1)Update to commit 8f0efa81 ("mm/page_owner.c: add
llseek for page_owner")

2)Translate some words into Chinese.
Signed-off-by: Yanteng Si <siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/52bc8df87618af951b34759487f05775416cb4d4.1664360331.git.siyanteng@loongson.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Update to commit bc6a2828a963 ("ksm: add the ksm prefix
to the names of the ksm private structures")
Signed-off-by: Yanteng Si <siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/60017007349357dc1fd8fa849a5ddb5672f8ab5b.1664360331.git.siyanteng@loongson.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Somehow, there remains a link to gmane.org, which stopped working
in 2016, in howto.rst. Replace it with the one at lore.kernel.org.
Do the same changes under translations/ as well.
Signed-off-by: Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@gmail.com>
Cc: Federico Vaga <federico.vaga@vaga.pv.it>
Cc: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Cc: Yanteng Si <siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Cc: Hu Haowen <src.res@email.cn>
Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220930021936.26238-1-akiyks@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Clearly the author meant 'on the fly'.
Signed-off-by: Joel Stanley <joel@jms.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221005030904.65604-1-joel@jms.id.auSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

The kernel size changes due to many factors, such as compiler
version, configuration, and the build environment. This makes
size comparison figures irrelevant to reader's setup.

Remove these figures and describe the effects of page owner
to the kernel size in general instead.

Thanks for Jonathan Corbet, Bagas Sanjaya and Mike Rapoport's
constructive suggestions.
Signed-off-by: Yixuan Cao <caoyixuan2019@email.szu.edu.cn>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221005145525.10359-1-caoyixuan2019@email.szu.edu.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Since a patch set in my translation devicetree
introduce some build warnings:

Warning: Documentation/translations/zh_CN/devicetree/changesets.rst
references a file that doesn't exist:
Documentation/Devicetree/changesets.rst
...

Change the first letter of Devicetree to lowercase.

Fixes: 9485acfd ("docs/zh_CN: add dt kernel-api translation")
Fixes: f773455c ("docs/zh_CN: add dt overlay-notes translation")
Fixes: 5e38432d ("docs/zh_CN: add dt dynamic-resolution-notes translation")
Fixes: 330f5a30 ("docs/zh_CN: add dt changesets translation")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Yanteng Si <siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Reviewed-by: Wu XiangCheng <bobwxc@email.cn>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221008094139.314151-1-siyanteng@loongson.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

The documentation gives an example for opening trace marker with
write-only mode, but the flag WR_ONLY is not defined by glibc.

Use O_WRONLY to replace it.
Signed-off-by: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221008083250.3160-1-leo.yan@linaro.orgSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

checkpatch does not point out that VM_BUG_ON() and friends should be
avoided, however, Linus notes:

    VM_BUG_ON() has the exact same semantics as BUG_ON. It is literally
    no different, the only difference is "we can make the code smaller
    because these are less important". [1]

So let's warn on VM_BUG_ON() and other BUG variants as well. While at it,
make it clearer that the kernel really shouldn't be crashed.

As there are some subsystem BUG macros that actually don't end up crashing
the kernel -- for example, KVM_BUG_ON() -- exclude these manually.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wg40EAZofO16Eviaj7mfqDhZ2gVEbvfsMf6gYzspRjYvw@mail.gmail.comSigned-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220923113426.52871-3-david@redhat.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Linus notes [1] that the introduction of new code that uses VM_BUG_ON()
is just as bad as BUG_ON(), because it will crash the kernel on
distributions that enable CONFIG_DEBUG_VM (like Fedora):

    VM_BUG_ON() has the exact same semantics as BUG_ON. It is literally
    no different, the only difference is "we can make the code smaller
    because these are less important". [2]

This resulted in a more generic discussion about usage of BUG() and
friends. While there might be corner cases that still deserve a BUG_ON(),
most BUG_ON() cases should simply use WARN_ON_ONCE() and implement a
recovery path if reasonable:

    The only possible case where BUG_ON can validly be used is "I have
    some fundamental data corruption and cannot possibly return an
    error". [2]

As a very good approximation is the general rule:

    "absolutely no new BUG_ON() calls _ever_" [2]

... not even if something really shouldn't ever happen and is merely for
documenting that an invariant always has to hold. However, there are sill
exceptions where BUG_ON() may be used:

    If you have a "this is major internal corruption, there's no way we can
    continue", then BUG_ON() is appropriate. [3]

There is only one good BUG_ON():

    Now, that said, there is one very valid sub-form of BUG_ON():
    BUILD_BUG_ON() is absolutely 100% fine. [2]

While WARN will also crash the machine with panic_on_warn set, that's
exactly to be expected:

    So we have two very different cases: the "virtual machine with good
    logging where a dead machine is fine" - use 'panic_on_warn'. And
    the actual real hardware with real drivers, running real loads by
    users. [4]

The basic idea is that warnings will similarly get reported by users
and be found during testing. However, in contrast to a BUG(), there is a
way to actually influence the expected behavior (e.g., panic_on_warn)
and to eventually keep the machine alive to extract some debug info.

Ingo notes that not all WARN_ON_ONCE cases need recovery. If we don't ever
expect this code to trigger in any case, recovery code is not really
helpful.

    I'd prefer to keep all these warnings 'simple' - i.e. no attempted
    recovery & control flow, unless we ever expect these to trigger.
    [5]

There have been different rules floating around that were never properly
documented. Let's try to clarify.

[1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wiEAH+ojSpAgx_Ep=NKPWHU8AdO3V56BXcCsU97oYJ1EA@mail.gmail.com
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wg40EAZofO16Eviaj7mfqDhZ2gVEbvfsMf6gYzspRjYvw@mail.gmail.com
[3] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wit-DmhMfQErY29JSPjFgebx_Ld+pnerc4J2Ag990WwAA@mail.gmail.com
[4] https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wgF7K2gSSpy=m_=K3Nov4zaceUX9puQf1TjkTJLA2XC_g@mail.gmail.com
[5] https://lore.kernel.org/r/YwIW+mVeZoTOxn%2F4@gmail.comReviewed-by: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220923113426.52871-2-david@redhat.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Add missing devm_request_free_mem_region() to devres.rst.
It's introduced by commit 0092908d ("mm: factor out a
devm_request_free_mem_region helper").
Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220927080215.1359979-1-yangyingliang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

devm_irq_sim_init() has been changed to devm_irq_domain_create_sim()
in commit 337cbeb2 ("genirq/irq_sim: Simplify the API").
Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220927083819.12484-1-yangyingliang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Since commit b3ac0413 ("mm/rmap: Turn page_referenced() into
folio_referenced()") the page_referenced function name was modified,
so fix it up to use the correct one.
Signed-off-by: Vernon Yang <vernon2gm@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220926152032.74621-1-vernon2gm@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

The Code of Conduct interpretation does not reflect the current
practices of the CoC committee or the TAB. Update the documentation
to remove references to initial committees and boot strap periods
since it is past that time, and note that the this document
does serve as the documentation for the CoC committee processes.
Signed-off-by: Kristen Carlson Accardi <kristen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220926211149.2278214-1-kristen@linux.intel.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Now that building html docs with math expressions does not need texlive
packages, remove the note on the requirement in the "Sphinx Install"
section.

Instead, add sections of "Math Expressions in HTML" and "Choice of Math
Renderer".
Describe the effect of setting SPHINX_IMGMATH in the latter section.
Signed-off-by: Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@gmail.com>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@kernel.org>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/a67e3279-6bc7-ee2c-2b49-9275252460b0@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Bring the description on when to use the Reported-by: tag found in
Documentation/process/5.Posting.rst more in line with the description in
Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst: before this change the two
were contradicting each other, as the latter is way more permissive and
only states '[...] if the bug was reported in private, then ask for
permission first before using the Reported-by tag.'
Signed-off-by: Thorsten Leemhuis <linux@leemhuis.info>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2fc7162dfb76e04da5ea903c9c170d913e735dad.1664372256.git.linux@leemhuis.infoSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

After commit 22471e13 ("kconfig: use a menu in arch/Kconfig to reduce
clutter"), the location of Kprobes is under "General architecture-dependent
options" rather than "General setup".
Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Fixes: 22471e13 ("kconfig: use a menu in arch/Kconfig to reduce clutter")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1663322106-12178-1-git-send-email-yangtiezhu@loongson.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

The top-level index.rst file is the entry point for the kernel's
documentation, especially for readers of the HTML output.  It is currently
a mess containing everything we thought to throw in there.  Firefox says it
would require 26 pages of paper to print it.  That is not a user-friendly
introduction.

This series aims to improve our documentation entry point with a focus on
rewriting index.rst.  The result is, IMO, simpler and more approachable.
For anybody who wants to see the rendered results without building the
docs, have a look at:

  https://static.lwn.net/kerneldoc/

This time around I've rendered the pages using the "Read The Docs" theme,
since that's what everybody will get by default.  That theme ignores the
directives regarding the left column, so the results are not as good there.
I have a series proposing a default-theme change in the works, but that's a
separate topic.

This is only a beginning; I think this kind of organizational effort has to
be pushed down into the lower layers of the docs tree itself.  But one has
to start somewhere.

Readers looking for user-oriented information may benefit from it.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Reviewed-by: David Vernet <void@manifault.com>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220927160559.97154-8-corbet@lwn.netSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

These files describe part of the core API, but have never been converted to
RST due to ... let's say local oppposition.  So, create a set of
special-purpose wrappers to ..include these files into a separate page so
that they can be a part of the htmldocs build.  Then link them into the
core-api manual and remove them from the "staging" dumping ground.
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Reviewed-by: David Vernet <void@manifault.com>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220927160559.97154-7-corbet@lwn.netSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

This one file should not really be in the top-level documentation
directory.  core-api/ may not be a perfect fit but seems to be best, so
move it there.  Adjust a couple of internal document references to make
them location-independent, and point checkpatch.pl at the new location.

Cc: Jiri Slaby <jirislaby@kernel.org>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Reviewed-by: David Vernet <void@manifault.com>
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220927160559.97154-6-corbet@lwn.netSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

There is some useless boilerplate text that was added by sphinx when this
file was first created; take it out.
Reviewed-by: David Vernet <void@manifault.com>
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220927160559.97154-5-corbet@lwn.netSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Use the html_sidebars directive to get a more useful set of links in the
left column.

Unfortunately, this is a no-op with the default RTD theme, but others
observe it.
Reviewed-by: David Vernet <void@manifault.com>
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220927160559.97154-4-corbet@lwn.netSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

The front page is the entry point to the documentation, especially for
people who read it online.  It's a big mess of everything we could think to
toss into it.  Rewrite the page with an eye toward simplicity and making it
easy for readers to get going toward what they really want to find.

This is only a beginning, but it makes our docs more approachable than
before.
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: David Vernet <void@manifault.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220927160559.97154-3-corbet@lwn.netSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

...otherwise Sphinx won't cooperate when trying to list it explicitly in
the top-level index.rst file
Reviewed-by: David Vernet <void@manifault.com>
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220927160559.97154-2-corbet@lwn.netSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Add devm_spi_alloc_master() and devm_spi_alloc_slave() to devres.rst.
They are introduced by
commit 5e844cc3 ("spi: Introduce device-managed SPI controller allocation").
Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Lukas Wunner <lukas@wunner.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220923141803.75734-1-yangyingliang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Add devm_pinctrl_get_select() and devm_pinctrl_register_and_init() to
devres.rst.
Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220922153737.2863951-1-yangyingliang@huawei.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

should be kB instead of Kb
Signed-off-by: Hoi Pok Wu <wuhoipok@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Muchun Song <songmuchun@bytedance.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220922030645.9719-1-wuhoipok@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

The last English version used:
  commit 2f51efc6 ("docs: bootconfig: Add how to embed the
  bootconfig into kernel")
Signed-off-by: Wu XiangCheng <bobwxc@email.cn>
Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si <siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/386249dc333a3e40b80c3a9483d60d2bfd24a6c4.1663850554.git.bobwxc@email.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

* update to commit ea052e7257bd ("docs: admin-guide: for kernel bugs
  refer to other kernel documentation")

We are in 6.x now ;)
Signed-off-by: Wu XiangCheng <bobwxc@email.cn>
Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si <siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/7f6e0b8961f79befa62e0070f9682ab3abde8622.1663850554.git.bobwxc@email.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Translate core-api/packing.rst into Chinese.

Last English version used:

commit 1ec779b9 ("docs: packing: move it to core-api book
and adjust markups").
Signed-off-by: Binbin Zhou <zhoubinbin@loongson.cn>
Reviewed-by: Wu XiangCheng <bobwxc@email.cn>
Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si<siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/96b19575ca7e9e23941e8a5ef92120f1bffbc518.1660881950.git.zhoubinbin@loongson.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Translate core-api/generic-radix-tree.rst into Chinese.

Last English version used:

commit ba20ba2e ("generic radix trees").
Signed-off-by: Binbin Zhou <zhoubinbin@loongson.cn>
Reviewed-by: Wu XiangCheng <bobwxc@email.cn>
Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si<siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/aad94e2a053ae021eb4d63240690b05c2f3e8dec.1660881950.git.zhoubinbin@loongson.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Translate core-api/circular-buffers.rst into Chinese.

Last English version used:

commit 714b6904 ("doc: Remove ".vnet" from paulmck email addresses").
Signed-off-by: Binbin Zhou <zhoubinbin@loongson.cn>
Reviewed-by: Wu XiangCheng <bobwxc@email.cn>
Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si<siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/6b94f233dd4b4a9e6da6fa2f86a9b1d32f104004.1660881950.git.zhoubinbin@loongson.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Translate core-api/idr.rst into Chinese.

Last English version used:

commit 85656ec1 ("IDR: Note that the IDR API is deprecated").
Signed-off-by: Binbin Zhou <zhoubinbin@loongson.cn>
Reviewed-by: Wu XiangCheng <bobwxc@email.cn>
Reviewed-by: Yanteng Si<siyanteng@loongson.cn>
Reviewed-by: Alex Shi <alexs@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/9f578ea087df7ef8665fc08541d208e7429176ec.1660881950.git.zhoubinbin@loongson.cnSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

do_IRQ has been replaced by common_interrupt in commit
fa5e5c40 ("x86/entry: Use idtentry for interrupts").
Signed-off-by: Tuo Cao <91tuocao@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220915150155.9908-1-91tuocao@gmail.comSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Fix grammar and improve readability of chipidea-usb2 text.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Peter Chen <peter.chen@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-usb@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Peter Chen <peter.chen@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220827203217.7837-1-rdunlap@infradead.orgSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Correct one typo/spello and remove one duplicated word in the
W1 documentation.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Evgeniy Polyakov <zbr@ioremap.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220828002845.7022-1-rdunlap@infradead.orgSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>

Clean up punctuation, spelling, and formatting for command line usage
and modprobe config file usage in udlfb.rst.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: Bernie Thompson <bernie@plugable.com>
Cc: linux-fbdev@vger.kernel.org
Cc: dri-devel@lists.freedesktop.org
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220828192501.14232-1-rdunlap@infradead.orgSigned-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>