We assume to have only one reference counter for one uprobe.
Don't allow user to add multiple trace_uprobe entries having
same inode+offset but different reference counter.

Ex,
  # echo "p:sdt_tick/loop2 /home/ravi/tick:0x6e4(0x10036)" > uprobe_events
  # echo "p:sdt_tick/loop2_1 /home/ravi/tick:0x6e4(0xfffff)" >> uprobe_events
  bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument

  # dmesg
  trace_kprobe: Reference counter offset mismatch.

There is one exception though:
When user is trying to replace the old entry with the new
one, we allow this if the new entry does not conflict with
any other existing entries.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180820044250.11659-4-ravi.bangoria@linux.ibm.comAcked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

We assume to have only one reference counter for one uprobe.
Don't allow user to register multiple uprobes having same
inode+offset but different reference counter.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180820044250.11659-3-ravi.bangoria@linux.ibm.comAcked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Tested-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Userspace Statically Defined Tracepoints[1] are dtrace style markers
inside userspace applications. Applications like PostgreSQL, MySQL,
Pthread, Perl, Python, Java, Ruby, Node.js, libvirt, QEMU, glib etc
have these markers embedded in them. These markers are added by developer
at important places in the code. Each marker source expands to a single
nop instruction in the compiled code but there may be additional
overhead for computing the marker arguments which expands to couple of
instructions. In case the overhead is more, execution of it can be
omitted by runtime if() condition when no one is tracing on the marker:

    if (reference_counter > 0) {
        Execute marker instructions;
    }

Default value of reference counter is 0. Tracer has to increment the
reference counter before tracing on a marker and decrement it when
done with the tracing.

Implement the reference counter logic in core uprobe. User will be
able to use it from trace_uprobe as well as from kernel module. New
trace_uprobe definition with reference counter will now be:

    <path>:<offset>[(ref_ctr_offset)]

where ref_ctr_offset is an optional field. For kernel module, new
variant of uprobe_register() has been introduced:

    uprobe_register_refctr(inode, offset, ref_ctr_offset, consumer)

No new variant for uprobe_unregister() because it's assumed to have
only one reference counter for one uprobe.

[1] https://sourceware.org/systemtap/wiki/UserSpaceProbeImplementation

Note: 'reference counter' is called as 'semaphore' in original Dtrace
(or Systemtap, bcc and even in ELF) documentation and code. But the
term 'semaphore' is misleading in this context. This is just a counter
used to hold number of tracers tracing on a marker. This is not really
used for any synchronization. So we are calling it a 'reference counter'
in kernel / perf code.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180820044250.11659-2-ravi.bangoria@linux.ibm.comReviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
[Only trace_uprobe.c]
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Tested-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

By utilizing a temporary variable, we can avoid adding another call to
strchr(). Instead, save the first call to a temp variable, and then use that
variable as the reference to set the event variable.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

Lee writes:
  "MFD fixes for v4.19
   - Fix Dialog DA9063 regulator constraints issue causing failure in
     probe
   - Fix OMAP Device Tree compatible strings to match DT"

* tag 'mfd-fixes-4.19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/lee/mfd:
  mfd: omap-usb-host: Fix dts probe of children
  mfd: da9063: Fix DT probing with constraints

Juergen writes:
  "xen:
   Two small fixes for xen drivers."

* tag 'for-linus-4.19d-rc5-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip:
  xen: issue warning message when out of grant maptrack entries
  xen/x86/vpmu: Zero struct pt_regs before calling into sample handling code

Jens writes:
  "Just a single fix in this pull request, fixing a regression in
  /proc/diskstats caused by the unification of timestamps."

* tag 'for-linus-20180922' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
  block: use nanosecond resolution for iostat

Thomas writes:
  "A set of fixes for x86:

   - Resolve the kvmclock regression on AMD systems with memory
     encryption enabled. The rework of the kvmclock memory allocation
     during early boot results in encrypted storage, which is not
     shareable with the hypervisor. Create a new section for this data
     which is mapped unencrypted and take care that the later
     allocations for shared kvmclock memory is unencrypted as well.

   - Fix the build regression in the paravirt code introduced by the
     recent spectre v2 updates.

   - Ensure that the initial static page tables cover the fixmap space
     correctly so early console always works. This worked so far by
     chance, but recent modifications to the fixmap layout can -
     depending on kernel configuration - move the relevant entries to a
     different place which is not covered by the initial static page
     tables.

   - Address the regressions and issues which got introduced with the
     recent extensions to the Intel Recource Director Technology code.

   - Update maintainer entries to document reality"

* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/mm: Expand static page table for fixmap space
  MAINTAINERS: Add X86 MM entry
  x86/intel_rdt: Add Reinette as co-maintainer for RDT
  MAINTAINERS: Add Borislav to the x86 maintainers
  x86/paravirt: Fix some warning messages
  x86/intel_rdt: Fix incorrect loop end condition
  x86/intel_rdt: Fix exclusive mode handling of MBA resource
  x86/intel_rdt: Fix incorrect loop end condition
  x86/intel_rdt: Do not allow pseudo-locking of MBA resource
  x86/intel_rdt: Fix unchecked MSR access
  x86/intel_rdt: Fix invalid mode warning when multiple resources are managed
  x86/intel_rdt: Global closid helper to support future fixes
  x86/intel_rdt: Fix size reporting of MBA resource
  x86/intel_rdt: Fix data type in parsing callbacks
  x86/kvm: Use __bss_decrypted attribute in shared variables
  x86/mm: Add .bss..decrypted section to hold shared variables

Thomas writes:
  "- Provide a strerror_r wrapper so lib/bpf can be built on systems
     without _GNU_SOURCE
   - Unbreak the man page generator when building out of tree"

* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  perf Documentation: Fix out-of-tree asciidoctor man page generation
  tools lib bpf: Provide wrapper for strerror_r to build in !_GNU_SOURCE systems

Thomas writes:
  "Make the EFI arm stub device tree loader default on to unbreak
  existing EFI boot loaders which do not have DTB support."

* 'efi-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  efi/libstub/arm: default EFI_ARMSTUB_DTB_LOADER to y

Klaus Kusche reported that the I/O busy time in /proc/diskstats was not
updating properly on 4.18. This is because we started using ktime to
track elapsed time, and we convert nanoseconds to jiffies when we update
the partition counter. However, this gets rounded down, so any I/Os that
take less than a jiffy are not accounted for. Previously in this case,
the value of jiffies would sometimes increment while we were doing I/O,
so at least some I/Os were accounted for.

Let's convert the stats to use nanoseconds internally. We still report
milliseconds as before, now more accurately than ever. The value is
still truncated to 32 bits for backwards compatibility.

Fixes: 522a7775 ("block: consolidate struct request timestamp fields")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Klaus Kusche <klaus.kusche@computerix.info>
Signed-off-by: Omar Sandoval <osandov@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

Linus writes:
  "Pin control fixes for v4.19:
   - Two fixes for the Intel pin controllers than cause
     problems on laptops."

* tag 'pinctrl-v4.19-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-pinctrl:
  pinctrl: intel: Do pin translation in other GPIO operations as well
  pinctrl: cannonlake: Fix gpio base for GPP-E

Paolo writes:
  "It's mostly small bugfixes and cleanups, mostly around x86 nested
   virtualization.  One important change, not related to nested
   virtualization, is that the ability for the guest kernel to trap
   CPUID instructions (in Linux that's the ARCH_SET_CPUID arch_prctl) is
   now masked by default.  This is because the feature is detected
   through an MSR; a very bad idea that Intel seems to like more and
   more.  Some applications choke if the other fields of that MSR are
   not initialized as on real hardware, hence we have to disable the
   whole MSR by default, as was the case before Linux 4.12."

* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (23 commits)
  KVM: nVMX: Fix bad cleanup on error of get/set nested state IOCTLs
  kvm: selftests: Add platform_info_test
  KVM: x86: Control guest reads of MSR_PLATFORM_INFO
  KVM: x86: Turbo bits in MSR_PLATFORM_INFO
  nVMX x86: Check VPID value on vmentry of L2 guests
  nVMX x86: check posted-interrupt descriptor addresss on vmentry of L2
  KVM: nVMX: Wake blocked vCPU in guest-mode if pending interrupt in virtual APICv
  KVM: VMX: check nested state and CR4.VMXE against SMM
  kvm: x86: make kvm_{load|put}_guest_fpu() static
  x86/hyper-v: rename ipi_arg_{ex,non_ex} structures
  KVM: VMX: use preemption timer to force immediate VMExit
  KVM: VMX: modify preemption timer bit only when arming timer
  KVM: VMX: immediately mark preemption timer expired only for zero value
  KVM: SVM: Switch to bitmap_zalloc()
  KVM/MMU: Fix comment in walk_shadow_page_lockless_end()
  kvm: selftests: use -pthread instead of -lpthread
  KVM: x86: don't reset root in kvm_mmu_setup()
  kvm: mmu: Don't read PDPTEs when paging is not enabled
  x86/kvm/lapic: always disable MMIO interface in x2APIC mode
  KVM: s390: Make huge pages unavailable in ucontrol VMs
  ...

Richard writes:
  "This pull request contains fixes for UBIFS:
   - A wrong UBIFS assertion in mount code
   - Fix for a NULL pointer deref in mount code
   - Revert of a bad fix for xattrs"

* tag 'upstream-4.19-rc4' of git://git.infradead.org/linux-ubifs:
  Revert "ubifs: xattr: Don't operate on deleted inodes"
  ubifs: drop false positive assertion
  ubifs: Check for name being NULL while mounting

Jens writes:
  "Storage fixes for 4.19-rc5

  - Fix for leaking kernel pointer in floppy ioctl (Andy Whitcroft)

  - NVMe pull request from Christoph, and a single ANA log page fix
    (Hannes)

  - Regression fix for libata qd32 support, where we trigger an illegal
    active command transition. This fixes a CD-ROM detection issue that
    was reported, but could also trigger premature completion of the
    internal tag (me)"

* tag 'for-linus-20180920' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
  floppy: Do not copy a kernel pointer to user memory in FDGETPRM ioctl
  libata: mask swap internal and hardware tag
  nvme: count all ANA groups for ANA Log page

David writes:
  "drm fixes for 4.19-rc5:

   - core: fix debugfs for atomic, fix the check for atomic for
     non-modesetting drivers
   - amdgpu: adds a new PCI id, some kfd fixes and a sdma fix
   - i915: a bunch of GVT fixes.
   - vc4: scaling fix
   - vmwgfx: modesetting fixes and a old buffer eviction fix
   - udl: framebuffer destruction fix
   - sun4i: disable on R40 fix until next kernel
   - pl111: NULL termination on table fix"

* tag 'drm-fixes-2018-09-21' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm/drm: (21 commits)
  drm/amdkfd: Fix ATS capablity was not reported correctly on some APUs
  drm/amdkfd: Change the control stack MTYPE from UC to NC on GFX9
  drm/amdgpu: Fix SDMA HQD destroy error on gfx_v7
  drm/vmwgfx: Fix buffer object eviction
  drm/vmwgfx: Don't impose STDU limits on framebuffer size
  drm/vmwgfx: limit mode size for all display unit to texture_max
  drm/vmwgfx: limit screen size to stdu_max during check_modeset
  drm/vmwgfx: don't check for old_crtc_state enable status
  drm/amdgpu: add new polaris pci id
  drm: sun4i: drop second PLL from A64 HDMI PHY
  drm: fix drm_drv_uses_atomic_modeset on non modesetting drivers.
  drm/i915/gvt: clear ggtt entries when destroy vgpu
  drm/i915/gvt: request srcu_read_lock before checking if one gfn is valid
  drm/i915/gvt: Add GEN9_CLKGATE_DIS_4 to default BXT mmio handler
  drm/i915/gvt: Init PHY related registers for BXT
  drm/atomic: Use drm_drv_uses_atomic_modeset() for debugfs creation
  drm/fb-helper: Remove set but not used variable 'connector_funcs'
  drm: udl: Destroy framebuffer only if it was initialized
  drm/sun4i: Remove R40 display pipeline compatibles
  drm/pl111: Make sure of_device_id tables are NULL terminated
  ...

A few fixes for 4.19:
- Add a new polaris pci id
- KFD fixes for raven and gfx7
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
From: Alex Deucher <alexdeucher@gmail.com>
Link: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/msgid/20180920155850.5455-1-alexander.deucher@amd.com

A couple of modesetting fixes and a fix for a long-standing buffer-eviction
problem cc'd stable.
Signed-off-by: Dave Airlie <airlied@redhat.com>
From: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
Link: https://patchwork.freedesktop.org/patch/msgid/20180920063935.35492-1-thellstrom@vmware.com

We met a kernel panic when enabling earlycon, which is due to the fixmap
address of earlycon is not statically setup.

Currently the static fixmap setup in head_64.S only covers 2M virtual
address space, while it actually could be in 4M space with different
kernel configurations, e.g. when VSYSCALL emulation is disabled.

So increase the static space to 4M for now by defining FIXMAP_PMD_NUM to 2,
and add a build time check to ensure that the fixmap is covered by the
initial static page tables.

Fixes: 1ad83c85 ("x86_64,vsyscall: Make vsyscall emulation configurable")
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: kernel test robot <rong.a.chen@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> (Xen parts)
Cc: H Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirsky <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180920025828.23699-1-feng.tang@intel.com

While reading block, it is possible that io error return due to underlying
storage issue, in this case, BH_NeedsValidate was left in the buffer head.
Then when reading the very block next time, if it was already linked into
journal, that will trigger the following panic.

[203748.702517] kernel BUG at fs/ocfs2/buffer_head_io.c:342!
[203748.702533] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
[203748.702561] Modules linked in: ocfs2 ocfs2_dlmfs ocfs2_stack_o2cb ocfs2_dlm ocfs2_nodemanager ocfs2_stackglue configfs sunrpc dm_switch dm_queue_length dm_multipath bonding be2iscsi iscsi_boot_sysfs bnx2i cnic uio cxgb4i iw_cxgb4 cxgb4 cxgb3i libcxgbi iw_cxgb3 cxgb3 mdio ib_iser rdma_cm ib_cm iw_cm ib_sa ib_mad ib_core ib_addr ipv6 iscsi_tcp libiscsi_tcp libiscsi scsi_transport_iscsi ipmi_devintf iTCO_wdt iTCO_vendor_support dcdbas ipmi_ssif i2c_core ipmi_si ipmi_msghandler acpi_pad pcspkr sb_edac edac_core lpc_ich mfd_core shpchp sg tg3 ptp pps_core ext4 jbd2 mbcache2 sr_mod cdrom sd_mod ahci libahci megaraid_sas wmi dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_mod
[203748.703024] CPU: 7 PID: 38369 Comm: touch Not tainted 4.1.12-124.18.6.el6uek.x86_64 #2
[203748.703045] Hardware name: Dell Inc. PowerEdge R620/0PXXHP, BIOS 2.5.2 01/28/2015
[203748.703067] task: ffff880768139c00 ti: ffff88006ff48000 task.ti: ffff88006ff48000
[203748.703088] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa05e9f09>]  [<ffffffffa05e9f09>] ocfs2_read_blocks+0x669/0x7f0 [ocfs2]
[203748.703130] RSP: 0018:ffff88006ff4b818  EFLAGS: 00010206
[203748.703389] RAX: 0000000008620029 RBX: ffff88006ff4b910 RCX: 0000000000000000
[203748.703885] RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 00000000023079fe
[203748.704382] RBP: ffff88006ff4b8d8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffff8807578c25b0
[203748.704877] R10: 000000000f637376 R11: 000000003030322e R12: 0000000000000000
[203748.705373] R13: ffff88006ff4b910 R14: ffff880732fe38f0 R15: 0000000000000000
[203748.705871] FS:  00007f401992c700(0000) GS:ffff880bfebc0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[203748.706370] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[203748.706627] CR2: 00007f4019252440 CR3: 00000000a621e000 CR4: 0000000000060670
[203748.707124] Stack:
[203748.707371]  ffff88006ff4b828 ffffffffa0609f52 ffff88006ff4b838 0000000000000001
[203748.707885]  0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ffff880bf67c3800 ffffffffa05eca00
[203748.708399]  00000000023079ff ffffffff81c58b80 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
[203748.708915] Call Trace:
[203748.709175]  [<ffffffffa0609f52>] ? ocfs2_inode_cache_io_unlock+0x12/0x20 [ocfs2]
[203748.709680]  [<ffffffffa05eca00>] ? ocfs2_empty_dir_filldir+0x80/0x80 [ocfs2]
[203748.710185]  [<ffffffffa05ec0cb>] ocfs2_read_dir_block_direct+0x3b/0x200 [ocfs2]
[203748.710691]  [<ffffffffa05f0fbf>] ocfs2_prepare_dx_dir_for_insert.isra.57+0x19f/0xf60 [ocfs2]
[203748.711204]  [<ffffffffa065660f>] ? ocfs2_metadata_cache_io_unlock+0x1f/0x30 [ocfs2]
[203748.711716]  [<ffffffffa05f4f3a>] ocfs2_prepare_dir_for_insert+0x13a/0x890 [ocfs2]
[203748.712227]  [<ffffffffa05f442e>] ? ocfs2_check_dir_for_entry+0x8e/0x140 [ocfs2]
[203748.712737]  [<ffffffffa061b2f2>] ocfs2_mknod+0x4b2/0x1370 [ocfs2]
[203748.713003]  [<ffffffffa061c385>] ocfs2_create+0x65/0x170 [ocfs2]
[203748.713263]  [<ffffffff8121714b>] vfs_create+0xdb/0x150
[203748.713518]  [<ffffffff8121b225>] do_last+0x815/0x1210
[203748.713772]  [<ffffffff812192e9>] ? path_init+0xb9/0x450
[203748.714123]  [<ffffffff8121bca0>] path_openat+0x80/0x600
[203748.714378]  [<ffffffff811bcd45>] ? handle_pte_fault+0xd15/0x1620
[203748.714634]  [<ffffffff8121d7ba>] do_filp_open+0x3a/0xb0
[203748.714888]  [<ffffffff8122a767>] ? __alloc_fd+0xa7/0x130
[203748.715143]  [<ffffffff81209ffc>] do_sys_open+0x12c/0x220
[203748.715403]  [<ffffffff81026ddb>] ? syscall_trace_enter_phase1+0x11b/0x180
[203748.715668]  [<ffffffff816f0c9f>] ? system_call_after_swapgs+0xe9/0x190
[203748.715928]  [<ffffffff8120a10e>] SyS_open+0x1e/0x20
[203748.716184]  [<ffffffff816f0d5e>] system_call_fastpath+0x18/0xd7
[203748.716440] Code: 00 00 48 8b 7b 08 48 83 c3 10 45 89 f8 44 89 e1 44 89 f2 4c 89 ee e8 07 06 11 e1 48 8b 03 48 85 c0 75 df 8b 5d c8 e9 4d fa ff ff <0f> 0b 48 8b 7d a0 e8 dc c6 06 00 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10
[203748.717505] RIP  [<ffffffffa05e9f09>] ocfs2_read_blocks+0x669/0x7f0 [ocfs2]
[203748.717775]  RSP <ffff88006ff4b818>

Joesph ever reported a similar panic.
Link: https://oss.oracle.com/pipermail/ocfs2-devel/2013-May/008931.html

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180912063207.29484-1-junxiao.bi@oracle.comSigned-off-by: Junxiao Bi <junxiao.bi@oracle.com>
Cc: Joseph Qi <jiangqi903@gmail.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark@fasheh.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <jlbec@evilplan.org>
Cc: Changwei Ge <ge.changwei@h3c.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

9092c71b ("mm: use sc->priority for slab shrink targets") changed the
way that the target slab pressure is calculated and made it
priority-based:

    delta = freeable >> priority;
    delta *= 4;
    do_div(delta, shrinker->seeks);

The problem is that on a default priority (which is 12) no pressure is
applied at all, if the number of potentially reclaimable objects is less
than 4096 (1<<12).

This causes the last objects on slab caches of no longer used cgroups to
(almost) never get reclaimed.  It's obviously a waste of memory.

It can be especially painful, if these stale objects are holding a
reference to a dying cgroup.  Slab LRU lists are reparented on memcg
offlining, but corresponding objects are still holding a reference to the
dying cgroup.  If we don't scan these objects, the dying cgroup can't go
away.  Most likely, the parent cgroup hasn't any directly charged objects,
only remaining objects from dying children cgroups.  So it can easily hold
a reference to hundreds of dying cgroups.

If there are no big spikes in memory pressure, and new memory cgroups are
created and destroyed periodically, this causes the number of dying
cgroups grow steadily, causing a slow-ish and hard-to-detect memory
"leak".  It's not a real leak, as the memory can be eventually reclaimed,
but it could not happen in a real life at all.  I've seen hosts with a
steadily climbing number of dying cgroups, which doesn't show any signs of
a decline in months, despite the host is loaded with a production
workload.

It is an obvious waste of memory, and to prevent it, let's apply a minimal
pressure even on small shrinker lists.  E.g.  if there are freeable
objects, let's scan at least min(freeable, scan_batch) objects.

This fix significantly improves a chance of a dying cgroup to be
reclaimed, and together with some previous patches stops the steady growth
of the dying cgroups number on some of our hosts.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180905230759.12236-1-guro@fb.com
Fixes: 9092c71b ("mm: use sc->priority for slab shrink targets")
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180821133424.18716-1-yuehaibing@huawei.comSigned-off-by: YueHaibing <yuehaibing@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Directories and inodes don't necessarily need to be in the same lockdep
class.  For ex, hugetlbfs splits them out too to prevent false positives
in lockdep.  Annotate correctly after new inode creation.  If its a
directory inode, it will be put into a different class.

This should fix a lockdep splat reported by syzbot:

> ======================================================
> WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
> 4.18.0-rc8-next-20180810+ #36 Not tainted
> ------------------------------------------------------
> syz-executor900/4483 is trying to acquire lock:
> 00000000d2bfc8fe (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#9){++++}, at: inode_lock
> include/linux/fs.h:765 [inline]
> 00000000d2bfc8fe (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#9){++++}, at:
> shmem_fallocate+0x18b/0x12e0 mm/shmem.c:2602
>
> but task is already holding lock:
> 0000000025208078 (ashmem_mutex){+.+.}, at: ashmem_shrink_scan+0xb4/0x630
> drivers/staging/android/ashmem.c:448
>
> which lock already depends on the new lock.
>
> -> #2 (ashmem_mutex){+.+.}:
>        __mutex_lock_common kernel/locking/mutex.c:925 [inline]
>        __mutex_lock+0x171/0x1700 kernel/locking/mutex.c:1073
>        mutex_lock_nested+0x16/0x20 kernel/locking/mutex.c:1088
>        ashmem_mmap+0x55/0x520 drivers/staging/android/ashmem.c:361
>        call_mmap include/linux/fs.h:1844 [inline]
>        mmap_region+0xf27/0x1c50 mm/mmap.c:1762
>        do_mmap+0xa10/0x1220 mm/mmap.c:1535
>        do_mmap_pgoff include/linux/mm.h:2298 [inline]
>        vm_mmap_pgoff+0x213/0x2c0 mm/util.c:357
>        ksys_mmap_pgoff+0x4da/0x660 mm/mmap.c:1585
>        __do_sys_mmap arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:100 [inline]
>        __se_sys_mmap arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:91 [inline]
>        __x64_sys_mmap+0xe9/0x1b0 arch/x86/kernel/sys_x86_64.c:91
>        do_syscall_64+0x1b9/0x820 arch/x86/entry/common.c:290
>        entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
>
> -> #1 (&mm->mmap_sem){++++}:
>        __might_fault+0x155/0x1e0 mm/memory.c:4568
>        _copy_to_user+0x30/0x110 lib/usercopy.c:25
>        copy_to_user include/linux/uaccess.h:155 [inline]
>        filldir+0x1ea/0x3a0 fs/readdir.c:196
>        dir_emit_dot include/linux/fs.h:3464 [inline]
>        dir_emit_dots include/linux/fs.h:3475 [inline]
>        dcache_readdir+0x13a/0x620 fs/libfs.c:193
>        iterate_dir+0x48b/0x5d0 fs/readdir.c:51
>        __do_sys_getdents fs/readdir.c:231 [inline]
>        __se_sys_getdents fs/readdir.c:212 [inline]
>        __x64_sys_getdents+0x29f/0x510 fs/readdir.c:212
>        do_syscall_64+0x1b9/0x820 arch/x86/entry/common.c:290
>        entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
>
> -> #0 (&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#9){++++}:
>        lock_acquire+0x1e4/0x540 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3924
>        down_write+0x8f/0x130 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:70
>        inode_lock include/linux/fs.h:765 [inline]
>        shmem_fallocate+0x18b/0x12e0 mm/shmem.c:2602
>        ashmem_shrink_scan+0x236/0x630 drivers/staging/android/ashmem.c:455
>        ashmem_ioctl+0x3ae/0x13a0 drivers/staging/android/ashmem.c:797
>        vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:46 [inline]
>        file_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:501 [inline]
>        do_vfs_ioctl+0x1de/0x1720 fs/ioctl.c:685
>        ksys_ioctl+0xa9/0xd0 fs/ioctl.c:702
>        __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:709 [inline]
>        __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:707 [inline]
>        __x64_sys_ioctl+0x73/0xb0 fs/ioctl.c:707
>        do_syscall_64+0x1b9/0x820 arch/x86/entry/common.c:290
>        entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
>
> other info that might help us debug this:
>
> Chain exists of:
>   &sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#9 --> &mm->mmap_sem --> ashmem_mutex
>
>  Possible unsafe locking scenario:
>
>        CPU0                    CPU1
>        ----                    ----
>   lock(ashmem_mutex);
>                                lock(&mm->mmap_sem);
>                                lock(ashmem_mutex);
>   lock(&sb->s_type->i_mutex_key#9);
>
>  *** DEADLOCK ***
>
> 1 lock held by syz-executor900/4483:
>  #0: 0000000025208078 (ashmem_mutex){+.+.}, at:
> ashmem_shrink_scan+0xb4/0x630 drivers/staging/android/ashmem.c:448

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180821231835.166639-1-joel@joelfernandes.orgSigned-off-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Reported-by: syzbot <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Reviewed-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Suggested-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

The 'm' kcore_list item could point to kclist_head, and it is incorrect to
look at m->addr / m->size in this case.

There is no choice but to run through the list of entries for every
address if we did not find any entry in the previous iteration

Reset 'm' to NULL in that case at Omar Sandoval's suggestion.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add comment]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1536100702-28706-1-git-send-email-asmadeus@codewreck.org
Fixes: bf991c22 ("proc/kcore: optimize multiple page reads")
Signed-off-by: Dominique Martinet <asmadeus@codewreck.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Omar Sandoval <osandov@osandov.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: Bhupesh Sharma <bhsharma@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Deferred struct page init is needed only on systems with large amount of
physical memory to improve boot performance.  32-bit systems do not
benefit from this feature.

Jiri reported a problem where deferred struct pages do not work well with
x86-32:

[    0.035162] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[    0.035725] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
[    0.036269] Initializing CPU#0
[    0.036513] Initializing HighMem for node 0 (00036ffe:0007ffe0)
[    0.038459] page:f6780000 is uninitialized and poisoned
[    0.038460] raw: ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff ffffffff
[    0.039509] page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(1 && PageCompound(page))
[    0.040038] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[    0.040399] kernel BUG at include/linux/page-flags.h:293!
[    0.040823] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI
[    0.041166] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 4.19.0-rc1_pt_jiri #9
[    0.041694] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.11.0-20171110_100015-anatol 04/01/2014
[    0.042496] EIP: free_highmem_page+0x64/0x80
[    0.042839] Code: 13 46 d8 c1 e8 18 5d 83 e0 03 8d 04 c0 c1 e0 06 ff 80 ec 5f 44 d8 c3 8d b4 26 00 00 00 00 ba 08 65 28 d8 89 d8 e8 fc 71 02 00 <0f> 0b 8d 76 00 8d bc 27 00 00 00 00 ba d0 b1 26 d8 89 d8 e8 e4 71
[    0.044338] EAX: 0000003c EBX: f6780000 ECX: 00000000 EDX: d856cbe8
[    0.044868] ESI: 0007ffe0 EDI: d838df20 EBP: d838df00 ESP: d838defc
[    0.045372] DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 00e0 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00210086
[    0.045913] CR0: 80050033 CR2: 00000000 CR3: 18556000 CR4: 00040690
[    0.046413] DR0: 00000000 DR1: 00000000 DR2: 00000000 DR3: 00000000
[    0.046913] DR6: fffe0ff0 DR7: 00000400
[    0.047220] Call Trace:
[    0.047419]  add_highpages_with_active_regions+0xbd/0x10d
[    0.047854]  set_highmem_pages_init+0x5b/0x71
[    0.048202]  mem_init+0x2b/0x1e8
[    0.048460]  start_kernel+0x1d2/0x425
[    0.048757]  i386_start_kernel+0x93/0x97
[    0.049073]  startup_32_smp+0x164/0x168
[    0.049379] Modules linked in:
[    0.049626] ---[ end trace 337949378db0abbb ]---

We free highmem pages before their struct pages are initialized:

mem_init()
 set_highmem_pages_init()
  add_highpages_with_active_regions()
   free_highmem_page()
    .. Access uninitialized struct page here..

Because there is no reason to have this feature on 32-bit systems, just
disable it.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180831150506.31246-1-pavel.tatashin@microsoft.com
Fixes: 2e3ca40f ("mm: relax deferred struct page requirements")
Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pavel.tatashin@microsoft.com>
Reported-by: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Make the clone and fork syscalls return EAGAIN when the limit on the
number of pids /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max is exceeded.

Currently, when the pid_max limit is exceeded, the kernel will return
ENOSPC from the fork and clone syscalls.  This is contrary to the
documented behaviour, which explicitly calls out the pid_max case as one
where EAGAIN should be returned.  It also leads to really confusing error
messages in userspace programs which will complain about a lack of disk
space when they fail to create processes/threads for this reason.

This error is being returned because alloc_pid() uses the idr api to find
a new pid; when there are none available, idr_alloc_cyclic() returns
-ENOSPC, and this is being propagated back to userspace.

This behaviour has been broken before, and was explicitly fixed in
commit 35f71bc0 ("fork: report pid reservation failure properly"),
so I think -EAGAIN is definitely the right thing to return in this case.
The current behaviour change dates from commit 95846ecf ("pid:
replace pid bitmap implementation with IDR AIP") and was I believe
unintentional.

This patch has no impact on the case where allocating a pid fails because
the child reaper for the namespace is dead; that case will still return
-ENOMEM.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180903111016.46461-1-ktsanaktsidis@zendesk.com
Fixes: 95846ecf ("pid: replace pid bitmap implementation with IDR AIP")
Signed-off-by: KJ Tsanaktsidis <ktsanaktsidis@zendesk.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Gargi Sharma <gs051095@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Dave, Andy and Peter are de facto overseing the mm parts of X86. Add an
explicit maintainers entry.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Reinette Chatre is doing great job on enabling pseudo-locking and other
features in RDT. Add her as co-maintainer for RDT.
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Reinette Chatre <reinette.chatre@intel.com>
Cc: "H Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "Tony Luck" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1537472228-221799-1-git-send-email-fenghua.yu@intel.com

This reverts commit 11a6fc3d.
UBIFS wants to assert that xattr operations are only issued on files
with positive link count. The said patch made this operations return
-ENOENT for unlinked files such that the asserts will no longer trigger.
This was wrong since xattr operations are perfectly fine on unlinked
files.
Instead the assertions need to be fixed/removed.

Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Fixes: 11a6fc3d ("ubifs: xattr: Don't operate on deleted inodes")
Reported-by: Koen Vandeputte <koen.vandeputte@ncentric.com>
Tested-by: Joel Stanley <joel@jms.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>

The following sequence triggers

	ubifs_assert(c, c->lst.taken_empty_lebs > 0);

at the end of ubifs_remount_fs():

mount -t ubifs /dev/ubi0_0 /mnt
echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/ubifs/ubi0_0/ro_error
umount /mnt
mount -t ubifs -o ro /dev/ubix_y /mnt
mount -o remount,ro /mnt

The resulting

UBIFS assert failed in ubifs_remount_fs at 1878 (pid 161)

is a false positive. In the case above c->lst.taken_empty_lebs has
never been changed from its initial zero value. This will only happen
when the deferred recovery is done.

Fix this by doing the assertion only when recovery has been done
already.
Signed-off-by: Sascha Hauer <s.hauer@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>

The requested device name can be NULL or an empty string.
Check for that and refuse to continue. UBIFS has to do this manually
since we cannot use mount_bdev(), which checks for this condition.

Fixes: 1e51764a ("UBIFS: add new flash file system")
Reported-by: syzbot+38bd0f7865e5c6379280@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>

The handlers of IOCTLs in kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl() are expected to set
their return value in "r" local var and break out of switch block
when they encounter some error.
This is because vcpu_load() is called before the switch block which
have a proper cleanup of vcpu_put() afterwards.

However, KVM_{GET,SET}_NESTED_STATE IOCTLs handlers just return
immediately on error without performing above mentioned cleanup.

Thus, change these handlers to behave as expected.

Fixes: 8fcc4b59 ("kvm: nVMX: Introduce KVM_CAP_NESTED_STATE")
Reviewed-by: Mark Kanda <mark.kanda@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Patrick Colp <patrick.colp@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Liran Alon <liran.alon@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>

Because CRAT_CU_FLAGS_IOMMU_PRESENT was not set in some BIOS crat, we
need to workaround this.

For future compatibility, we also overwrite the bit in capability according
to the value of needs_iommu_device.
Acked-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Yong Zhao <Yong.Zhao@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Felix Kuehling <Felix.Kuehling@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Kuehling <Felix.Kuehling@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

CWSR fails on Raven if the control stack is MTYPE_UC, which is used
for regular GART mappings. As a workaround we map it using MTYPE_NC.

The MEC firmware expects the control stack at one page offset from the
start of the MQD so it is part of the MQD allocation on GFXv9. AMDGPU
added a memory allocation flag just for this purpose.
Acked-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Yong Zhao <yong.zhao@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Felix Kuehling <Felix.Kuehling@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Kuehling <Felix.Kuehling@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

A wrong register bit was examinated for checking SDMA status so it reports
false failures. This typo only appears on gfx_v7. gfx_v8 checks the correct
bit.
Acked-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Amber Lin <Amber.Lin@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Felix Kuehling <Felix.Kuehling@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Felix Kuehling <Felix.Kuehling@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>

For some reason I thought GPIOLIB handles translation from GPIO ranges
to pinctrl pins but it turns out not to be the case. This means that
when GPIOs operations are performed for a pin controller having a custom
GPIO base such as Cannon Lake and Ice Lake incorrect pin number gets
used internally.

Fix this in the same way we did for lock/unlock IRQ operations and
translate the GPIO number to pin before using it.

Fixes: a60eac32 ("pinctrl: intel: Allow custom GPIO base for pad groups")
Reported-by: Rajat Jain <rajatja@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Mika Westerberg <mika.westerberg@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Rajat Jain <rajatja@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>

Pull NVMe fix from Christoph.

* 'nvme-4.19' of git://git.infradead.org/nvme:
  nvme: count all ANA groups for ANA Log page

The final field of a floppy_struct is the field "name", which is a pointer
to a string in kernel memory.  The kernel pointer should not be copied to
user memory.  The FDGETPRM ioctl copies a floppy_struct to user memory,
including this "name" field.  This pointer cannot be used by the user
and it will leak a kernel address to user-space, which will reveal the
location of kernel code and data and undermine KASLR protection.

Model this code after the compat ioctl which copies the returned data
to a previously cleared temporary structure on the stack (excluding the
name pointer) and copy out to userspace from there.  As we already have
an inparam union with an appropriate member and that memory is already
cleared even for read only calls make use of that as a temporary store.

Based on an initial patch by Brian Belleville.

CVE-2018-7755
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>

Broke up long line.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

hen we're comparing the hardware completion mask passed in from the
driver with the internal tag pending mask, we need to account for the
fact that the internal tag is different from the hardware tag. If not,
then we can end up either prematurely completing the internal tag (since
it's not set in the hw mask), or simply flag an error:

ata2: illegal qc_active transition (100000000->00000001)

If the internal tag is set, then swap that with the hardware tag in this
case before comparing with what the hardware reports.

Fixes: 28361c40 ("libata: add extra internal command")
Buglink: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201151
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Paul Sbarra <sbarra.paul@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Paul Sbarra <sbarra.paul@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>