore be pruned later in the function.

As a result of this new behavior, the list of modes for a device always
includes every custom mode ever configured for the device, with the
largest one listed first. Since desktop environments usually choose the
first preferred mode when a hotplug event is emitted, this had the
result of making it very difficult for the user to reduce the size of
the display.

The qxl driver did implement the mode_valid connector function, but it
was empty. In order to restore the old behavior where old custom modes
are pruned, we implement a proper mode_valid function for the qxl
driver. This function now checks each mode against the last configured
custom mode and the list of standard modes. If the mode doesn't match
any of these, its status is set to MODE_BAD so that it will be pruned as
expected.
Signed-off-by: Jonathon Jongsma <jjongsma@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>

Pull more kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini:
 "ARM:
   - Full debug support for arm64
   - Active state switching for timer interrupts
   - Lazy FP/SIMD save/restore for arm64
   - Generic ARMv8 target

  PPC:
   - Book3S: A few bug fixes
   - Book3S: Allow micro-threading on POWER8

  x86:
   - Compiler warnings

  Generic:
   - Adaptive polling for guest halt"

* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (49 commits)
  kvm: irqchip: fix memory leak
  kvm: move new trace event outside #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_ASYNC_PF
  KVM: trace kvm_halt_poll_ns grow/shrink
  KVM: dynamic halt-polling
  KVM: make halt_poll_ns per-vCPU
  Silence compiler warning in arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c
  kvm: compile process_smi_save_seg_64() only for x86_64
  KVM: x86: avoid uninitialized variable warning
  KVM: PPC: Book3S: Fix typo in top comment about locking
  KVM: PPC: Book3S: Fix size of the PSPB register
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Exit on H_DOORBELL if HOST_IPI is set
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix race in starting secondary threads
  KVM: PPC: Book3S: correct width in XER handling
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix preempted vcore stolen time calculation
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix preempted vcore list locking
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Implement H_CLEAR_REF and H_CLEAR_MOD
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix bug in dirty page tracking
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Fix race in reading change bit when removing HPTE
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Implement dynamic micro-threading on POWER8
  KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Make use of unused threads when running guests
  ...

Pull xen terminology fixes from David Vrabel:
 "Use the correct GFN/BFN terms more consistently"

* tag 'for-linus-4.3-rc0b-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip:
  xen/xenbus: Rename the variable xen_store_mfn to xen_store_gfn
  xen/privcmd: Further s/MFN/GFN/ clean-up
  hvc/xen: Further s/MFN/GFN clean-up
  video/xen-fbfront: Further s/MFN/GFN clean-up
  xen/tmem: Use xen_page_to_gfn rather than pfn_to_gfn
  xen: Use correctly the Xen memory terminologies
  arm/xen: implement correctly pfn_to_mfn
  xen: Make clear that swiotlb and biomerge are dealing with DMA address

Pull microblaze update from Michal Simek.

* 'next' of git://git.monstr.eu/linux-2.6-microblaze:
  elf-em.h: move EM_MICROBLAZE to the common header

Pull hexagon updates from Richard Kuo:
 "Just two fixes -- one for a uapi header and one for a timer interface"

* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rkuo/linux-hexagon-kernel:
  Revert "Hexagon: fix signal.c compile error"
  hexagon/time: Migrate to new 'set-state' interface

Pull networking fixes from David Miller:

 1) Fix out-of-bounds array access in netfilter ipset, from Jozsef
    Kadlecsik.

 2) Use correct free operation on netfilter conntrack templates, from
    Daniel Borkmann.

 3) Fix route leak in SCTP, from Marcelo Ricardo Leitner.

 4) Fix sizeof(pointer) in mac80211, from Thierry Reding.

 5) Fix cache pointer comparison in ip6mr leading to missed unlock of
    mrt_lock.  From Richard Laing.

 6) rds_conn_lookup() needs to consider network namespace in key
    comparison, from Sowmini Varadhan.

 7) Fix deadlock in TIPC code wrt broadcast link wakeups, from Kolmakov
    Dmitriy.

 8) Fix fd leaks in bpf syscall, from Daniel Borkmann.

 9) Fix error recovery when installing ipv6 multipath routes, we would
    delete the old route before we would know if we could fully commit
    to the new set of nexthops.  Fix from Roopa Prabhu.

10) Fix run-time suspend problems in r8152, from Hayes Wang.

11) In fec, don't program the MAC address into the chip when the clocks
    are gated off.  From Fugang Duan.

12) Fix poll behavior for netlink sockets when using rx ring mmap, from
    Daniel Borkmann.

13) Don't allocate memory with GFP_KERNEL from get_stats64 in r8169
    driver, from Corinna Vinschen.

14) In TCP Cubic congestion control, handle idle periods better where we
    are application limited, in order to keep cwnd from growing out of
    control.  From Eric Dumzet.

* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net: (65 commits)
  tcp_cubic: better follow cubic curve after idle period
  tcp: generate CA_EVENT_TX_START on data frames
  xen-netfront: respect user provided max_queues
  xen-netback: respect user provided max_queues
  r8169: Fix sleeping function called during get_stats64, v2
  ether: add IEEE 1722 ethertype - TSN
  netlink, mmap: fix edge-case leakages in nf queue zero-copy
  netlink, mmap: don't walk rx ring on poll if receive queue non-empty
  cxgb4: changes for new firmware 1.14.4.0
  net: fec: add netif status check before set mac address
  r8152: fix the runtime suspend issues
  r8152: split DRIVER_VERSION
  ipv6: fix ifnullfree.cocci warnings
  add microchip LAN88xx phy driver
  stmmac: fix check for phydev being open
  net: qlcnic: delete redundant memsets
  net: mv643xx_eth: use kzalloc
  net: jme: use kzalloc() instead of kmalloc+memset
  net: cavium: liquidio: use kzalloc in setup_glist()
  net: ipv6: use common fib_default_rule_pref
  ...

Almost everyone implements dma_set_mask the same way, although some time
that's hidden in ->set_dma_mask methods.

This patch consolidates those into a common implementation that either
calls ->set_dma_mask if present or otherwise uses the default
implementation.  Some architectures used to only call ->set_dma_mask
after the initial checks, and those instance have been fixed to do the
full work.  h8300 implemented dma_set_mask bogusly as a no-ops and has
been fixed.

Unfortunately some architectures overload unrelated semantics like changing
the dma_ops into it so we still need to allow for an architecture override
for now.

[jcmvbkbc@gmail.com: fix xtensa]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy.shevchenko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Most architectures just call into ->dma_supported, but some also return 1
if the method is not present, or 0 if no dma ops are present (although
that should never happeb). Consolidate this more broad version into
common code.

Also fix h8300 which inorrectly always returned 0, which would have been
a problem if it's dma_set_mask implementation wasn't a similarly buggy
noop.

As a few architectures have much more elaborate implementations, we
still allow for arch overrides.

[jcmvbkbc@gmail.com: fix xtensa]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy.shevchenko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Currently there are three valid implementations of dma_mapping_error:

 (1) call ->mapping_error
 (2) check for a hardcoded error code
 (3) always return 0

This patch provides a common implementation that calls ->mapping_error
if present, then checks for DMA_ERROR_CODE if defined or otherwise
returns 0.

[jcmvbkbc@gmail.com: fix xtensa]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy.shevchenko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Most architectures do not support non-coherent allocations and either
define dma_{alloc,free}_noncoherent to their coherent versions or stub
them out.

Openrisc uses dma_{alloc,free}_attrs to implement them, and only Mips
implements them directly.

This patch moves the Openrisc version to common code, and handles the
DMA_ATTR_NON_CONSISTENT case in the mips dma_map_ops instance.

Note that actual non-coherent allocations require a dma_cache_sync
implementation, so if non-coherent allocations didn't work on
an architecture before this patch they still won't work after it.

[jcmvbkbc@gmail.com: fix xtensa]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy.shevchenko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Since 2009 we have a nice asm-generic header implementing lots of DMA API
functions for architectures using struct dma_map_ops, but unfortunately
it's still missing a lot of APIs that all architectures still have to
duplicate.

This series consolidates the remaining functions, although we still need
arch opt outs for two of them as a few architectures have very
non-standard implementations.

This patch (of 5):

The coherent DMA allocator works the same over all architectures supporting
dma_map operations.

This patch consolidates them and converges the minor differences:

 - the debug_dma helpers are now called from all architectures, including
   those that were previously missing them
 - dma_alloc_from_coherent and dma_release_from_coherent are now always
   called from the generic alloc/free routines instead of the ops
   dma-mapping-common.h always includes dma-coherent.h to get the defintions
   for them, or the stubs if the architecture doesn't support this feature
 - checks for ->alloc / ->free presence are removed.  There is only one
   magic instead of dma_map_ops without them (mic_dma_ops) and that one
   is x86 only anyway.

Besides that only x86 needs special treatment to replace a default devices
if none is passed and tweak the gfp_flags.  An optional arch hook is provided
for that.

[linux@roeck-us.net: fix build]
[jcmvbkbc@gmail.com: fix xtensa]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy.shevchenko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Signed-off-by: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Let's use helper rather than direct check of vma->vm_ops to distinguish
anonymous VMA.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

We rely on vma->vm_ops == NULL to detect anonymous VMA: see
vma_is_anonymous(), but some drivers doesn't set ->vm_ops.

As a result we can end up with anonymous page in private file mapping.
That should not lead to serious misbehaviour, but nevertheless is wrong.

Let's fix by setting up dummy ->vm_ops for file mmapping if f_op->mmap()
didn't set its own.

The patch also adds sanity check into __vma_link_rb(). It will help
catch broken VMAs which inserted directly into mm_struct via
insert_vm_struct().
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Add the additional "vm_flags_t vm_flags" argument to do_mmap_pgoff(),
rename it to do_mmap(), and re-introduce do_mmap_pgoff() as a simple
wrapper on top of do_mmap().  Perhaps we should update the callers of
do_mmap_pgoff() and kill it later.

This way mpx_mmap() can simply call do_mmap(vm_flags => VM_MPX) and do not
play with vm internals.

After this change mmap_region() has a single user outside of mmap.c,
arch/tile/mm/elf.c:arch_setup_additional_pages().  It would be nice to
change arch/tile/ and unexport mmap_region().

[kirill@shutemov.name: fix build]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

With two exceptions (drm/qxl and drm/radeon) all vm_operations_struct
structs should be constant.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Fix the following warnings:

Warning(.//fs/namei.c:2422): No description found for parameter 'nd'
Warning(.//fs/namei.c:2422): Excess function parameter 'nameidata'
description in 'path_mountpoint'
Signed-off-by: Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Considering Linus' past rants about the (ab)use of BUG in the kernel, I
took a look at how we deal with such calls in ipc.  Given that any errors
or corruption in ipc code are most likely contained within the set of
processes participating in the broken mechanisms, there aren't really many
strong fatal system failure scenarios that would require a BUG call.
Also, if something is seriously wrong, ipc might not be the place for such
a BUG either.

1. For example, recently, a customer hit one of these BUG_ONs in shm
   after failing shm_lock().  A busted ID imho does not merit a BUG_ON,
   and WARN would have been better.

2. MSG_COPY functionality of posix msgrcv(2) for checkpoint/restore.
   I don't see how we can hit this anyway -- at least it should be IS_ERR.
    The 'copy' arg from do_msgrcv is always set by calling prepare_copy()
   first and foremost.  We could also probably drop this check altogether.
    Either way, it does not merit a BUG_ON.

3. No ->fault() callback for the fs getting the corresponding page --
   seems selfish to make the system unusable.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Remove bi_reverse() and use generic bitrev32() instead - it should have
better performance on some platforms.
Signed-off-by: yalin wang <yalin.wang2010@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Compare pointer-typed values to NULL rather than 0.

The semantic patch that makes this change is available
in scripts/coccinelle/null/badzero.cocci.
Signed-off-by: Fabio Estevam <fabio.estevam@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

When loading x86 64bit kernel above 4GiB with patched grub2, got kernel
gunzip error.

| early console in decompress_kernel
| decompress_kernel:
|       input: [0x807f2143b4-0x807ff61aee]
|      output: [0x807cc00000-0x807f3ea29b] 0x027ea29c: output_len
| boot via startup_64
| KASLR using RDTSC...
|  new output: [0x46fe000000-0x470138cfff] 0x0338d000: output_run_size
|  decompress: [0x46fe000000-0x47007ea29b] <=== [0x807f2143b4-0x807ff61aee]
|
| Decompressing Linux... gz...
|
| uncompression error
|
| -- System halted

the new buffer is at 0x46fe000000ULL, decompressor_gzip is using
0xffffffb901ffffff as out_len.  gunzip in lib/zlib_inflate/inflate.c cap
that len to 0x01ffffff and decompress fails later.

We could hit this problem with crashkernel booting that uses kexec loading
kernel above 4GiB.

We have decompress_* support:
    1. inbuf[]/outbuf[] for kernel preboot.
    2. inbuf[]/flush() for initramfs
    3. fill()/flush() for initrd.
This bug only affect kernel preboot path that use outbuf[].

Add __decompress and take real out_buf_len for gunzip instead of guessing
wrong buf size.

Fixes: 1431574a (lib/decompressors: fix "no limit" output buffer length)
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexandre Courbot <acourbot@nvidia.com>
Cc: Jon Medhurst <tixy@linaro.org>
Cc: Stephen Warren <swarren@wwwdotorg.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

This patch resolves https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=16531.

When logical blkdev size > 512 then sector numbers become larger than the
device can support.

Make affs start lookup based on the device's logical sector size instead
of 512.
Reported-by: Mark <markk@clara.co.uk>
Suggested-by: Mark <markk@clara.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

The following

    if (val < 0)
        *lvalp = (unsigned long)-val;

is incorrect because the compiler is free to assume -val to be positive
and use a sign-extend instruction for extending the bit pattern.  This is
a problem if val == INT_MIN:

    # echo -2147483648 >/proc/sys/dev/scsi/logging_level
    # cat /proc/sys/dev/scsi/logging_level
    -18446744071562067968

Cast to unsigned long before negation - that way we first sign-extend and
then negate an unsigned, which is well defined.  With this:

    # cat /proc/sys/dev/scsi/logging_level
    -2147483648
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Cc: Mikulas Patocka <mikulas@twibright.com>
Cc: Robert Xiao <nneonneo@gmail.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

In x86_64, since v2.6.26 the KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE is changed to 512M, and
accordingly the MODULES_VADDR is changed to 0xffffffffa0000000.  However,
in v3.12 Kees Cook introduced kaslr to randomise the location of kernel.
And the kernel text mapping addr space is enlarged from 512M to 1G.  That
means now KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE is variable, its value is 512M when kaslr
support is not compiled in and 1G when kaslr support is compiled in.
Accordingly the MODULES_VADDR is changed too to be:

    #define MODULES_VADDR    (__START_KERNEL_map + KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE)

So when kaslr is compiled in and enabled, the kernel text mapping addr
space and modules vaddr space need be adjusted.  Otherwise makedumpfile
will collapse since the addr for some symbols is not correct.

Hence KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE need be exported to vmcoreinfo and got in
makedumpfile to help calculate MODULES_VADDR.
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

People reported that crash_notes in /proc/vmcore were corrupted and this
cause crash kdump failure.  With code debugging and log we got the root
cause.  This is because percpu variable crash_notes are allocated in 2
vmalloc pages.  Currently percpu is based on vmalloc by default.  Vmalloc
can't guarantee 2 continuous vmalloc pages are also on 2 continuous
physical pages.  So when 1st kernel exports the starting address and size
of crash_notes through sysfs like below:

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpux/crash_notes
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpux/crash_notes_size

kdump kernel use them to get the content of crash_notes.  However the 2nd
part may not be in the next neighbouring physical page as we expected if
crash_notes are allocated accross 2 vmalloc pages.  That's why
nhdr_ptr->n_namesz or nhdr_ptr->n_descsz could be very huge in
update_note_header_size_elf64() and cause note header merging failure or
some warnings.

In this patch change to call __alloc_percpu() to passed in the align value
by rounding crash_notes_size up to the nearest power of two.  This makes
sure the crash_notes is allocated inside one physical page since
sizeof(note_buf_t) in all ARCHS is smaller than PAGE_SIZE.  Meanwhile add
a BUILD_BUG_ON to break compile if size is bigger than PAGE_SIZE since
crash_notes definitely will be in 2 pages.  That need be avoided, and need
be reported if it's unavoidable.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use correct comment layout]
Signed-off-by: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Lisa Mitchell <lisa.mitchell@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Transforming PFN(Page Frame Number) to struct page is never failure, so we
can simplify the code logic to do the image->control_page assignment
directly in the loop, and remove the unnecessary conditional judgement.
Signed-off-by: Minfei Huang <mnfhuang@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Simon Horman <horms@verge.net.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

There are two kexec load syscalls, kexec_load another and kexec_file_load.
 kexec_file_load has been splited as kernel/kexec_file.c.  In this patch I
split kexec_load syscall code to kernel/kexec.c.

And add a new kconfig option KEXEC_CORE, so we can disable kexec_load and
use kexec_file_load only, or vice verse.

The original requirement is from Ted Ts'o, he want kexec kernel signature
being checked with CONFIG_KEXEC_VERIFY_SIG enabled.  But kexec-tools use
kexec_load syscall can bypass the checking.

Vivek Goyal proposed to create a common kconfig option so user can compile
in only one syscall for loading kexec kernel.  KEXEC/KEXEC_FILE selects
KEXEC_CORE so that old config files still work.

Because there's general code need CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE, so I updated all the
architecture Kconfig with a new option KEXEC_CORE, and let KEXEC selects
KEXEC_CORE in arch Kconfig.  Also updated general kernel code with to
kexec_load syscall.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Petr Tesarik <ptesarik@suse.cz>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@fedoraproject.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>